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NEET Biology MCQ
Biodiversity And Its Conservation Mcq
Quiz 2
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Q.1
Chipko movement was launched for protection of ... .... [C.B.S.E 2009]
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a) Wetlands
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b) Forest
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c) Grasslands
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d) Livestock
Explanation
Chipko movement, also called Chipko andolan, nonviolent social and ecological movement by rural villagers, particularly women, in India in the 1970s, aimed at protecting trees and forests slated for government-backed logging. Answer : (b)
Q.2
Which plant and animal represent endangered organisms in India .... ..... [C.B.S.E. 2006]
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a) Banyan and Black Buck
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b) Tamarind and Rhesus Monkey
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c) Cinchona and Leopard
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d) Bentinckia nicobarica and Red Panda
Explanation
Bentinckia nicobarica is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae found to occur in the Nicobar group of islands in the Bay of Bengal. It is an endemic palm occurring in Great Nicobar, Katchal, Nancowry and Car Nicobar Islands. It is an endangered species according to IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2016 with Red List Category & Criteria as C2a (ver 2.3). Living specimens of this taxon are conserved at the Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah and at the Field Gene Bank of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram in India. The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), also known as the lesser panda, is a small mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China. The species has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2015. It is protected in all range countries. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Which is an endemic plants .... .... [M.P.P.M.T. 2012]
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a) Nepenthes khasiana
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b) Riccia discolor
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c) Vernonia cinerea
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d) Cynodon dactylon
Explanation
India's only known pitcher plant species Nepenthes khasiana Hook. f., is an evergreen shrub considered endemic to Meghalaya. All the other species is found worldwide. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Similipal is .... .... [Odisha 2004]
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a) Sanctuary
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b) Biosphere reserve
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c) National Park
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d) Zoo
Explanation
Biosphere reserves in india are: (1)Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka (2)Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu (3) Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve, West Bengal (4) Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Uttarakhand (5) Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Meghalaya (6) Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh (7) Simlipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha (8) Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve, Andaman & Nicobar Islands (9) Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh (10) Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (11) Khangchendzonga National Park, Sikkim (12)Panna Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh Answer : (b)
Q.5
'Evil quartet' is related to .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.2011]
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a) Loss of biodiversity
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b) Loss of alien species
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c) Loss of standing crops
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d) Loss of climax community
Explanation
There are four major causes of biodiversity losses. These are called as 'evil quartet'. They are : (i) Habitat loss and fragmentation (ii) Over-exploitation (iii) Alien species invasions (iv) Co-extinctions Answer : (a)
Q.6
Dachigam sanctuary is associated with conservation of ... ..... [Har P.M.T. 2000]
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a) Hangul/Kashmir stag
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b) Rhino
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c) Barking deer
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d) Both B and C
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.7
Which one is not endangered of .... ..... [M.H.T.C.E.T. 2009]
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a) Bald Eagle
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b) Giant Panda
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c) Podophyllum
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d) Margosa
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.8
A large undisturbed area where wildlife protected in its natural habitat is ..... .... C.O.M.E.D.-K’s 2011
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a) Biosphere reserve
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b) National Park
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c) Sacred landscape
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d) Wildlife sanctuary
Explanation
The Indian government has established 18 biosphere reserves to protect larger areas of natural habitat than a typical national park or animal sanctuary, and that often include one or more national parks or reserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Answer : (a)
Q.9
World Wildlife Week is observed during .... .... [Kerala 2002]
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a) First week of October
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b) Last week of October
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c) Third week of October
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d) Last week of September
Explanation
Every year, from 2nd to 8th October, i.e., first week of October, India celebrates Wildlife Week with an aim to protect the preserve country's fauna. During this week, experts conduct workshops to make people understand the importance of wildlife conservation. Answer : (a)
Q.10
The relation between species richness and area is correctly depicted by .... .... [Kerala 2012]
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a) log S = log C - Z log A
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b) log S = Z log A
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c) log S = log C + Zlog A
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d) log S = log C
Explanation
German naturalist and geographer Alexander von Humboldt observed that within a region species richness increased with increasing explored area, but only up to a limit. The relation can be described in the following equation: log S = log C + Z log A where, S= Species richness, A= Area, Z = slope of the line (regression coefficient) C = Y-intercept Answer : (c)
Q.11
Gene bank is collection of .... ..... [Wardha 2011]
