One complete revolution of Earth around the sun takes about
  • one rotation
  • one year
  • one eclipse
Earth’s rotation takes about
  • 365 days
  • 24 hours
  • 1 month
Day and night are caused by
  • the tilt of the axis
  • Earth's rotation on its axis
  • Earth's revolution around the sun
Earth has seasons because
  • the distance between earth and the sun changes
  • its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun
  • the temperature of the sun changes
When the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun, North America will experience
  • less direct rays and longer days
  • more direct rays and shorter days
  • more direct rays and longer days
From new moon phase to full moon phase, you see
  • an increasing amount of the lighted side of the moon
  • a decreasing amount of the lighted side of the moon
  • the same amount of the lighted side of the moon
For a solar eclipse to occur
  • the sun must be directly between Earth and the moon
  • the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun
  • Earth must be directly between the sun and the moon.
During what phase of the moon can a lunar eclipse occur?
  • New Moon
  • Waxing Gibbous
  • Full Moon
When are tides highest?
  • during the moon’s first quarter phase
  • when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line
  • when the moon is at a right angle to the sun
Tides are caused mainly by
  • differences in how much the sun pulls on different parts of Earth.
  • strong winds blowing water onto coasts.
  • differences in how much the moon pulls on different parts of Earth.
Maria on the moon’s surface are
  • rough mountains
  • smooth flat areas
  • rivers
Galileo saw that much of the moon’s surface is covered with round pits called
  • highlands
  • seas
  • craters
How large is the moon compared to Earth?
  • about the same diameter as Earth
  • about one-half the diameter of Earth
  • about one-fourth the diameter of Earth
Scientists think the moon was formed when
  • a large object struck Earth, and ejected material from the collision combined.
  • gravitational forces attracted a moon formed elsewhere in space.
  • meteoroids collected and solidified within the pull of Earth’s gravity
In the Southern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs when the sun is
  • farthest south
  • farthest north
  • closest to earth
An equinox occurs when
  • neither end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward or away from the sun.
  • the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted AWAY from the sun.
  • the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted TOWARD the sun.
Because the moon rotates once for each revolution around Earth,
  • you see a different side of the moon each day.
  • you always see the same side of the moon.
  • you only sometimes see the far side of the moon.
The amount of the lighted side of the moon you can see is the same during
  • new moon and full moon phase
  • new moon and first quarter phase
  • first quarter and third quarter phase
When do neap tides occur?
  • at new moon
  • when the sun’s pull is at right angles to the moon’s
  • at full moon
The two factors that combine to keep Earth and the moon in their orbits are
  • orbital speed and mass
  • gravity and inertia
  • mass and inertia
The tendency of a moving object to continue moving in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place is called
  • mass
  • inertia
  • gravity
All objects are attracted to each other by the force of
  • mass
  • inertia
  • gravity
The strength of the force of gravity depends on
  • the masses of the objects and their speeds
  • the masses of the objects and the distance between them
  • the masses of the objects and their weights
The different shapes of the moon seen from Earth are called
  • penumbra
  • umbra
  • phases
The temperature of the moon’s surface varies greatly from day to night because the moon has
  • maria
  • no atmosphere
  • highlands
During a total lunar eclipse the moon is in Earth’s
  • corona
  • orbit
  • umbra
Day and night are caused by Earth’s revolution on its axis.
  • true
  • false
The phases of the moon depend on how much of the lighted side of the moon can be seen from Earth.
  • True
  • False
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon moves directly between the sun and Earth.
  • true
  • false
A tide with the greatest difference between low and high tides is called a neap tide.
  • true
  • false
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