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NEET Biology MCQ
Breathing And Respiration Mcq
Quiz 10
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Q.1
Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding the pharynx?
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a) Organ of upper respiratory tract.
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b) Connects to larynx.
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c) Contributes to the production of speech.
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d) Composed of smooth muscles.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.2
Asthma is due to:
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a) Elasticity of lungs is reduced.
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b) Degradation of alveolar wall.
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c) Bronchioles constrict due to muscular spasms.
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d) Damage in diaphragm.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.3
Which one of the following is NOT correct?
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a) The nasal cavity warms and humidifies the air before it enters the lungs.
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b) The right lung is composed of three lobes but left lung has only two lobes.
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c) Lung volumes and vital capacity measure lung functions.
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d) The visceral pleura is in direct contact with the chest wall.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.4
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about primary bronchi?
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a) The trachea splits into the primary bronchi.
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b) Primary bronchi supply air to the right and left lungs.
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c) These are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
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d) Supporting cartilage of primary bronchi is plate-like shaped.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.5
The respiratory membrane, through which gas must diffuse, consists of the followings EXCEPT:
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a) Alveolar cells and endothelial cells of the capillary.
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b) Lymphatic vessel basement membrane.
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c) Epithelial basement membrane.
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d) Capillary basement membrane.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.6
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
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a) Tuberculosis is caused by a rod-shaped bacterium – Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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b) Tuberculosis is highly infectious and can be spread by airborne droplets.
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c) Tuberculosis can’t be treated by antibiotics.
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d) In pulmonary tuberculosis, the elasticity of lungs is reduced.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.7
For efficient gas exchange, the membrane through which the exchange of gases takes place should have the following characteristics except:
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a) It should be easily permeable for O2 and CO2.
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b) It should be thick and highly vascular.
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c) Its surface area should be broad.
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d) It should be moist.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.8
The downward movement of rib cage is facilitated by:
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a) Contraction of external intercostal muscles.
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b) Cardiac muscles.
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c) Contraction of internal intercostal muscles.
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d) Tergo-sternal muscles.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.9
Which among the following statements is true about RBCs in humans?
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a) They carry about 20 – 25 percent of CO2 as carbaminohaemoglobin.
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b) They carry about 99.5 percent of O2.
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c) They transport 87 percent oxygen only and the rest 13 percent of it is transported in dissolved state in blood plasma
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d) They do not carry CO2 at all.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.10
Which two of the following changes (1-4) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more)? 1) Increases in red blood cell size 2) Increases in red blood cell production 3) Increased breathing rate 4) Increase in thrombocyte count Changes occurring are
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a) 2 and 3
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b) 3 and 4
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c) 1 and 4
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d) 1 and 2
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.11
Find out the correct statements with regards to transport of gases: (i) About 97% of O2 is transported by the RBC in the blood. (ii) 40% of the CO2 is carried as bicarbonates. (iii) Only 1% of O2 is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. (iv) About 20 – 25% of CO2 is carried by RBCs.
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a) (i) and (iii) are correct.
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b) (i) and (iv) are correct.
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c) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
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d) All are correct.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.12
The total thickness of the diffusion membrane is:
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a) Greater than a millimetre.
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b) One millimetre.
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c) Lesser than a millimetre.
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d) Less than 2 millimetre.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.13
Find out the correct statements with regards to transport of gases: (i) About 97% of O2 is transported by the RBC in the blood. (ii) 40% of the CO2 is carried as bicarbonates. (iii) Only 1% of O2 is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. (iv) About 20 – 25% of CO2 is carried by RBCs.
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a) (i) and (iii) are correct.
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b) (i) and (iv) are correct.
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c) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
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d) All are correct.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.14
The solubility of CO2 is:
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a) 5 – 10 times higher than that of O2.
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b) 20 – 25 times higher than that of O2.
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c) 30 – 35 times higher than that of O2.
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d) 40 – 45 times higher than that of O2.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.15
A large portion of oxygen remains unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the tissues. This oxygen:
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a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise.
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b) raises the pCO2 of blood to 75mm of Hg
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c) is enough to take oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96%.
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d) helps in releasing more oxygen to the epithelial tissues.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.16
Read the following statements and select the correct one;
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a) The H+ released from carbonic acid combines with Hb to form haemoglobinic acid.
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b) Oxyhaemoglobin of erythrocytes are alkaline.
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c) More than 70% of CO2 is transferred from tissues to lungs in the form of carbamino compounds.
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d) In a healthy person, the Hb content is more than 25gms per 100ml.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.17
Which of the following is incorrect regarding the regulation of respiration?
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a) The dorsal respiratory group is present in the dorsal portion of the medulla oblongata.
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b) The signals from the dorsal respiratory group neurons generate the basic respiratory rhythm.