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a) Frozen germplasm
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b) Spores
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c) Seeds
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d) All
Explanation
Gene banks are a type of biorepository that preserves genetic material. They are institutes that maintain stocks of viable seeds ( seed banks), live growing plants (orchid), tissue culture and frozen germplasm with the whole range of genetic variability. Answer : (d)
Q.12
Which pair of geographical area shows maximum diversity in our country? .... .... [A.I.I.M.S. 2005]
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a) Sundarbans and Rann of Kutch
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b) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
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c) Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats
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d) Kerala and Punjab
Explanation
The most biodiversity rich region is Western ghat, followed by North-eastern himalayan hills. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Most of the endangered species are victims of .... .... [K.C.E.T. 2009]
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a) Acid rain
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b) Competition with introduced species
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c) Habitat destruction
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d) Over-hunting
Explanation
Habitat loss and fragmentation: This is the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction. Besides total loss, the degradation of many habitats by pollution also threatens the survival of many species. When large habitats are broken up into small fragments due to various human activities, mammals and birds requiring large territories and certain animals with migratory habits are badly affected, leading to population declines. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Diversity of habitats over the total geographical area is .... .... [Kerala 2007]
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a) Alpha diversity
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b) Beta diversity
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c) Delta diversity
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d) Gamma diversity
Explanation
Gamma diversity: It is diversity presents in ranges of communities as represented by diversity of habitats/ ecosystems over a total landscape geographical area. Answer : (d)
Q.15
A new approach to conservation is establishment of .... .... [Odisha 2007]
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a) Reserve forests
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b) National Parks
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c) Sanctuaries
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d) Biosphere reserves
Explanation
They are multipurpose protected areas which are meant for preserving genetic diversity in representative ecosystems of various natural biomes and unique biological communities by protecting wild populations, traditional life style of tribal and domesticated plant ( animals genetic resources). Creation of biosphere reserve was initiated in 1975 under MAB programme of UNESCO. Till 2002, 408 biosphere reserves had been established in 94 countries. Answer : (d)
Q.16
Which region is rich in species diversity .... ..... [H.P.P.M.T. 2012]
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a) North Pole
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b)Temperate region
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c) South Pole
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d) Tropical region
Explanation
Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles. With very few exceptions, tropics (latitudinal range of 23.5° N to 23.5° S) harbour more species than temperate or polar areas. Answer : (d)
Q.17
Which one is matching sanctuary? .... .... [C.B.S.E.1995]
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a) Gir - Lion
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b) Kaziranga - Musk deer
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c) Sundarbans - Rhino
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d) N.E Himalayan region – Sambar
Explanation
Sambhar Lake Wildlife Sanctuary: Sambhar is India's largest saline lake, 190 sq km in extent at full capacity, and lays some 60 km west of Jaipur, just outside prosaically named Salt Lake City. The Sundarbans National Park is a national park, tiger reserve and biosphere reserve in West Bengal, India. It is part of the Sundarbans on the Ganges Delta and adjacent to the Sundarban Reserve Forest in Bangladesh. The delta is densely covered by mangrove forests, and is one of the largest reserves for the Bengal tiger. Kaziranga National Park, a world heritage site is famous for the Great Indian one horned rhinoceros, the landscape of Kaziranga is of sheer forest, tall elephant grass, rugged reeds, marshes & shallow pools. It has been declared as National Park in 1974. The Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary are one of the most significant national parks in India that provides shelter to the Asiatic Lions. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Correct statement about wildlife conservation are a. Maintaining ecological processes b. Enriching Wildlife diversity with exotic species c. Preventing migration of species d. Maintaining diversity of life E.A.M.C.E.T. 2008
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a) a, b
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b) b, c
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c) c,d
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d) a, d
Explanation
Wildlife conservation is necessary for lot of reasons i) Balance of nature ii) Commercial value of wildlife: We have a rich variety of wild life. iii) Biological studies : Naturalists and behavior biologists can study the ecology, physiology and behavior of wildlife in their natural habitats, thus contributing to our knowledge of biology All these reasons are aimed at increasing diversity in wild. Answer : (d)
Q.19
New approach to conservation is establishment of .... .... [K.C.E.T. 1999]
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a) Reserve forests
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b) Sanctuaries
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c) Biosphere reserves
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d) National Park
Explanation
They are multipurpose protected areas which are meant for preserving genetic diversity in representative ecosystems of various natural biomes and unique biological communities by protecting wild populations, traditional life style of tribal and domesticated plant ( animals genetic resources). Creation of biosphere reserve was initiated in 1975 under MAB programme of UNESCO. Till 2002, 408 biosphere reserves had been established in 94 countries. Answer : (c)
Q.20
Which one is odd combination of habitat and particular animal .... .... [C.B.S.E 2007]
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a) Sunderbans - Bengal Tiger
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b) Periyar - Elephant
