Why do we need a microscope to observe microorganisms?
  • Because they are too bright to look at directly
  • Because they are too small to be seen with the naked eye
  • Because they are dangerous to touch
  • Because they are only found in laboratories
What is the purpose of using a coverslip when observing pond water under a microscope?
  • To make the water taste better
  • To protect the microscope lens and keep the sample flat
  • To heat the sample
  • To color the sample
Suppose you want to observe microorganisms in soil. What is the safest way to collect the soil sample?
  • Use your bare hands to collect the soil
  • Use a beaker and gloves or a spoon to collect moist soil
  • Collect dry soil only
  • Use a plastic bag without any tools
A student observes tiny organisms in pond water using a microscope. What reasoning can the student use to conclude these are microorganisms?
  • The organisms are visible without any tools
  • The organisms are only found in textbooks
  • The organisms are too small to be seen with the naked eye and require magnification
  • The organisms are colorful
What is a soil suspension?
  • A mixture of water and fine particles of soil
  • A mixture of water and sand
  • A mixture of oil and water
  • A mixture of air and water
What is the purpose of using a coverslip when observing a drop of soil suspension under a microscope?
  • To add color to the sample
  • To prevent the sample from drying out and to keep it flat
  • To heat the sample
  • To make the sample heavier
What are microorganisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye also called?
  • Animals
  • Microbes
  • Plants
  • Insects
Which of the following is a characteristic of Amoeba as observed in pond water?
  • Multicellular, moves with legs
  • Single cell, moving, irregular shape
  • Green in color, does not move
  • Fixed shape, does not move
How does Paramecium move from one place to another?
  • By floating on water
  • With the help of specialized structures
  • By crawling
  • By jumping
Why do algae look green?
  • Because of the presence of green pigment
  • Because they reflect blue light
  • Because they are covered in moss
  • Because they are always in sunlight
Suppose you observe a single-celled organism in pond water that moves with the help of specialized structures and is not green. Based on the table, which microorganism is it most likely to be?
  • Algae
  • Amoeba
  • Paramecium
  • Fungi
Which organism present in soil suspension has a branched filament without chlorophyll and a sac-like structure?
  • Bread mould (Fungi)
  • Algae
  • Bacteria
  • Mould (Fungi)
What is the main difference between the structure of bread mould and mould (both fungi) as described in the table?
  • Bread mould has a sac-like structure, while mould has a brush-like structure.
  • Bread mould has chlorophyll, while mould does not.
  • Bread mould is spherical, while mould is rod-shaped.
  • Bread mould has hair-like projections, while mould does not.
Which organism in the table is described as spherical and contains chlorophyll—a green pigment?
  • Algae
  • Bread mould (Fungi)
  • Bacteria
  • Mould (Fungi)
Bacteria in soil suspension can have which of the following shapes?
  • Spherical, comma, spiral, or rod-shaped
  • Only spherical
  • Only rod-shaped
  • Only spiral
Why do microorganisms play an important role in our lives, despite their small size?
  • They are everywhere and can affect plants, animals, and humans.
  • They are only found in soil.
  • They are visible to the naked eye.
  • They do not cause any diseases.
What device is used to observe microorganisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye?
  • Microscope
  • Telescope
  • Magnifying glass
  • Binoculars
Viruses are described as acellular and microscopic. What happens when viruses enter a living cell?
  • They multiply.
  • They disappear.
  • They become visible to the naked eye.
  • They turn into bacteria.
Which of the following statements about viruses is correct?
  • Viruses may infect plants, animals, or bacterial cells and may cause a disease.
  • Viruses are always beneficial to humans.
  • Viruses are visible without a microscope.
  • Viruses contain chlorophyll.
Where can microorganisms be found?
  • Only in water
  • Only in soil
  • Only in air
  • In water, soil, air, and some food items
Why do microorganisms not infect pickles and murabbas?
  • Because they are kept in the fridge
  • Because they are cooked
  • Because high concentration of salt or sugar acts as preservatives
  • Because they are made from fruits
What tool can be used to explore surfaces of leaves, stems, roots, or any other part to see microorganisms?
  • Telescope
  • Magnifying glass
  • Microscope
  • Binoculars
How do microorganisms show diversity?
  • They are all the same size
  • They only live in water
  • They vary in shape, size, and structure
  • They only live inside animals
Some microorganisms can be found in extreme climate conditions. Which of the following is an example of such a place?
  • Desert
  • Hot water springs
  • Forest
  • Ocean
Why do some food items, like lemons or tomatoes, develop a powdery or cotton-like growth when left outside for some time?
  • Because they dry out
  • Because they are infected by microbes
  • Because they are exposed to sunlight
  • Because they are washed
What is the purpose of adding fruit and vegetable peels to a container of soil in Activity 2.7?
  • To make compost
  • To grow plants
  • To clean the soil
  • To observe plant growth
What is manure?
  • A dark-coloured material rich in nutrients that increases soil fertility
  • A type of plant used for decoration
  • A chemical fertilizer used in farming
  • A type of insect found in soil
Which microorganisms help break down plant waste into manure?
  • Fungi and bacteria
  • Insects and worms
  • Birds and mammals
  • Fish and reptiles
Why do gardeners collect dry leaves and plant waste and put them into pits?
  • To make natural manure
  • To feed animals
  • To burn them for heat
  • To use as decorations
What is the process called when microorganisms break down complex substances of fallen leaves into simpler substances?
  • Decomposition
  • Photosynthesis
  • Respiration
  • Germination
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