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Mechanical Engineering
Hydraulics And Fluid Mechanics In ME
Quiz 7
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Q.1
A fluid is said to be ideal, if it is
Incompressible
Viscous and incompressible
Inviscous and compressible
Inviscous and incompressible
Q.2
The dynamic viscosity of the liquid __________ with rise in temperature.
Remain unaffected
Increases
Decreases
None of these
Q.3
The dynamic viscosity of gases __________ with rise in temperature.
Remain unaffected
Increases
Decreases
None of these
Q.4
The overall efficiency of a reaction turbine is the ratio of
Power produced by the turbine to the energy actually supplied by the turbine
Actual work available at the turbine to the energy imparted to the wheel
Work-done on the wheel to the energy (or head of water) actually supplied to the turbine
None of the above
Q.5
The Euler's equation for the motion of liquids is based upon the assumption that
The fluid is non - viscous, homogeneous and incompressible
The velocity of flow is uniform over the section
The flow is continuous, steady and along the stream line
All of the above
Q.6
The Bernoulli's equation is based on the assumption that
There is no loss of energy of the liquid flowing
The velocity of flow is uniform across any cross-section of the pipe
No force except gravity acts on the fluid
All of the above
Q.7
The atmospheric pressure at sea level is
103 kN/m
2
10.3 m of water
760 mm of mercury
All of these
Q.8
The line of action of the buoyant force acts through the Centroid of the
Submerged body
Volume of the floating body
Volume of the fluid vertically above the body
Displaced volume of the fluid
Q.9
The loss of head due to viscosity for laminar flow in pipes is (where d = Diameter of pipe, l = Length of pipe, v = Velocity of the liquid in the pipe, μ = Viscosity of the liquid, and w = Specific weight of the flowing liquid)
4μvl/wd²
8μvl/wd²
16μvl/wd²
32μvl/wd²
Q.10
The power transmitted through the pipe is maximum when the head lost due to friction is equal to
One-fourth of the total supply head
One-third of the total supply head
One-half of the total supply head
Two-third of the total supply head
Q.11
The flow which neglects changes in a transverse direction is known as
One dimensional flow
Uniform flow
Steady flow
Turbulent flow
Q.12
If Hg is the gross or total head and hf is the head lost due to friction, then net or effective head (H) is given by
H = Hg/hf
H = Hg × hf
H = Hg + hf
H = Hg - hf
Q.13
A flow in which the volume of a fluid and its density does not change during the flow is called _________ flow.
Incompressible
Compressible
Viscous
None of these
Q.14
Coefficient of velocity is defined as the ratio of
Actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity
Area of jet at vena contracta to the area of orifice
Actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
None of the above
Q.15
Select the correct statement
Local atmospheric pressure depends upon elevation of locality only
Standard atmospheric pressure is the mean local atmospheric pressure a* sea level
Local atmospheric pressure is always below standard atmospheric pressure
A barometer reads the difference between local and standard atmospheric pressure
Q.16
The discharge in an open channel corresponding to critical depth is
Zero
Minimum
Maximum
None of these
Q.17
A channel is said to be of most economical cross-section, if
It gives maximum discharge for a given cross-sectional area and bed slope
It has minimum wetted perimeter
It involves lesser excavation for the designed amount of discharge
All of the above
Q.18
When the coefficient of discharge (Cd) is 0.623, then the general equation for discharge over a rectangular weir is
1.84(L - 0.1nH)H
3/2
1.84(L - nH)H
2
1.84(L - 0.1nH)H
5/2
1.84(L - nH)H
3
Q.19
The length AB of a pipe ABC in which the liquid is flowing has diameter (d1) and is suddenly contracted to diameter (d2) at B which is constant for the length BC. The loss of head due to sudden contraction, assuming coefficient of contraction as 0.62, is
v₁²/2g
v₂²/2g
0.5 v₁²/2g
0.375 v₂²/2g
Q.20
The discharge through a channel of circular section will be maximum when the depth of water is __________ the diameter of the circular channel.
