Activity 4.1 asks you to place items like a piece of copper, a piece of aluminium, and an iron nail on a hard surface and beat them with a hammer. What do you think generally happens to a metal piece when hammered this way?
  • It becomes slightly flattened into a thin sheet
  • It breaks into small pieces
  • It remains completely unchanged
  • It melts into a liquid
Holistic Lens asks: What could be a potential reason it is generally considered that copper was discovered earlier than iron?
  • Copper can occur in a usable form and requires lower temperatures to work with than iron
  • Iron is found pure and is easier to extract than copper
  • Copper is far rarer than iron, so people valued it more
  • People in early times disliked using iron for tools
According to Section 4.1.2, which statement about coal and sulfur is correct regarding wire-making?
  • They are not ductile and cannot be drawn into wires
  • They can be drawn into strong, long wires like metals
  • They make better wires than copper and aluminium
  • They are ductile only when heated mildly
Section 4.1.3 asks you to compare sounds made by different materials when dropped. What sound is typically produced when a metal spoon or coin is dropped on the floor, compared with a piece of coal or wood dropped from the same height?
  • A clear ringing sound, louder and more sonorous than coal or wood
  • No sound at all
  • A dull thud identical to coal or wood
  • A crackling sound that indicates breaking
Activity 4.2 suggests dropping several objects from a certain height. Which object is most likely to produce a louder, ringing sound on impact?
  • A metal spoon or metal coin
  • A piece of coal
  • A block of wood
  • A dry sponge
In an activity, a metal spoon and a wooden spoon of similar size and thickness are immersed together in hot water and the upper ends are touched after a few minutes. Which spoon gets hotter at the upper end?
  • The metal spoon
  • The wooden spoon
  • Both get equally hot
  • Neither gets hot
Based on the hot-water spoon activity, what does the observation about the hotter upper end tell us about heat transfer along the two spoons?
  • Heat conducts well through metal and poorly through wood
  • Heat conducts well through wood and poorly through metal
  • Both metal and wood conduct heat equally well
  • Heat cannot travel through solids
Why are screwdriver handles commonly made of materials like plastic or rubber?
  • They are poor conductors of electricity and help prevent electric shock
  • They make the screwdriver heavier for stability
  • They are shiny and improve the tool’s appearance
  • They conduct electricity well for testing live wires
Electricians often wear rubber gloves and shoes while working. What is the main reason for this practice?
  • Rubber is a poor conductor of electricity and reduces the risk of electric shock
  • Rubber keeps hands and feet warm in cold weather
  • Rubber makes it easier to grip tools tightly
  • Rubber conducts electricity away from the body
In a tester-circuit activity, various objects are inserted one at a time: a piece of aluminium foil, an iron nail, a lump of sulfur, a copper wire, a piece of coal, a piece of dry wood, a stone, an eraser made of rubber, and a piece of nylon rope. What pattern is observed regarding which objects make the bulb glow?
  • Objects that are metals make the bulb glow; non-metal objects listed do not
  • All objects make the bulb glow equally well
  • Only objects that are soft or light make the bulb glow
  • Objects that contain carbon make the bulb glow while others do not
Iron objects often develop brown deposits when left in the open. Under which condition does an iron object develop these brown deposits?
  • When it comes into contact with dry air only
  • When it comes into contact with water only
  • When it comes into contact with both air and water
  • When it is kept away from both air and water
In an experiment with three stoppered glass bottles each containing an iron nail, bottle A has dry air (with silica gel), bottle B has water covered with a thin oil layer, and bottle C has both air and water in contact with the nail. After several days, what conclusion can be drawn about the formation of brown deposits on iron?
  • Brown deposits form only in dry air
  • Brown deposits form only in water without air
  • Brown deposits form when both air and water are present; moist air causes rusting
  • Brown deposits never form on iron
Activity 4.6: A clean magnesium ribbon (about 3–4 cm) is ignited and allowed to burn (see image of a glowing strip held with tongs over a flame). What should you observe during burning?
