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NEET Biology MCQ
Biodiversity And Its Conservation Mcq
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Q.1
Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity? [NEET 2020]
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a) Himalayas
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b) Amazon forests
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c) Western Ghats of India
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d) Madagascar
Explanation
There is little biodiversity at the poles. It increases in temperate areas but reaches the maximum in tropical rain forests. It is because the tropical rain forest have favourable, conditions with no catastrophes. The Amazon rainforest, alternatively, the Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. Answer:(b)
Q.2
In India red list of plant species is prepared by .... .... [D.P.M.T. 2007]
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a) Botanical Survey of India
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b) Forest Department of India
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c) Census Department of India
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d) Geological Survey of India
Explanation
The Botanical Survey of India has published four volumes of Red Data Book of Indian Plants, (Eds. Jain & Rao, 1984; Nayar & Sastry 1987 – 1990) and Red List of Threatened Vascular Plant Species in India Answer : (a)
Q.3
Which animal should be protected? ..... ..... [J.I.P.M.E.R. 1993]
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a) Harmless
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b) Economically useful
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c) Likely to perish
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d) Ferocious
Explanation
Animal or plant species which are endangered or threatened (organisms facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future), needs urgent measures to save it from extinction. Answer : (c)
Q.4
Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity? [ NEET 2019] Sol. Botanical garden - ex - situ conservation (offsite conservation) i.e. living plants (flora) are conserved in human managed system. .... .... [C.B.S.E.2007]
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a) Biosphere Reserve
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b) Wildlife Sanctuary
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c) Botanical Garden
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d) Sacred Grove
Explanation
In-situ conservation aims to enable biodiversity to maintain itself within the context of the ecosystem in which it is found. In-situ management approaches can either be targeted at populations of selected species (species-centred) or whole ecosystems (ecosystem-based) Wildlife and livestock conservation involve in-situ conservation. It can be used to conserve crops and their wild relatives. Examples include national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biospheres reserve Ex-situ conservation is the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. Example botanical garden. Answer : (c)
Q.5
All of the following are included in ‘Ex-situ conservation’ except [NEET 2018]
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a) Botanical gardens
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b) Sacred groves
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c) Wildlife safari parks
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d) Seed banks
Explanation
There are two types of conservation strategies: 1) In-situ conservation which includes identifying hotspots, forming protected areas, national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserve. 2) Ex-situ conservation includes offsite collections, gene bank. Gene bank are institutes that maintain stocks of viable seeds ( seed banks), live growing plants ( orchid), tissue culture and frozen germplasm with the whole range of genetic variability. Zoological parks,botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks serve this purpose. Answer : (b)
Q.6
According to Robert May, the global species diversity is about ... ..[NEET 2020]
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a) 50 million
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b) 7 million
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c) 1.5 million
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d) 20 million
Explanation
Some extreme estimates range from 20 to 50 million, but a more conservative and scientifically sound estimate made by Robert May places the global species diversity at about 7 million. Answer : (b)
Q.7
Which one is endangered member of flora .... ..... [B.H.U. 2003]
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a) Drosera indica
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b) One horned rhino
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c) Flying squirrel
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d) None
Explanation
Drosera indica is the scientific name for sundew which is found mostly in the tropical countries throughout the world. It is an insectivorous plant and it is categorised as endangered flora by the IUCN. Answer : (a)
Q.8
A plant endemic to India is .... .... M.H.T.C.E.T. 2009
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a) Banyan
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b) Ginkgo
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c) Sequoia
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d) Triticum
Explanation
Endemic species are those plants and animals that exist only in one geographical region. Banyan is an endemic species of India. Answer:(a)
Q.9
Siberian Crane is regular visitor of bird sanctuary .... .... [K.C.E.T.1996]
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a) Ranganathittu (Karnataka)
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b) Bharatpur (Rajasthan)
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c) Vedanthangal (T.N)
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d) Lalbagh (Karnataka)
Explanation
The Keoladeo national park previously known as the Bharatpur national park is located in district Bharatpur of Rajasthan. Every year, Siberian cranes are regular visitors of this park. Answer : (b)
Q.10
Sacred groves are useful in ..... .... [C.B.S.E 2012]
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a) Conserving rare and threatened species
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b) Generating environmental awareness
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c) Year round flow of water in rivers
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d) Preventing soil erosion
Explanation
India has also a history of religious and cultural traditions that emphasised protection of nature. In many cultures, tracts of forest were set aside, and all the trees and wildlife within were venerated and given total protection. Such sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan, Western Ghat regions of Karnataka and Maharashtra and the Sarguja, Chanda and Bastar areas of Madhya Pradesh. In Meghalaya, the sacred groves are the last refuges for a large number of rare and threatened plants. Answer : (a)
