In the context of medieval history, how was the word "Infidel" typically used in India?
  • To describe someone who refuses to provide agricultural labor
  • To describe Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, or Jains
  • To describe foreign rulers who resisted the Delhi Sultanate
  • To describe elite administrators who counterfeited copper coins
Which Turkic-Mongol conqueror attacked Delhi at the end of the 14th century?
  • Babur
  • Timur
  • Sher Shah Suri
  • Ram Singh
The Delhi Sultanate failed to subdue the Eastern Ganga kingdom of Kalinga. Which present-day regions did Kalinga include?
  • Karnataka and Goa
  • Odisha and parts of Bengal and Andhra Pradesh
  • Western Uttar Pradesh and Haryana
  • Assam and Myanmar
King Narasimhadeva I built the Surya temple at Konark partly to commemorate his victories over:
  • The Hoysalas of the south
  • The Portuguese maritime fleet
  • The Delhi Sultanate's governor of Bengal
  • The Rajput clans of Mewar
Around 1330–1336, which group rallied over 75 chieftains to expel the Delhi Sultanate forces from Warangal?
  • The Marathas
  • The Musunuri Nayakas
  • The Ahoms
  • The Sikhs
Who were the Musunuri Nayakas?
  • Assamese naval commanders
  • Rajput royal poets
  • Telugu chieftains
  • Sunni religious scholars
Which southern kingdom fended off several attacks from the Delhi Sultanate and built temples at Belur and Halebidu?
  • The Eastern Gangas
  • The Hoysalas
  • The Ahoms
  • The Marathas
According to folklore, how did the Hoysala dynasty get its name?
  • From an epic poem composed by an ancient Tamil saint
  • From a young man named Sala who fought a lion to save his guru
  • From the word for "musical pillars" found in temples
  • From the title given to lords of elephants
In the mid-14th century, the Bahmani Sultanate fragmented into five independent states collectively known as the:
  • Rajput Territories
  • Deccan Sultanates
  • Sikh Confederacies
  • Subahs
Which of the following was NOT one of the five Deccan Sultanates?
  • Bijapur and Golconda
  • Berar and Ahmednagar
  • Bidar
  • Warangal
Match the class with their title: Narapati (Vijayanagara), Ashwapati (Bahmani), and Chhatrapati (Maratha). What does "pati" mean?
  • Gajapati – Lord of Horses; Ashwapati – Lord of Elephants
  • Narapati – Vijayanagara kings; Ashwapati – Bahmani rulers; Chhatrapati – Maratha rulers
  • Gajapati – Maratha rulers; Chhatrapati – Vijayanagara kings
  • Narapati – Rajput kings; Chhatrapati – Mughal emperors
Which Mewar ruler in the 15th century built the Kumbhalgarh Fort and repelled invasions?
  • Rana Sanga
  • Rana Kumbha
  • Maharana Pratap
  • Hemu
The Kumbhalgarh Fort is famous for which architectural feature?
  • A five-storied palace made entirely of white marble
  • A massive 36-kilometre-long continuous wall
  • Monolithic musical pillars that produce musical notes
  • Subterranean conduits that transport river water
Which two brothers founded the kingdom that became the Vijayanagara Empire?
  • Harihara and Bukka Raya
  • Krishna and Devaraya
  • Rana Kumbha and Rana Sanga
  • Guru Hargobind and Guru Arjan
What incident at Hampi is said to have inspired the location of the Vijayanagara capital?
  • An elephant bowing down to a local priest
  • A hare turning around and chasing a pack of hounds
  • A golden deer vanishing into the rocky terrain
  • A massive wall surviving a lightning bolt
Under which 16th-century ruler did the Vijayanagara Empire reach its peak?
  • Ramaraya
  • Krishnadevaraya
  • Narasimhadeva I
  • Vidyaranya
What is the name of the epic poem composed in Telugu by Krishnadevaraya?
  • Ain-i-Akbari
  • Amuktamalyada
  • Razmnama
  • Baburnama
In which section of his literary work did Krishnadevaraya explain his ideas on good governance?
  • Sulh-i-kul
  • Rajaniti
  • Paik
  • Iqta
The "musical pillars" are a famous feature of which temple in the Vijayanagara capital?
  • Surya Temple
  • Virupaksha Temple
  • Vitthala Temple
  • Sis Ganj Sahib
Why were Portuguese traders treated well by the Vijayanagara kings?
  • They bought all the agricultural textiles
  • They sold precious horses that the king wanted to keep from enemies
  • They brought cheap copper tokens to stabilize the economy
  • They helped translate Sanskrit texts into European languages
Which foreign traveler compared the size and beauty of the Vijayanagara capital to Rome?
  • Abul Fazl
  • Domingo Paes
  • Ram Singh
  • Prince Dara Shikoh
Who led the Vijayanagara forces during their defeat at the Battle of Talikota?
  • Krishnadevaraya
  • Harihara
  • Ramaraya
  • Bukka Raya
Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, was originally from which Central Asian city?
  • Samarkand
  • Kabul
  • Bukhara
  • Tashkent
In 1526, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat using which military elements?
  • Chariots and toxic gas arrows
  • Gunpowder, field artillery, and matchlock guns
  • Guerrilla warfare and riverboat fleets
  • Large armies of war elephants
What is a common historical critique of Babur's character?
  • He was illiterate and despised poetry
  • He was intellectually curious about nature but was also a brutal conqueror
  • He spent his entire treasury constructing the Taj Mahal
  • He voluntarily surrendered his throne to return to Samarkand
Who briefly captured Delhi and ruled as Hemchandra Vikramaditya before the Second Battle of Panipat?
  • Sher Shah Suri
  • Malik Kafur
  • Himu (or Hemu)
  • Durga Das Rathore
Akbar ordered a massive massacre of 30,000 civilians after breaching which Rajput fort?
  • Kumbhalgarh Fort
  • Jodhpur Fort
  • Chittor Fort (or Chittorgarh)
  • Warangal Fort
What was "jauhar" in the context of Rajput history?
  • A court ritual presenting miniature paintings
  • The act of Rajput women jumping into mass fires to avoid capture
  • A tax where peasants paid half of their grain
  • A method of rowing military river boats
What does the doctrine of "sulh-i-kul", promoted by Akbar, literally mean?
  • Conquest by bloodthirsty sword
  • War with the infidels
  • Peace with all or tolerance of all faiths
  • Systematic survey of agricultural yields
Which Sanskrit text was translated into Persian as the "Razmnama" (Book of War)?
  • The Ramayana
  • The Mahabharata
  • The Bhagavad Gita
  • The Panchatantra
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