  • A dim red glow forms and the ribbon melts into tiny droplets
  • It burns with a dazzling white flame and leaves a white powder on the watch glass
  • The ribbon turns brown without any flame and becomes a brittle strip
  • Thick black smoke is produced and the ribbon swells into a sponge-like mass
Activity 4.6: The white powder collected after burning magnesium ribbon is mixed with warm water and stirred. What is the nature of the resulting solution?
  • Acidic in nature
  • Basic in nature
  • Neutral in nature
  • Salty but neither acidic nor basic
Activity 4.7: Powdered sulfur is burned in a deflagrating spoon and the spoon is introduced into a covered gas jar; after a few minutes, water is added and the jar is shaken to dissolve the gas. What is the nature of the resulting solution?
  • Acidic in nature
  • Basic in nature
  • Neutral in nature
  • Amphoteric in nature
Activity 4.7: After dissolving the gas formed by burning sulfur in water, how will the solution affect litmus papers?
  • Turns blue litmus red and leaves red litmus unchanged
  • Turns red litmus blue and leaves blue litmus unchanged
  • Turns both blue and red litmus papers purple
  • Has no effect on either blue or red litmus papers
Does sulfur behave in water the same way metals do?
  • Yes, it reacts with water like many metals
  • No, it does not react with water as metals often do
Activity 4.8: Sulfur powder is placed in a glass tumbler and a small amount of water is added. What do you observe?
  • No reaction occurs when sulfur is placed in water
  • Sulfur dissolves readily to form a yellow solution
  • Bubbles of hydrogen gas are produced vigorously
  • A basic solution forms that turns red litmus blue
Which metal is commonly used to make food packaging materials as it is cheaper, and its thin sheets can be folded easily into any shape?
  • Aluminium
  • Copper
  • Iron
  • Gold
Which of the following metal catches fire when it comes in contact with water?
  • Copper
  • Aluminium
  • Zinc
  • Sodium
Aluminium and copper are examples of non-metals used for making utensils and statues.
  • True
  • False
Metals form oxides when combined with oxygen, the solution of which turns blue litmus paper to red.
  • True
  • False
Oxygen is a non-metal essential for respiration.
  • True
  • False
Copper vessels are used for boiling water because they are good conductors of electricity.
  • True
  • False
Why are only a few metals suitable for making jewellery?
  • Because most metals are highly reactive, corrode quickly, and are brittle
  • Because some metals are non-reactive and resist corrosion, and are malleable and ductile
  • Because most metals are dull and cannot be beaten into thin sheets
  • Because only very heavy metals can be shaped into ornaments
Used in electrical wiring — choose the correct jumbled name of the metal/non-metal from the list: ENXYGO, NECOHIRL, PEPORC, TENGOINR, OGDL.
  • ENXYGO
  • NECOHIRL
  • PEPORC
  • TENGOINR
  • OGDL
Most malleable and ductile — choose the correct jumbled name of the metal/non-metal from the list: ENXYGO, NECOHIRL, PEPORC, TENGOINR, OGDL.
  • ENXYGO
  • NECOHIRL
  • PEPORC
  • TENGOINR
  • OGDL
Living organisms cannot survive without it — choose the correct jumbled name of the metal/non-metal from the list: ENXYGO, NECOHIRL, PEPORC, TENGOINR, OGDL.
  • ENXYGO
  • NECOHIRL
  • PEPORC
  • TENGOINR
  • OGDL
Plants grow healthy when fertilisers containing it are added to the soil — choose the correct jumbled name of the metal/non-metal from the list: ENXYGO, NECOHIRL, PEPORC, TENGOINR, OGDL.
  • ENXYGO
  • NECOHIRL
  • PEPORC
  • TENGOINR
  • OGDL
Used in water purification — choose the correct jumbled name of the metal/non-metal from the list: ENXYGO, NECOHIRL, PEPORC, TENGOINR, OGDL.
  • ENXYGO
  • NECOHIRL
  • PEPORC
  • TENGOINR
  • OGDL
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