Q.11
Species very near to extinction, if conservation measures are not promptly taken is .... .... [B.H.U. 2003]
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a) Threatened species
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b) Rare species
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c) Endangered species
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d) Vulnerable species
Explanation
Threatened species are any species which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. A rare species is a group of organisms that are very uncommon, scarce, or infrequently encountered. An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. A vulnerable species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature that is threatened with extinction unless the circumstances that are threatening its survival and reproduction improve. Answer : (c)
Q.12
Brow Antlered Deer is found in .... .... [C.E.T. Chd 2011]
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a) Kaziranga National Park
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b) Corbett National Park
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c) Keibul Lamjao National Park
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d) Bandipur National Park
Explanation
Brown Antlered deer also known as the sangai deer is found in an isolated population of 260 deer in a small protected area, the Keibul Lamjao National Park, comprising of floating biomass and water body in the southern part of the Loktak Lake in Manipur. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Which one is a biosphere reserve .... ..... [C.O.M.E.D.-K’s 2007]
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a) Dandeli
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b) Nilgiris
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c) Thekkady
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d) Agumbe
Explanation
Biosphere reserves in india are: (1)Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka (2)Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu (3) Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve, West Bengal (4) Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Uttarakhand (5) Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Meghalaya (6) Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh (7) Simlipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha (8) Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve, Andaman & Nicobar Islands (9) Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh (10) Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (11) Khangchendzonga National Park, Sikkim (12)Panna Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh Answer:(b)
Q.14
ASSERTION: Tropical rain forests are disappearing fast from developing countries such as India REASON: No value is attached to these forests because these are poor in diversity ..... ..... [A.I.I.M.S. 2007]
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
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b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
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c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
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d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Tropical rainforests are increasingly disappearing from developing nations like India. The explanation is because deforestation, poaching, building, mining, etc. Assertion is true. Tropical forest have rich species diversity. A forest in a tropical region like Equador has up to 10 times as many species of vascular plants as a forest of equal area in a temperate region like the Midwest of the USA. Reason is false. Answer : (c)
Q.15
Which one of the following is a pair of endangered species .... ..... [A.I.I.M.S. 2004]
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a) Hornbill and Indian Aconite
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b) Indian Peacock and Carrot grass
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c) Garden lizard and Mexican poppy
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d) Rhesus monkey and Sal trees
Explanation
Hornbill and Indian aconite is a pair of endangered species which are low in population number and are considered as the danger of becoming extinct. They have been characterized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list as they are likely to become extinct. Answer : (a)
Q.16
Arrange in ascending order on the basis of numbers in WorldBiosphere reservesHotspotsNational ParkWildlife sanctuaries .... .... [H.P.P.M.T. 2012]
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a) 2 → 1 → 3 → 4
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b) 2 → 3 → 4 → 1
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c) 1→ 2 → 3 → 4
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d) 4 → 3 → 2 → 1
Explanation
Wildlife sanctuaries - greater than 50000 Biosphere reserves - 710 Natinonal park - 3044 Hot spots - 34 Answer : (a)
Q.17
The organization which has published 'Red Data Book' is .... ..... [Wardha 2011]
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a) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource
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b) National Environmental Engineering Research Institute
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c) National Wildlife Action Plan
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d) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
Explanation
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2004) documents the extinction of 784 species (including 338 vertebrates, 359 invertebrates and 87 plants) in the last 500 years Answer : (a)
Q.18
Which National Park is the new home Indian one-horned rhino .... .... [A.M.U. 2009]
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a) Kanha
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b) Dudhwa
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c) Corbett
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d) Bandhavgarh
Explanation
Dudhwa National Park is famous for conserving Indian one-horned rhinoceros. It is located in Uttar Pradesh. park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park Answer : (b)
Q.19
National Park associated with Rhinoceros is ..... .... [C.B.S.E.1994]
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a) Kaziranga
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b) Ranthambore
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c) Corbett
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d) Valley of Flowers
Explanation
The Indian state of Assam is home to the largest population of greater-one horned rhinos, with more than 90% in Kaziranga National Park. Answer:(a)
Q.20
A plant yielding both oil and fibre is .... ..... [M.P.P.M.T. 2012]
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a) Helianthus annuus
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b) Brassica campestris
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c) Cocos nucifera
