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Breathing And Respiration Mcq
Quiz 2
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Q.1
Common factors in the trachea of mammals and insects is .... [ CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Ciliated inner lining
0%
b) Non-collapsible wall
0%
c) Paired nature
0%
d) Origin from head region
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.2
Which one respires through gills ... [ JKCMEE 2005 ]
0%
a) Crocodile
0%
b) Whale
0%
c) Frog
0%
d) Prawn
Explanation
Prawn uses gills to take oxygen out of the water to breathe Answer : (d)
Q.3
In a resting person, oxygen saturation of haemoglobin as blood leaves the tissue capillaries is ....[AMU 2009 ]
0%
a) 3%
0%
b) 40%
0%
c) 46%
0%
d) 75%
Explanation
40 mm Hg is the typical partial pressure of oxygen in the cells of the body. Examination of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve reveals that, under resting conditions, only about 20 - 25% of hemoglobin molecules give up oxygen in the systemic capillaries. Answer : (d)
Q.4
Vocal cord occur in ... [PMPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Pharynx
0%
b) Larynx
0%
c) Glottis
0%
d) Bronchial tube
Explanation
The vocal folds, also known commonly as vocal cords or voice reeds, are composed of twin in foldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally, from back to front, across the larynx Answer : (b)
Q.5
Emphysema is characterised by ...[ H.P.PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Inflation of alveoli
0%
b) Pulmonary hemorrhage
0%
c) Increased number of air sacs
0%
d) Infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Explanation
Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease where there is over-inflation of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs Answer : (a)
Q.6
What percentage of CO2 is transported as bicarbonates ( HCO'3
0%
a) 70%
0%
b) 7%
0%
c) 20 -25%
0%
d) 97%
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.7
Hemoblobin that is bonded to carbon monoxide and therefore cannot transport oxygen, is called
0%
a) caroxyhemoglobin
0%
b) metheoglobin
0%
c) reducedhemoglobin
0%
d) carbaminohemoglobin
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.8
About 1200 ml of air left in lung even after forceful respiration is called..... [CBSE 1996 ]
0%
a) Tidal volume
0%
b) Inspiratory reserve volume
0%
c) Residual volume
0%
d) Vital capacity
Explanation
Tidal Volume (TV)
0.5L
Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV)
2 to 3L
Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV)
1 to 1.1L
Residual Volume(RV)
1.1to 1.2L
Functional Residual Capacity(FRC) (ERV + RV)
2500 mL
Vital Capacity (VC) [T.V. + I.R.V. + E.R.V.]
3.5 to 4.5L
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) [RV+VC]
6000 mL
Minimal Volume (MV)
500 mL
inspiratory capacity (IC = IRV + VT)
6 L
Answer : (c)
Q.9
During strenuous exercise glucose is converted into ...[BHU 2005 ]
0%
a) Glycogen
0%
b) Pyruvic acid
0%
c) Starch
0%
d) Lactic acid
Explanation
Tissues do not stores oxygen, during strenuous exercise requirement of energy is high and oxygen is in short supply resulting in anaerobic respiration. Produce lactic acid Answer : (d)
Q.10
The cells which do not respire aerobically ... [ AFMC 2000 ]
0%
a) Epidermal cells
0%
b) Sieve cells
0%
c) Cortical cells
0%
d) Erythrocytes
Explanation
mitochondria is not not present in Erythrocytes, (RBC) is devoted to carry O2 and CO2 in the body. It needs more space to hold the gase so that other cell organells should not present whithin it. In addition if mitochondria would present it would have consumed all O2 and hence could not transport O2 However Erythrocytes respire anaerobically. Answer : (d)
Q.11
Which energy is consumed in breathing ? [ CPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) Mechanical
0%
b) Chemical
0%
c) Bioelectricity
0%
d) Physical energy
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.12
Carboxyhaemoglobin is produced due to ... [ AFMC 2009]
0%
a) CO
0%
b) CO2
0%
c) NO3-
0%
d) SO43-
Explanation
Carboxyhaemoglobin is formed in carbon monoxide poisoning and leads to oxygen deficiency in the body. Answer : (a)
Q.13
Thoracic cage of man is formed of ...[ MPPMT 2002]
0%
a) Ribs and sternum
0%
b) Ribs, sternum and thoracic vertebrae
0%
c) Ribs, sternum and lumbar vertebrae
0%
d) Ribs and thoracic vertebrae
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.14
What is true about RBCs in human .....[ CBSE 2010 ]
0%
a) They transport 99.5% of O2
0%
b) They transport 80% oxygen, the rest 20% being transported by plasma
0%
c) They do not carry CO2 at all
0%
d) They carry 20 - 25% of CO2
Explanation
Most oxygen, 98.5 percent, is bound to a protein called hemoglobin present in RBC and carried to the tissues Only 1.5 percent of oxygen in the blood is dissolved directly into the blood itself. About 20 – 25% of CO2 is transported by the red blood cells as carbaminohaemoglobin. Carbon dioxide binds to the amino groups on the polypeptide chains of haemoglobin and forms a compound known as carbaminohaemoglobin. Answer : (d)
Q.15
Expiratory capacity is .... [ HPPMT 2012 ]
0%
a) Tidal volume
0%
b) Residual volume
0%
c) TV+ERV
0%
d) TV + IRV
Explanation
