Traditional practices that help the ecosystem to stay in balance include:
  • Crop rotation
  • Overfishing
  • Deforestation
  • Industrial pollution
Fill in the blank: Arghyam is an ________, generally of water, as a mark of respect or gratitude.
  • offering
  • celebration
  • ritual
  • festival
Human actions such as deforestation, pollution, and overuse of resources result in Nature losing her ability to restore and regenerate. What intervention can help restore Nature’s cycle?
  • Planting trees and reducing pollution
  • Increasing industrial activities
  • Expanding urban areas
  • Using more fossil fuels
A mature tree produces about ____ litres of oxygen per day. (This varies a little depending on the type of tree.)
  • 275
  • 100
  • 500
  • 50
A human being needs about ____ litres of oxygen every day. (This can change based on the type of activity that an individual engages in, their height and weight, and so on.)
  • 350
  • 150
  • 500
  • 1000
What has been the change in their status over time?
  • Their status has improved over time.
  • Their status has remained unchanged over time.
  • Their status has declined over time.
  • Their status has fluctuated unpredictably over time.
Daily use of non-renewable resources can be replaced by renewable substitutes. Which of the following is a correct example of this transition?
  • Using solar panels instead of coal for electricity generation
  • Using plastic bags instead of cloth bags
  • Using gasoline cars instead of electric cars
  • Using natural gas instead of wind energy
Observe the map in Fig. 1.11. Notice the uneven distribution of important minerals. What types of resources are available in your region? How are they distributed?
  • Mineral resources are unevenly distributed across regions.
  • All regions have equal mineral resources.
  • Mineral resources are not found in any region.
  • Mineral resources are only found in coastal regions.
Select any two natural resources. Gather information about their availability across different parts of India. Mark them on a map. What do you observe about their distribution and the types of economic activities connected with them?
  • Natural resources are unevenly distributed across India and are linked to specific economic activities.
  • Natural resources are evenly distributed across India and are not linked to any economic activities.
  • Natural resources are only found in urban areas and are not connected to economic activities.
  • Natural resources are only found in coastal regions and are linked to fishing activities.
Extracting natural resources in those parts can have significant implications for current and future generations. What is a responsible way to use Nature’s gifts?
  • By conserving resources and using them sustainably
  • By extracting as much as possible for economic gain
  • By ignoring environmental impacts
  • By prioritizing short-term benefits over long-term sustainability
Identify an international conflict and discuss its significance in class.
  • The Russia-Ukraine conflict
  • The American Civil War
  • The French Revolution
  • The Indian Independence movement
The different inputs required to enable the use of the natural resources available in different geographical areas include:
  • Technology, skilled labor, capital, and infrastructure
  • Only skilled labor
  • Only capital investment
  • Only government policies
What is biodiversity loss?
  • Increase in the variety of life on Earth
  • The decline in the variety of life on Earth
  • The responsible use of natural resources
  • Restoration of renewable resources
Fill in the blank: Scientists studying the irresponsible treatment of natural resources have warned that it leads to ________ and climate change.
  • biodiversity loss
  • economic growth
  • technological advancement
  • urban development
One consequence of the improper use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides in farming is:
  • Soil and water pollution
  • Increased crop yield
  • Improved soil fertility
  • Enhanced pest resistance
Which traditional practices help in holistic soil management?
  • Use of chemical fertilisers
  • Use of cow dung and other natural fertilisers
  • Single-cropping
  • Wasteful consumption of water
What is one strategy attempted to remedy the depletion of groundwater levels?
  • Increasing chemical fertilisers
  • Water harvesting and rejuvenation of ponds and tanks
  • Extracting more groundwater
  • Ignoring traditional practices
Read the passage 'Overexploitation of groundwater: a caselet from Punjab'. What was Punjab known for during the Green Revolution?
  • High-yielding wheat varieties
  • Self-sufficiency in food
  • Depleted groundwater resources
  • Use of pesticides and fertilisers
Read the passage 'Overexploitation of groundwater: a caselet from Punjab'. In the 1960s, farmers in Punjab shifted to high-yielding varieties of ______ and paddy, which required more water than traditional seeds.
  • wheat
  • maize
  • barley
  • millet
Read the passage 'Overexploitation of groundwater: a caselet from Punjab'. What is one major effect of over-pumping groundwater in Punjab?
  • Increased crop yield
  • Groundwater level has become inaccessible till depths of about 30 metres
  • Improved soil quality
  • Decreased use of pesticides
Read the passage 'Overexploitation of groundwater: a caselet from Punjab'. The chemicals from pesticides and fertilisers have dissolved in the groundwater causing health hazards.
  • True
  • False
These images illustrate which aspect of agricultural practices in Punjab?
  • Use of modern irrigation techniques
  • Cultivation of tea plantations
  • Practice of terrace farming
  • Dependence on rain-fed agriculture
What does 'over-exploited' mean in the context of groundwater?
  • Water is drawn at a sustainable rate
  • Water is drawn at a rate much greater than restoration
  • Water is not used at all
  • Water is restored faster than it is used
According to the passage, food security was ensured for the short term, but what will the long-term consequences require?
  • Time and effort to heal
  • Immediate action to prevent famine
  • Financial investment in technology
  • Reduction in food production
Refer to the Depth to Water Level Map of Punjab State & Chandigarh (June 2022). Which color represents the areas with the deepest water level (more than 40 meters below ground level)?
  • Light Blue
  • Dark Blue
  • Red
  • Dark Red
Based on the map, name two districts in Punjab where the depth to water level is less than 5 meters below ground level.
  • Fazilka, Muktsar
  • Ludhiana, Patiala
  • Amritsar, Jalandhar
  • Bathinda, Sangrur
What is one major environmental impact of cement production?
  • It releases fine dust that enters our lungs and those of animals, damages plants, and causes soil and water pollution.
  • It increases the oxygen content in the atmosphere.
  • It helps in the growth of aquatic plants.
  • It reduces the temperature of the surrounding area.
The Central Pollution Control Board has created guidelines for cement factories to ensure that the pollution is minimised or eliminated.
  • True
  • False
The case of cement: There is a move towards creating alternative materials that reduce pollution. These include the use of traditional materials like stone and mud, new plant-based materials and recycled materials from waste plastic. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an alternative material to cement?
  • Stone
  • Mud
  • Metal
  • Recycled plastic
What material was used to refurbish the Jaisalmer fort?
  • Sandstone
  • Marble
  • Granite
  • Limestone
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