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d) Corchorus capsularis
Explanation
Helianthus annuus, the common sunflower, is a large annual forb of the genus Helianthus grown as a crop for its edible oil and edible fruits. Brassica campestris is field mustard. oil is extracted from it. Oil and fiber is obtained from Cocos nucifera. Oil is used fro cooking and in cosmetic and haircare industry. Fibers from coconut is used as car seat stuffing, it act as raw material for carpeting and also used as fertilizer. Corchorus capsularis, commonly known as white jute, is a shrub species in the family Malvaceae. It is one of the sources of jute fibre, considered to be of finer quality than fibre from Corchorus olitorius, the main source of jute. Answer:(c)
Q.21
Dhudhwa National Park is located in .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.1998]
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a) Gujarat
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b) U.P
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c) Rajasthan
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d) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation
The Dudhwa National Park is a national park in the Terai belt of marshy grasslands in northern Uttar Pradesh, India. It stretches over an area of 490.3 km², with a buffer zone of 190 km². It is part of the Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in the Kheri and Lakhimpur districts. Answer : (b)
Q.22
Which one is not observed in biodiversity hotspot .... .... [C.B.S.E. 2008]
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a) Less interspecific competition
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b) Species richness
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c) Endemism
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d) Accelerated species loss
Explanation
Hot spots are areas that are extremely rich in species diversity, have high endemism and are under constant threat. The key criteria for determining a hot spot are a number of endemic species, and degree of threat, which is measured in terms of habitat globally with an approximate area of 1.4%. Among the 25 hot spots, 2 are found in India, ie, Western Ghat and Eastern Himalayas. These areas are particularly rich in floral wealth and endemism not only in flowering plants but also in reptiles, amphibians, swallow-tailed butterflies and some mammals. Answer : (a)
Q.23
Sacred grooves are found in .... ... [C.E.T. Chd 2011]
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a) Meghalaya
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b) Punjab
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c) Jammu and Kashmir
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d) Bihar
Explanation
In many cultures, tracts of forest were set aside, and all the trees and wildlife within were venerated and given total protection. Such sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan, Western Ghat regions of Karnataka and Maharashtra and the Sarguja, Chanda and Bastar areas of Madhya Pradesh. In Meghalaya, the sacred groves are the last refuges for a large number of rare and threatened plants. Answer : (a)
Q.24
Biodiversity act of India was passed by Parliament in .... .....[C.B.S.E. 2005]
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a) 1992
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b) 1996
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c) 2000
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d) 2002
Explanation
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is an Act enacted by the Parliament of India for the preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. Answer : (d)
Q.25
"Central Wildlife Board" was established in .... .... [M.P.P.M.T. 2010]
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a) 1970
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b) 1968
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c) 1955
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d) 1951
Explanation
Central Wildlife Board' was established in 1951. Indian Board for Wildlife is a statutory organization constituted by the Ministry of environment, forests and wildlife, Government of India in 1952. Theoretically, the board is 'advisory' in nature. Answer : (d)
Q.26
Number of plant species estimated to be present in India is .... ..... [D.P.M.T. 2003]
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a) 40,000
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b) 45,000
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c) 58,000
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d) 80,000
Explanation
India is one of the richest countries when it comes to the diversity of plant species. Around 45,000 plant species are estimated to be present in India. Answer : (b)
Q.27
Which of the following is included in those species which are likely to become extinct .... .... [Guj.C.E.T. 2010]
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a) Endangered species
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b) Critically endangered species
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c) Vulnerable
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d) All
Explanation
Threatened species are any species which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Answer : (d)
Q.28
Wildlife is conserved .... .... [Pb P.M.T. 2000]
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a) In situ
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b) Ex situ
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c) Both A and B
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d) Selective hunting of predators
Explanation
Our country’s in situ conservation efforts are reflected in its 14 biosphere reserves, 90 national parks, > 450 wildlife sanctuaries and many sacred groves. Ex situ conservation methods include protective maintenance of threatened species in zoological parks, wildlife safari park and botanical gardens, in vitro fertilisation, tissue culture propagation and cryopreservation of gametes. Answer : (c)
Q.29
Which one is referred as "lungs of planet earth" ..... ..... [Kerala 2011]
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a) Western Ghats
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b) Lake victoria
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c) Greenland
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d) Amazon rain forests
Explanation
Amazon rain forest is so huge that it used to cover 14% of earth's land mass. Due to this massive coverage, it is called as 'lungs of the planet'. Answer : (d)
Q.30
Which one has the largest species variety in India .... ..... [A.I.I.M.S. 2012]
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a) Potato
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b) Maize
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c) Wheat
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d) Rice
Explanation
India has more than 50,000 genetically different strains of rice, and 1,000 varieties of mango Answer : (d)
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