The person who got people from village, ensured them jobs, helped them settle in cities and provided them money in times of need was known as: [CBSE 2011]
  • Stapler
  • Fuller
  • Gomastha
  • Jobber
Why did Manchester export to India decline after the First World War?
  • People were busy fighting the war.
  • Factories closed down due to security problem.
  • Factories and mills were busy producing goods to fulfill the need of army.
  • Export trade was restricted by the government.
Why were workers in England hostile to machines and new technology?
  • They did not know how to use these.
  • They feared that they would lose their jobs and livelihood.
  • The workers were too poor to buy new machines.
  • They were scared of machines.
Why were there frequent clashes between the gomastha and the weavers?
  • The weavers hated foreigners.
  • The gomastha forced the weavers to sell goods at a dictated price.
  • Gomasthas were outsiders without long term social link with the village.
  • None of the above.
From which of the following trade did the early entrepreneurs make a fortune?
  • Textile trade
  • China trade
  • Trade in tea
  • Industries
Which of the following was a European managing agency?
  • Tata Iron and Steel Company
  • Andrew Yule
  • Elgin Mill
  • Birla industries
Why did the weavers suffer from a problem of raw cotton?
  • The cotton crop perished
  • Raw cotton exports increased
  • Local markets shrank
  • Export market collapsed
In Victorian Britain the upper classes- aristocratic class and bourgeoisie preferred handmade goods because:
  • they were made from imported material.
  • the handmade goods came to symbolize refinement and class.
  • they were better finished.
  • only upper class could afford the expensive items.
By late 19th century why did the British manufacturers print calendars for advertisements?
  • Indian people were fond of using calendars in their houses.
  • Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people who did not know how to read or write.
  • It was cheaper to advertise goods through calendars.
  • It used to add beauty to the room.
Which of the following innovations helped the weavers in increasing productivity and compete with mill sector?
  • Spining jenny
  • Fly shuttle
  • Cotton Gin
  • Roller
In the 17th century, merchants from towns in Europe moved to the countryside to:
  • supply money to peasants and artisans to persuade them to produce for international markets.
  • persuade them to settle in towns.
  • provide them with small workshops.
  • stop them from working for other companies.
Name the first industrial country in the world:
  • France
  • Japan
  • Britain
  • Germany
Why couldn't the merchants expand production within towns?
  • The powerful guilds did not allow them to do so.
  • New merchants were not competent enough to carry on production work and trade.
  • New merchants had inadequate capital.
  • Competent weavers and artisans were not available in towns.
Where was the first cotton mill established? ;
  • Bombay
  • Ahmedabad
  • Kanpur
  • Madras
Who devised the Spinning Jenny?
  • James Hargreaves
  • James Watt
  • Richard Arkwright
  • Samuel Luke
How did urban merchants acquire trade monopoly?
  • The old merchants had won over the weavers and artisans.
  • The powerful members of the guilds had bribed the rulers.
  • The rulers granted different guilds the 'monopoly right' and trade of specific products.
  • The guilds were so powerful that they did not allow new merchants to enter into the field of trade.
Indian industrial growth increased after First World War because:
  • British opened new factories in India.
  • New technological changes occurred.
  • Indian mills now had a vast home market to supply to.
  • India became independent.
Which of the following helped the production of handloom cloth?
  • Employers were looking for only skilled workers and they rejected inexperienced applicants.
  • The number of jobs were less than the number of job seekers.
  • Employers did not prefer migrants.
  • Employers wanted educated workers.
What made workers become hostile to the 'Spinning Jenny'?
  • Common people had not yet accepted machine-made products.
  • To some people machines appeared as 'monsters'.
  • It had reduced the demand for labour.
  • Hand-made goods were still popular.
Which of the following is not a reason why industrialists in 19th century Europe preferred hand labour over machines?
  • There was abundance of labour, so wages were low.
  • Hand labour produced uniform and standardised goods for a mass market.
  • Machines required huge capital investment.
  • Industries, where demand was seasonal, industrialists preferred hand labour.
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