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Body Fluids And Circulation Mcq
Quiz 15
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Q.1
MALT constitutes about ___________ percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body. ….[NEET- 2017]
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a) 50%
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b) 20%
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c) 70%
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d) 10%
Explanation
MALT is Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue and it constitutes about 50 percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body. Answer:(a)
Q.2
How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart? …[AIPMT 2014]
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a) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase.
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b) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases.
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c) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output.
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d) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output.
Explanation
When y no longer need the increased cardiac output required during exercise, pressure receptors in the carotid arteries and the aorta signal the vagus nerves of the parasympathetic nervous system, also originating in the medulla oblongata. They then send the message from the medulla oblongata to the heart that slows your heart rate. Parasympathetic neural signal reduces both heart rate and cardiac output, through the postganglionic fibres. These fibres are very short and are cholinergic in nature. Answer:(c)
Q.3
Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has: …[AIPMT 2014]
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a) no antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma.
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b) both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies.
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c) both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma.
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d) both A and B antibodies in the plasma.
Explanation
Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma. Answer:(c)
Q.4
If you suspect major deficiency of antibodies in a person, to which of the following would you look for confirmatory evidence? [ ReAIPMT 2015] Explanation is provided, please click on
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a) Serum globulins
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b) Fibrinogin in plasma
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c) Serum albumins
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d) Haemocytes
Explanation
All globulins fall into one of the following four categories .Gamma globulinsone group of gamma globulins is the immunoglobulins, which are also known as "antibodies" Answer:(a)
Q.5
Reduction in pH of blood will :- …[AIPMT-2016]
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a) reduce the rate of heart beat.
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b) reduce the blood supply to the brain.
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c) decrease the affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen.
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d) release bicarbonate ions by the liver.
Explanation
the lower the pH, the more Hydrogen ions, the higher the carbon dioxide level and the LESS affinity Hemoglobin has for oxygen. Answer:(c)
Q.6
Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery is :- …[AIPMT-2016]
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a) same as that in the aorta.
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b) more than that in the carotid.
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c) more than that in the pulmonary vein.
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d) less than that in the venae cavae.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.7
Figure shows schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the label and give its function/s. …[NEET 2013]
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a) A – Pulmonary vein – takes impure blood from body parts, PO2 = 60 mm Hg
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b) B – Pulmonary artery – takes blood from heart to lungs, PO2 = 90 mm Hg
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c) C – Vena Cava – takes blood from body parts to right auricle, PCO2 = 45 mm Hg
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d) D – Dorsal aorta – takes blood from heart to body parts, PO2 = 95 mm Hg
Explanation
A – Pulmonary vein takes pure blood from lungs to left atria. B – Dorsal Aorta – takes blood from heart to body parts. C – Vena cava – takes blood from body parts to right auricle. D – Pulmonary artery – takes impure blood from heart to lungs. Answer:(c)
Q.8
The diagram given here is the standard ECG of a normal person. The P-wave represents the …[NEET 2013]
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a) Contraction of both the atria
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b) Initiation of the ventricular contraction
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c) Beginning of the systole
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d) End of systole
Explanation
In ECG, P wave represents the depolarisation of atria which leads to the contraction of both atria. Answer:(a)
Q.9
Name the blood cells, whose reduction in number can cause clotting disorder, leading to excessive loss of blood from the body. …[NEET 2016] Explanation is provided, please click on
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a) Neutrophils
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b) Thrombocytes
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c) Erythrocytes
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d) Leucocytes
Explanation
Thrombocytes are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to stop bleeding by clumping and clotting blood vessel injuries. Answer:(b)
Q.10
Adult human RBCs are enucleate. Which of the following statement(s) is/are most appropriate explanation for this feature? ….[NEET- 2017] (a) They do not need to reproduce (b) They are somatic cells (c) They do not metabolize (d) All their internal space is available for oxygen transport
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a) Only (d)
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b) Only (a)
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c) (a), (c) and (d)
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d) (b) and (c)
Explanation
In Human RBCs, nucleus degenerates during maturation which provide more space for oxygen carrying pigment (Haemoglobin). It lacks most of the cell organelles including mitochondria so respires anaerobically. Answer:(a)
Q.11
The genotypes of a Husband and Wife are IAIB and IAi. Among the blood types of their children, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible? ….[NEET- 2017]
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a) 3 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
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b) 3 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
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c) 4 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
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d) 4 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
Explanation
Parent
I
A
I
B
(Man)
I
A
i ( mother)
Gametes
I
A
and I
B
I
A
and i
Progeny
I
A
I
A
(GroupA) or I
A
i(GroupA)or I
A
I
B
( GroupAB) and I
B
i (GropB)
Phenotypes are 4 : IAIA (GroupA) or IA i(GroupA)or IA IB( GroupAB) and IBi (GroupB) Phenotype are 3: Ground A, GroupAB , Group B Answer:(c)
Q.12
Which layer of the following serves the dual purpose of forming the inner layer of the pericardium and forming the outermost wall of the heart?