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c) During normal respiration, the ventral respiratory group remains inactive and does not play any role in the basic respiratory rhythm.
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d) The Pneumotaxic centre does not transmit signals to the inspiratory area.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.18
The haemoglobin of a human foetus:
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a) Has only 2 protein subunits instead of 4.
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b) Has higher affinity for oxygen than that of adults
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c) Has lower affinity for oxygen as that of adults.
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d) Its affinity for oxygen is the same as that of adults.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.19
To generate pressure gradients to facilitate expiration and inspiration, the human body uses the intercostal muscles and ..........
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a) Alveolar sacs.
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b) Bronchi.
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c) Primary, secondary and tertiary bronchioles.
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d) Diaphragm.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.20
The inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume is same as:
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a) Inspiratory capacity + Residual volume.
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b) Inspiratory capacity + expiratory reserve volume.
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c) Tidal volume + residual volume.
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d) Total lung capacity + functional residual capacity.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.21
Respiratory process is regulated by certain specialised centres in the brain. One of the following listed centres can reduce the inspiratory duration upon stimulation:
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a) Medullary inspiratory centre.
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b) Pneumotaxic centre.
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c) Apneustic centre.
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d) Chemosensitive centre.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.22
Given below are the parts of mammalian respiratory pathway: Pharynx. Nostrils. Bronchi. Trachea. Nasal chamber. Bronchioles.Alveoli. Larynx. Their correct sequence is:
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a) 2 → 1 → 5 → 3 → 8 → 4 → 6 → 7.
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b) 2 → 5 → 1 → 8 → 4 → 3 → 6 → 7.
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c) 7 → 5 → 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 → 8 → 6.
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d) 1 → 2 → 4 → 5 → 8 → 6 → 3 → 7.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.23
Identify the mismatched pair:
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a) TV – 500ml.
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b) IRV – 2550ml to 3000ml.
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c) RV – 110ml to 1200ml.
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d) IC – 5000ml.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.24
Amount of oxygen delivered by every 100ml of oxygenated blood to the tissue under normal physiological condition is around:
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a) 5ml.
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b) 20ml.
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c) 10ml.
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d) 100ml.
Explanation
Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5 ml of 2 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions. Answer:(a)
Q.25
During CO2 transport, the electrochemical neutrality of RBC is maintained by a process known as:
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a) Haldane effect.
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b) Herring breur reflex.
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c) Chloride shift.
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d) Bohr effect.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.26
If the length of trachea is extended to the length of two vertebrae in the linear position, to which thoracic vertebrae, the trachea is divided:
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a) 5th vertebrae
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b) 7th vertebrae.
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c) 12th vertebrae.
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d) 8th vertebrae.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.27
Tension of partial pressure of oxygen is least in:
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a) Blood in pulmonary vein.
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b) Tissue fluid.
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c) Alveolar air.
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d) All of the above.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.28
Excessive level of CO2 in the blood:
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a) Hypocapnea.
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b) Acapnea.
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c) Hypercapnea
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d) Eupnoea.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.29
Ascent of high mountain may cause altitude sickness in men due to:
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a) Excess of CO2 in blood,
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b) Decreased efficiency of haemoglobin.
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c) Decreased partial pressure of oxygen.
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d) Decreased proportion of oxygen in air.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.30
Herring breur reflex is related to:
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a) Effect on pH on respiratory centres.
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b) Effect of nerves on respiratory centres.
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c) Effect of CO2 on respiratory centres.
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d) Effect of temperature on respiratory centres.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.31
Quiet breathing is often referred as:
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a) Respiration.
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b) Abdominal breathing.
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c) Thoracic breathing.
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d) Inspiration.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.32
Select the correct statement from the following:
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a) In external respiration, pulmonary capillary blood gains O2 and loses CO2.
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b) Oxygen dissolved greatly in water and only 1.5% of O2 is dissolved in plasma.
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c) The diaphragm forms the roof of the thoracic cavity and floor of the abdominal cavity.
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d) Trachea divides into two bronchi at the level of 5th thoracic vertebrae.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.33
The structure which contributes to the breathing movement in mammals is: (i) Ribs. (ii) Intercostal muscles. (iii) Larynx. (iv) Diaphragm. (v) Sternum. (vi) Epiglottis.
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a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
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b) (i), (ii), (iv) and (v).
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c) (ii), (iv), (v) and (vi).
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d) (iii) and (vi).
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.34
Identify the correct lung volumes and capacities used to designate following letters (a) – (d) respectively: (a) Additional volume of air, a person can inspire by forcible inspiration. (b) Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration. (c) Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration. (d) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in a forced expiration.
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a) VC: IC: RV: TLC.
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b) IRV: RV: FRC: VC.
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c) FRC: RV: IRV: VC.