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c) Rann of Kutch - Wild ass
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d) Dachigam National Park - Snow Leopard
Explanation
Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir known for the conservation of hangul, or the Kashmir stag, is also home to the elusive snow leopard, marten, ibex, musk deer and other animals characteristic of the Himalayas, and it's minimum elevation is 5,499 ft Snow leopards are found at altitudes between 9,800 and 17,000 feet in the high, rugged mountains of Central Asia. Answer : (d)
Q.21
Which is critically endangered animals species .... .... [Kerala 2006]
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a) Antilope cervicapra
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b) Ailurus fulgens
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c) Sus salvanius
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d) Hyla
Explanation
Sus salvanius, commonly known as 'The pygmy hog' is a suid native to alluvial grasslands in the foothills of the Himalayas at elevations of up to 300 m. Today, the only known population lives in Assam, India and possibly southern Bhutan. As the population is estimated at less than 250 mature individuals, it is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Answer:(c)
Q.22
Which one is correctly matched? ..... .... [C.B.S.E. 2006]
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a) Rhinoceros - Kaziranga National Park
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b) Great Indian Bustard - Keoladeo National Park
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c) Lion - Corbett National Park
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d) Wild Ass - Dudhwa National Park
Explanation
Kaziranga National Park ,a world heritage site is famous for the Great Indian one horned rhinoceros Keoladeo National Park, located in the State of Rajasthan, is an important wintering ground of Palaearctic migratory waterfowl and is renowned for its large congregation of non-migratory resident breeding birds. Jim Corbett National Park is a forested wildlife sanctuary in northern India’s Uttarakhand State. Rich in flora and fauna, it’s known for its Bengal tigers. Major attractions of Dudhwa National Park are the tigers (population 58 in 2014) and swamp deer (population over 1,600). Answer : (a)
Q.23
Biosphere reserves are being threatened with ..... .... [C.B.S.E. 2000]
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a) Pollution
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b) Population growth
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c) Rains
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d) All
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.24
A hot spot in India is .... .... [D.P.M.T. 2008]
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a) Tropical Andes
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b) Madagascar
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c) Western Himalayas
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d) Mesoamerica
Explanation
Hot spots are areas with high density of biodiversity or megadiversity which are also the most threatened ones. India has three hot-spots : (i)Indo Burma, (ii)Himalayas and (iii)Western ghats-srilanka. India is even otherwise a country of mega biodiversity with 2.4% of land area and having 8.1% of global diversity Answer : (c)
Q.25
Which is the best method of germplasm conservation .... .... [A.I.I.M.S 2011]
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a) Botanical garden
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b) Seed bank
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c) Herbarium
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d) Zoological park
Explanation
Germplasm conservation is the most successful method to conserve the genetic traits of endangered and commercially valuable species. Seed banks are the best method of germplasm conservation. Endangered plants are preserved in seed banks which are also called germplasm banks. Answer : (b)
Q.26
"Project Tiger" in India was launch in .... ..... [M.P.P.M.T. 2010]
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a) 1968
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b) 1973
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c) 1975
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d) 1989
Explanation
Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by the Government of India. Project Tiger has been successful in increasing the population of the tigers. The number has increased from 1200 to around 5000. Answer:(b)
Q.27
Which is not included under in situ conservation .... .... [B.H.U. 2012]
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a) National Park
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b) Sanctuary
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c) Biosphere reserve
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d) Zoological garden
Explanation
Biodiversity conservation may be in situ as well as ex situ. In in-situ conservation, the endangered species are protected in their natural habitat so that the entire ecosystem is protected. In-situ conservation efforts are reflected in biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and many sacred groves. Ex situ conservation methods include protective maintenance of threatened species in zoological parks and botanical gardens, in vitro fertilisation, tissue culture propagation and cryopreservation of gametes. Answer : (d)
Q.28
The taxon likely to join the category of endangered category in near future is .... .... [Kerala 2003]
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a) Extinct
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b) Rare
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c) Vulnerable
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d) Living fossil
Explanation
A vulnerable species is a species which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature that is threatened with extinction unless the circumstances that are threatening its survival and reproduction improve. Answer:(c)
Q.29
A collection of plants and seeds having diverse .... ..... [C.B.S.E. 2011]
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a) Gene library
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b) Genome
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c) Herbarium
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d) Germplasm
Explanation
Germplasm are living genetic resources such as seeds or tissues that are maintained for the purpose of animal and plant breeding, preservation, and other research uses Answer : (d)
Q.30
Silent valley having rare plants and animals is located in .... ..... [M.P.P.M.T.2004]
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a) Kerala
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b) K.C.E.T
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c) Jammu and Kashmir
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d) Andhra Pradesh
Explanation
Silent Valley National Park is a national park in Kerala, India. It is located in the Nilgiri hills, has a core area of 89.52 km², which is surrounded by a buffer zone of 148 km². This national park has some rare species of flora and fauna. This area was explored in 1847 by the botanist Robert Wight. Answer : (a)
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