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a) fibrous pericardium
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b) parietal pericardium
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c) visceral pericardium
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d) myocardium
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.13
During high blood pressure, regulations of heart beat and circulation are controlled by ... ... [ AIIMS 1999 ]
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a) Vasodilator and vasoconstrictor centres.
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b) Cardio-stimulatory and vasoconstrictor centres
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c) Cardio-inhibitory and vasoconstrictor centres
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d) Cardio - inhibitory and vasodilator centres
Explanation
Baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors located in the carotid sinus and in the aortic arch. On increase in blood presure is detected by Baroreceptors Cardiovascular centre along wth vasomotor centre are present in medulla oblongata. These vasomotor centre are interacting neurons. This centre stimulates sympathetic nerve fibre to constrict the blood vessels. Constriction of blood vessel is carried by vasoconstriction centre. Vasoconstrictor center: The center in the medulla oblongata that brings about the constriction of blood vessel. High blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors such as carotid sinus. On dectection of high blood pressure, contriction of vessel by vasocontriction centre is inhibited and as a result vasodilator reserve increases. Increase in vasodilator reserve dilates the vessel and blood pressure drops to normal. Cardio-inhibitory center of the medulla: interfering with or slowing the normal sequence of events in the cardiac cycle In nut shell inhibition of Vasoconstrictor center dilates vessels to controll blood pressure There is nothing as vasodilator centres. Vasodilator substances produced by the body There are many substances that body produces that can lead to vasodilation. Some examples include things such as nitric oxide and carbon dioxide as well as hormones such as acetylcholine, prostaglandins, and histamine. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Purkinje fibres are connected with impulse conducting system of .... [ BHU 2000 ]
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a) Heart
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b) Brain
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c) Skin
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d) Kidney nephrons
Explanation
One of the specialized cardiac muscle fibers, part of the impulse-conducting network of the heart, that rapidly transmit impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles. Answer : (a)
Q.15
Which one are granulocytes... .. [ manipal 2002 ]
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a) Neutrophis, basophilis, lymphocytes
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b) Eosinophils, basophils, monocytes
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c) Basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes
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d) Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Explanation
Granulocytes: White blood cells with cytoplasm that contains granules.They are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN, PML, or PMNL) because of the varying shapes of the nucleus. There are three principal types of granulocytes, distinguished by their appearance under Wright's stain: Basophil granulocytes Eosinophil granulocytes Neutrophil granulocytes Answer : (d)
Q.16
Thoracic duct is associated with ... ... [ BHU 2002 ]
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a) Purkinje fibres
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b) Hepatic duct
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c) Innominate vein
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d) Aorta
Explanation
In human anatomy, the thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel of the lymphatic system. It is also known as the left lymphatic duct, alimentary duct, chyliferous duct, and Van Hoorne's canal. It carries chyle, a liquid containing both lymph and emulsified fats, rather than pure lymph. Innominate vein: a large vein on either side of the neck that is formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. The two veins drain blood from the head, neck, and upper extremities and unite to form the superior vena cava. Also called brachiocephalic vein. Thoracic duct empties into the left brachiocephalic vein Answer : (c)
Q.17
Purkinje fibres are present in ... ... [ MPPMT 2012 ]
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a) Heart
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b) Cerebrum
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c) Semicircular canals
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d) Voluntary muscles
Explanation
The Purkinje fibers can be found in the ventricle walls, which are at the bottom of the heart in an area called the subendocardium. They're made up of specialized cardiomyocytes, which are the cells that make up cardiac muscle. These special cells found in the Purkinje fibers are able to conduct nerve signals more rapidly than other muscle cells in the heart and so are crucial for the normal beating of the heart. They are able to send signals at speeds of between 3 and 12 feet per second. However, the Purkinje fibers do not actually set the heart rate. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Bundle of His is a network of ... ... [ CBSE 2003 ]
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a) Muscle fibres distributed throughout heart walls
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b) Muscle fibres found only in ventricle wall
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c) Nerve fibres distributed in ventricles
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d) Nerve fibres found throughout the heart
Explanation
The bundle of His is a collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction. As part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, it transmits the electrical impulses from the AV node (located between the atria and the ventricles) to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches via the bundle branches. The fascicular branches then lead to the Purkinje fibers, which provide electrical conduction to the ventricles, causing the cardiac muscle of the ventricles to contract at a paced interval. Answer : (b)
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