What cultural-economic initiative is Ahilyabai Holkar credited with in Madhya Pradesh?
  • Establishing Maratha naval dockyards
  • Importing Persian miniature painting
  • Promoting Maheshwar weaving industry
  • Founding Pune universities network
What script did the Marathas primarily use for their official correspondence?
  • Nandinagari cursive form
  • Modi cursive Devanagari
  • Kaithi eastern script
  • Grantha southern script
Support from the Marathas helped revive which pilgrimage worship that had often been interrupted under Mughal rule?
  • Jagannath at Puri
  • Dakshineswar Kali
  • Vaishno Devi in Jammu
  • Tirupati Balaji
Who conquered the Thanjavur region in the late 17th century, initiating Maratha rule there?
  • Ekoji, half-brother of Shivaji
  • Sambhaji, son of Shivaji
  • Maloji, ancestor of Shivaji
  • Shahu, grandson of Shivaji
Which statement best describes the cultural impact of the Thanjavur Marathas?
  • They discouraged temple patronage entirely
  • They created a syncretic culture with innovation
  • They replaced Tamil with Marathi exclusively
  • They focused only on military expansion
Which city is most closely associated with the Holkar dynasty’s rule in central India during the 18th century?
  • Baroda
  • Gwalior
  • Indore
  • Nagpur
Which Thanjavur Maratha ruler is most noted for cultural and scholarly contributions?
  • Tuljaji II
  • Shivaji I
  • Serfoji II
  • Prataprao
Serfoji II wrote a Marathi play titled Devendra Kuravanji. What did it notably describe?
  • World geography in detail
  • Court etiquette and rituals
  • Fort construction methods
  • Naval warfare strategies
During Serfoji II’s time, which musical tradition took clearer shape?
  • Modern Carnatic music
  • Dhrupad court music
  • Sufi qawwali forms
  • Rabindra sangeet style
What service did Dhanwantari Mahal, founded by Serfoji II, primarily provide?
  • Training only for foreign doctors
  • Herbal cures for nobles only
  • Paid care focused on European surgery
  • Free treatment using Indian and Western medicine
Identify Serfoji II’s innovation in knowledge sharing as a native ruler.
  • Devised cotton spinning wheel
  • Minted gold currency
  • Built the first lighthouse
  • Started a printing press
A Marathi inscription recording the Bhonsle family was made on which temple’s wall at Thanjavur?
  • Meenakshi Amman temple
  • Ramanathaswamy temple
  • Venkateswara temple
  • Brihadishwara temple wall
What best describes Thanjavur’s cultural environment under the Marathas?
  • Exclusive promotion of Marathi only
  • Multilingual mix of Tamil, Telugu, Marathi
  • Only Persian for administration
  • Isolation from other regional cultures
Which statement best captures the broader Maratha legacy for India’s future?
  • Inspired self-rule ideals aiding freedom movement
  • Discouraged fort building and local defense
  • Promoted strict religious uniformity across regions
  • Relied solely on European advisors for governance
Which physical features most likely helped Maratha military strategy by providing natural defense and mobility?
  • Dense rainforests and swamps
  • Open deserts with few shrubs
  • High mountains and long coastlines
  • Broad plains with many rivers
A short student biography should include which essential element to show how a leader overcame difficulties?
  • Only birth and death dates
  • List of battles without detail
  • At least one challenge faced
  • Collection of unrelated quotes
Which Maratha site would best be researched for architecture, history, and strategic importance as a hill fort?
  • Raigad Fort in the Sahyadris
  • A generic village temple
  • A coastal fishing jetty
  • A modern city stadium
The claim “The British took India from the Marathas” most directly invites which kind of analysis?
  • Counting coins in a box
  • Drawing a fort from memory
  • Evaluating evidence and causes
  • Memorizing random dates only
Comparing Chhatrapati Shivaji and later Marathas on religion would most likely focus on which theme?
  • Approach to religious diversity
  • Trade in European spices
  • Design of palace gardens
  • Number of infantry units
Why were forts described as the ‘core of the state’ for the Marathas? Choose the best reason.
  • They served as secure bases
  • They increased rainfall
  • They replaced all villages
  • They banned sea travel
When designing a Maratha coin to show achievements and values, which symbol choice fits the goal best?
  • Random animal without meaning
  • Symbol linked to key victories
  • Logo of a modern company
  • Abstract shape with no context
Which group of European traders is explicitly mentioned as conducting trade in early 18th-century India alongside others?
  • Portuguese, English, Dutch, French, Danes
  • Spanish, Italians, Germans, Swiss, Belgians
  • Russians, Austrians, Swedes, Norwegians, Poles
  • Americans, Canadians, Irish, Scots, Welsh
What primary concern does Ramachandrapant Amatya express about the European traders described in 1715?
  • They were intent on expanding territory and spreading religion
  • They lacked ships and relied only on horse cavalry
  • They preferred peaceful trade and avoided any fort building
  • They were restricted to inland markets by local rulers
Raigad Fort is highlighted for which key event related to the Maratha Empire?
  • Birthplace of Peshwa Bajirao I in 1700
  • Site of the last Maratha–British battle in 1818
  • Signing of the Treaty of Surat with the Mughals
  • Coronation of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in 1674
Which region is most closely associated with the origin of the Maratha people?
  • Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh
  • Deccan plateau in Maharashtra
  • Punjab plains near Lahore
  • Coastal delta of Bengal
The primary language identified with the Marathas is
  • Marathi with rich literary history
  • Telugu with royal chronicles
  • Kannada with temple inscriptions
  • Gujarati with maritime heritage
During the 13th century, most of Maharashtra was ruled by which dynasty with Devagiri as its capital?
  • Yadava dynasty at Devagiri
  • Khilji dynasty at Delhi
  • Mughal dynasty at Agra
  • Chola dynasty at Thanjavur
In the 14th century, the Yadava dynasty in Maharashtra was overcome by which power?
  • Gajapati rulers from Cuttack
  • Sultanate of Gujarat from Ahmedabad
  • Vijayanagara Empire from Hampi
  • Khilji Sultanate from Delhi
Between the 7th and 17th centuries, what religious trend spread widely through India?
  • Vedic fire sacrifices
  • Buddhist monastic revival
  • Asceticism emphasizing isolation
  • Bhakti emphasizing devotion
What was a key feature of bhakti practice that helped its messages reach many people?
  • Devotional songs in local languages
  • Exclusive rituals in Sanskrit alone
  • Royal edicts carved on pillars
  • Pilgrimages limited to elites
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