0.34 times
0.67 times
0.81 times
0.95 times
Q.21
The discharge over a rectangular weir, considering the velocity of approach, is (whereH1 = H + Ha = Total height of water above the weir, H = Height of water over the crest of the weir, and Ha = Height of water due to velocity of approach)
(2/3) Cd × L.√2g [H1 - Ha]
(2/3) Cd × L. √2g [H13/2 - Ha3/2]
(2/3) Cd × L.√2g [H12 - Ha2]
(2/3) Cd × L. √2g [H15/2 - Ha5/2]
Q.22
A liquid compressed in cylinder has a volume of 0.04 m3 at 50 kg/cm² and a volume of 0.039 m3 at 150 kg/cm². The bulk modulus of elasticity of liquid is
400 kg/cm²
4000 kg/cm²
40 × 10⁵ kg/cm²
40 × 10⁶ kg/cm²
Q.23
The total energy of each particle at various places in the case of perfect incompressible fluid flowing in continuous stream
Keeps on increasing
Keeps on decreasing
Remain constant
May increase/decrease
Q.24
Select the correct statement
Weber's number is the ratio of inertia force to elastic force
Weber's number is the ratio of gravity force to surface tension force
Weber's number is the ratio of viscous force to pressure force
Weber's number is the ratio of inertia force to surface tension force
Q.25
Specific speed for reaction turbines ranges from
0 to 4.5
10 to 100
80 to 200
250 to 300
Q.26
Resultant pressure of the liquid in the case of an immersed body acts through
Centre of gravity
Centre of pressure
Metacentre
Centre of buoyancy
Q.27
Buoyant force is
The resultant force acting on a floating body
The resultant force on a body due to the fluid surrounding it
Equal to the volume of liquid displaced
The force necessary to maintain equilibrium of a submerged body
Q.28
The ratio of the inertia force to the elastic force is called
Reynold's number
Froude's number
Weber's number
Mach number
Q.29
The most economical section of a rectangular channel is one which has hydraulic mean depth or hydraulic radius equal to
Half the depth
Half the breadth
Twice the depth
Twice the breadth
Q.30
Mercury is often used in barometer because
It is the best liquid
The height of barometer will be less
Its vapour pressure is so low that it may be neglected
Both (B) and (C)
Q.31
A compound pipe is required to be replaced by a new pipe. The two pipes are said to be equivalent, if
Length of both the pipes is same
Diameter of both the pipes is same
Loss of head and discharge of both the pipes is same
Loss of head and velocity of flow in both the pipes is same
Q.32
For a floating body to be in equilibrium
Meta centre should be above e.g.
Centre of buoyancy and e.g. must lie on same vertical plane
A righting couple should be formed
All of the above
Q.33
The specific speed of a hydraulic turbine depends upon
Speed and power developed
Discharge and power developed
Speed and head of water
Speed, power developed and head of water
Q.34
The runaway speed of a hydraulic turbine is the speed
At full load
At which there will be no damage to the runner
Corresponding to maximum overload permissible
At which the turbine will run freely without load
Q.35
Which of the following statement is wrong?
A flow whose streamline is represented by a curve is called two dimensional flow.
The total energy of a liquid particle is the sum of potential energy, kinetic energy and pressure energy.
The length of divergent portion in a Venturimeter is equal to the convergent portion.
A pitot tube is used to measure the velocity of flow at the required point in a pipe.
Q.36
Which of the following statement is wrong?
The reaction turbines are used for low head and high discharge
The angle of taper on draft tube is less than 8°
An impulse turbine is generally fitted slightly above the tail race
A Francis turbine is an impulse turbine
Q.37
An open vessel of water is accelerated up an inclined plane. The free water surface will
Be horizontal
Make an angle in direction of inclination of inclined plane
Make an angle in opposite direction to inclination of inclined plane
Any one of above is possible
Q.38
The velocity through a channel of circular section will be maximum when the depth of water is __________ the diameter of the circular channel.
0.34 times
0.67 times
0.81 times
0.95 times
Q.39
The specific weight of sea water is __________ that of pure water.
Same as
Less than
More than
None of these
Q.40
When a body is immersed wholly or partially in a liquid, it is lifted up by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced by the body. This statement is called
Pascal’s law
Archimedes’s principle
Principle of flotation
Bernoulli’s theorem
Q.41
For a perfect incompressible liquid, flowing in a continuous stream, the total energy of a particle remains the same, while the particle moves from one point to another. This statement is called
Continuity equation
Bernoulli’s equation
Pascal’s law
Archimedes’s principle
Q.42
The force exerted by a moving fluid on an immersed body is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum due to the presence of the body. This statement is called
Newton's law of motion
Newton's law of cooling
Newton's law of viscosity
Newton's law of resistance
Q.43
A moving fluid mass may be brought to a static equilibrium position, by applying an imaginary inertia force of the same magnitude as that of the accelerating force but in the opposite direction. This statement is called
Pascal’s law
Archimedes’s principle
D-Alembert’s principle
None of these
Q.44
According to fan laws, at constant weight of air or gas, the speed, capacity and pressure vary
Directly as the air or gas density
Inversely as square root of density
Inversely as density
As square of density
Q.45
For centrifugal pump impeller, the maximum value of the vane exit angle is
10° to 15°
15° to 20°
20° to 25°
25° to 30°
Q.46
A hemispherical tank of radius (R) has an orifice of cross-sectional area (a) at its bottom and is full of liquid. The time required to empty the tank completely is
14π R1/2/15Cd × a √(2g)
14π R3/2/15Cd × a √(2g)
14π R5/2/15Cd × a √(2g)
14π R7/2/15Cd × a √(2g)
Q.47
Choose the wrong statement. Alcohol is used in manometer, because
Its vapour pressure is low
It provides suitable meniscus for the inclined tube
Its density is less
It provides longer length for a given pressure difference
Q.48
Alcohol is used in manometers because
It has low vapour pressure
It is clearly visible
It has low surface tension
It can provide longer column due to low density
Q.49
Pressure of the order of 10" torr can be measured by
Bourdon tube
Pirani Gauge
Micro-manometer
Ionisation gauge
Q.50
The most economical section of a trapezoidal channel is one which has hydraulic mean depth equal to
1/2 × depth
1/2 × breadth
1/2 × sloping side
1/4 × (depth + breadth)
0 h : 0 m : 1 s
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