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d) IRV: VC: RV: FRC.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.35
P50 value indicates:
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a) The oxygen concentration at which 50% Hb of blood is saturated with oxygen.
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b) The diffusion capacity of gas.
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c) Dead air space volume.
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d) Chloride shift.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.36
Breathing rate will increase when CO2 ............ in our blood and causes a .......... in pH.
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a) Increase/ rise
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b) Increase/drop
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c) Decrease/rise
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d) Decrease/drop
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.37
Bulk of carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported to lungs in the form of:
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a) Bicarbonate of blood plasma and RBCs.
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b) Free CO2 in blood plasma.
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c) 70% carbaminohaemoglobin and 30% as bicarbonates.
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d) Carbaminohaemoglobin in RBCs.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.38
The space between the two lungs is called:
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a) Dead space.
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b) Mediastinum.
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c) Pleura.
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d) Thoracic cage.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.39
Whether a child died after normal birth or died before birth can be confirmed by examining:
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a) Tidal volume.
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b) Residual volume.
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c) Weight of the child.
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d) Vital capacity.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.40
In a healthy person:
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a) Pulmonary ventilation is less than alveolar ventilation.
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b) No relation between pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation.
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c) Pulmonary ventilation is equal to the alveolar ventilation.
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d) Alveolar ventilation is less than the pulmonary ventilation.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.41
Shift of oxyhaemoglobin curve to the left is noticed under:
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a) Normal temperature and pH.
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b) Low temperature and high pH.
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c) Low pH and high temperature.
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d) Low pH and low temperature.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.42
Lungs are covered by: (
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a) Ribs.
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b) Single layered pleura.
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c) Double layered pleura.
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d) Pericardium.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.43
Although much CO2 is carried in blood, yet blood does not become acidic, because:
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a) It is absorbed by the leucocytes.
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b) Blood buffer play an important role in CO2 transport.
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c) It combines with water to form carbonic acid which is neutralized by carbonic anhydrase enzyme.
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d) It is continuously diffused through tissues and is not allowed to accumulate.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.44
What will be the PO2 and PCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to that in the alveolar air?
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a) PO2 lesser; PCO2 higher.
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b) PO2 higher; PCO2 lesser.
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c) PO2 higher; PCO2 higher.
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d) PO2 lesser; PCO2 lesser.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.45
Match the items in Column I with Column II. Choose the correct option:
Column I
Column II
a. Tidal volume
2500ml – 3000ml.
b. Inspiratory reserve volume
4000ml – 4600ml.
c. Expiratory reserve volume
500ml.
d. Residual volume
1000 – 1100ml.
e. Vital capacity
2100 – 2300ml.
f. Inspiratory capacity
3000 – 3500ml.
g. Functional residual capacity
1200ml.
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a) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 5; e - 6; f - 2; g - 7
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b) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 6; f - 2; g - 5
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c) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 2; f - 6; g - 5
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d) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 6; f - 5; g - 2
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.46
Select the incorrect statement:
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a) In man, vocal cords are present in the larynx.
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b) Lecithin covers the alveoli as surfactant and reduces surface tension.
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c) Trachea divides into two bronchi at the level of 7th thoracic vertebrae.
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d) Alveoli are considered as the functional unit of lungs.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.47
Which of the following shows chemoreceptors for detecting the excess presence of CO2 and H+ in the circulating blood?
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a) Chemosensitive area.
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b) Aortic arc and carotid artery.
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c) Both A and B.
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d) Pneumotaxic centre.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.48
Mark the incorrect statement:
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a) Respiratory centres are found in medulla oblongata and pons varoli.
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b) Respiratory mechanism is controlled by CNS.
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c) RBC contains high concentration of carbonic anhydrase.
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d) Respiratory centre of brain is sensitive to increase in PO2.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.49
The following table shows the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 at different parts involved in diffusion in comparison to those in atmosphere. Identify the data given (i) – (iv).
Respiratory gases
Atmospheric air
Alveoli
Blood deoxygenated
Blood oxygenated
O
2
159
(ii)
(iii)
95
CO
2
(i)
40
45
(iv)
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a) (i) – 0.6, (ii) – 126, (iii) – 45, (iv) – 90.
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b) (i) – 0.3, (ii) – 104, (iii) – 40, (iv) – 40.
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c) (i) – 0.5, (ii) – 145, (iii) – 45, (iv) – 95.
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d) (i) – 1, (ii) – 45, (iii) – 40, (iv) – 40.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.50
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS):
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a) Is caused by a variant of Pneumonococcus pneumoniae
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b) Is caused by a variant of common cold virus (Corona virus).
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c) Is an acute form of asthma.
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d) Affects non-vegetarians much faster than vegetarians.
Explanation
Answer:(b)
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