Maria wrote the following list of electromagnetic waves on the board: radio waves, infrared light, ultraviolet light, gamma rays. Which of the following describes the order in which she listed the electromagnetic waves?
  • from highest to lowest speed
  • from lowest to highest frequency
  • from shortest to longest wavelength
  • from least visible waves to most visible waves
Jasmine constructed the diagram to represent how Earth fits into other structures that make up our universe. Which of the following should Jasmine write on the line to best complete her diagram?
  • asteroid belt
  • Mars
  • Milky Way
  • Proxima Centauri
The diagram demonstrates how a magnifying lens can make a penny appear larger. What property of the magnifying lens is most responsible for allowing it to magnify the penny?
  • It can reflect light.
  • It can refract light.
  • It can increase the intensity of light.
  • It can increase the wavelength of light.
Sunlight is composed of energy that is visible to humans and energy that is not visible to humans. Which statement describes how the visible energy from the Sun is different from the nonvisible energy?
  • It travels at a different speed through space.
  • It travels a different distance through space.
  • It has different wavelengths.
  • It has different amplitudes.
Light travels in the form of waves. The diagram below shows the path of a light wave moving from medium A to medium B. Which of the following occurs when the light wave enters medium B?
  • The light wave stops moving.
  • The light wave's speed changes.
  • The light wave does not change.
  • The light wave changes to a sound wave.
Yellow light and blue light are two examples of electromagnetic radiation from the sun. Which statement correctly compares yellow light and blue light?
  • They travel at different speeds.
  • They have the same wavelength.
  • They are both types of visible light.
  • They are both types of ultraviolet light.
Farsighted people wear eyeglasses that contain convex lenses. The diagram shows light passing through a convex lens. Which of these processes is represented in the diagram?
  • absorption
  • reflection
  • refraction
  • transformation
Sound waves travel at different speeds through different materials. Through which of the following materials do sound waves travel fastest?
  • air
  • milk
  • water
  • wood
Energy travels through space as electromagnetic energy, which includes a range of types. Which type of electromagnetic energy is made up of a spectrum of manydifferent colors?
  • ultraviolet light
  • infrared light
  • visible light
  • X-rays
The illustration shows what happens when light is passed through a prism. What type of light passed through the prism?
  • white light
  • yellow light
  • infrared light
  • ultraviolet light
How is ultraviolet light different from the light emitted by a flashlight?
  • Ultraviolet light is brighter than the light from a flashlight.
  • Only light from a flashlight can travel through a vacuum.
  • Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than the light from a flashlight.
  • Ultraviolet light is invisible to the human eye.
As light passes through the air, some of the light energy is transferred to the particles in the air. What process is occurring with this transfer of energy?
  • absorption
  • reflection
  • refraction
  • transmission
Kareem told his friend about the beautiful rainbow he saw just after a rainstorm. Kareem then explained to his friend how a rainbow forms. What was Kareem’s explanation?
  • The light waves were refracted by moisture in the air and separated into colors.
  • Tiny droplets of water reflected the light waves that struck them.
  • Light traveled faster after the rainstorm because of the moisture in the air.
  • The intensity of light increased as the waves passed through tiny droplets of water.
The image shows light entering water. Which statement explains why light bends when it reaches the surface of the water?
  • Light bends because water changes the amount of energy it carries.
  • Light bends because water absorbs some of the light that reaches it.
  • Light bends because the water reflects some of the light that reaches it.
  • Light bends because water changes its speed when it moves from air into water.
The drawing illustrates a wave in motion. What is the name given to the substance through which a wave travels?
  • a crest
  • a frequency
  • a medium
  • a state
Sound waves can move at different speeds. What can affect the speed at which sound waves travel?
  • the amplitude of sound waves
  • the material through which sound waves travel
  • the distance over which sound waves travel
  • the frequency of sound waves
Look closely at the graph of the speed of sound waves in air and water. What can you conclude from the data on this graph?
  • The speed of sound waves is constant.
  • Sound waves travel faster than light waves.
  • Both air and water transmit sound waves at the same speed.
  • The speed of sound waves depends on the medium through which they travel.
Sound waves travel the fastest through solids. What will slow the speed of a sound wave?
  • a decrease in the distance the sound travels
  • an increase in the distance the sound travels
  • a decrease in the density of the material through which it is passing
  • an increase in the density of the material through which it is passing
Based on what Mia learned, which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
  • red light
  • violet light
  • radio waves
  • infrared light
Based on what Mia learned, which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?
  • ultraviolet light
  • radio waves
  • red light
  • X-rays
Elijah observes a flower and sees that its color is yellow. Which of the following describes why Elijah sees this color of the flower?
  • The flower absorbs and reflects light.
  • The flower absorbs and refracts light.
  • The flower reflects and refracts light.
  • The flower refracts and blocks light.
The table lists the speed of sound, in meters per second (m/s), in seven different materials. Based on the infomiation in the table, which of the following is the best conclusionabout the speed of sound?
  • Sound travels more slowly through liquids than through gases.
  • Sound travels faster through water than through other liquids.
  • Sound travels at about the same speed through all solids.
  • Sound travels faster through solids than through gases.
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