Inspiratory capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be inspired following a normal tidal expiration. It is the sum of the inspiratory reserve volume and the tidal volume (IC = IRV + VT) Expiratory reserve capacity–ERV The maximum volume of air that can be voluntarily exhaled . It is sum of tidal volume (TV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV) Expiratory capacity= TV+ERV Answer : (d)
Q.16
CO2 is carried in blood as ....[ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Sodium bicarbonate
0%
b) Sodium carbonate
0%
c) Potassium carbonate
0%
d) Magnesium carbonate
Explanation
About 70% of carbon dioxide is transported as sodium bicarbonate. As CO2 diffuses into the blood plasma, a large part of it combines with water to form carbonic acid in the presence of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic anhydrase is a zinc enzyme that speeds up the formation of carbonic acid. This carbonic acid dissociates into bicarbonate (HCO3–) and hydrogen ions (H+). Answer : (a)
Q.17
Volume of air which remains in conducting airways and is not available for gas exchange is ... [ JKCET 2012 ]
0%
a) Vital capacity
0%
b) Anatomic dead space
0%
c) Functional residual capacity
0%
d) Forced expiratory volume
Explanation
Vital capacitythe greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath. Anatomic dead space is the total volume of the conducting airways from the nose or mouth down to the level of the terminal bronchioles, and is about 150 ml on the average in humans. Functional residual capacity the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration; it is the sum of expiratory reserve volume and residual volume. Forced expiratory volume Forced expiratory volume (FEV) measures how much air a person can exhale during a forced breath Answer : (b)
Q.18
Amount of oxygen present in one gram of haemoglobin is ....[ AIIMS 1997 ]
0%
a) 20 ml
0%
b) 1.34 ml
0%
c) 13.4 ml
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL O2 per gram Answer : (b)
Q.19
Dissociation curve shifts to the right when.....[ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) O2 concentration decreases
0%
b) CO2 concentration decreases
0%
c) CO2 concentration increases
0%
d) Chloride concentration increases
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.20
Muscles attached to diaphragm contract during inspiration to make it ...[BHU 2008 ]
0%
a) Flat
0%
b) Dome-shaped
0%
c) Concave
0%
d) Rotate
Explanation
When we inhale, the diaphragm contracts and is drawn further down into the abdominal cavity until it is flat. Answer : (a)
Q.21
CO2 is transported mainly as ... [ CBSE 1995 ]
0%
a) Dissolved in blood plasma
0%
b) As carbonic acid
0%
c) In carbaminohaemoglobin
0%
d) As carbaminohaemoglobin and carbonic acid
Explanation
Carbaminohaemoglobin is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood. 20 to 25% of carbon dioxide is carried in blood this way, about 60% carried in blood as bicarbonate [HCO3-] and 10% carried as free CO2, in or plasma. Answer : (d)
Q.22
Inspiratory centre is located in ...[ kerala 2002 ]
0%
a) Cerebrum
0%
b) Cerebellum
0%
c) Hypothalamus
0%
d) Medulla oblongata
Explanation
The medulla oblongata helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation. Answer : (d)
Q.23
SARS is caused by variant of ...[AIIMS 2004 ]
0%
a) Pneumococcus pneumonia
0%
b) Common cold and Corona virus
0%
c) Asthma
0%
d) Bronchitis
Explanation
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory infection caused by the SARS coronavirus. It is transmitted through close person-to-person contact. Answer : (b)
Q.24
Which one of the mammalian cells is incapable of metabolising glucose to carbon dioxide aerobically ... [ CBSE 2007 ]
0%
a) WBC
0%
b) RBC
0%
c) Liver cells
0%
d) Unstriated muscle cells
Explanation
RBC don’t have mitochondria thus incapable of metabolising glucose to carbon dioxide aerobically Answer : (b)
Q.25
Haemoglobin of human foetus ... [ CBSE 2008 ]
0%
a) Has two protein subunits instead of four
0%
b) Higher affinity of oxygen that of adult
0%
c) Has lower affinity of oxygen than that of adult
0%
d) Its affinity for oxygen is the same as that of an adult
Explanation
Fetal hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen is substantially greater than that of adult hemoglobin. Answer : (b)
Q.26
Lining of trachea is made of ....[ JIPMER 2004]
0%
a) Simple squamous epithelium
0%
b) Simple cuboidal epithelium
0%
c) Pseudostratified epithelium
0%
d) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Explanation
The trachea is lined with a layer of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. The epithelium contains goblet cells, which are glandular, modified simple columnar epithelial cells that produce mucins, the main component of mucus. Mucus helps to moisten and protect the airways. Mucus lines the ciliated cells of the trachea to trap inhaled foreign particles that the cilia then waft upward toward the larynx and then the pharynx where it can be either swallowed into the stomach or expelled as phlegm. This self-clearing mechanism is termed mucociliary clearance. Answer provided by : Miss Anushka Answer : (c)
Q.27
Whether a child died after birth or died before birth can be confirmed by measuring... [ KCT 2208 ] <
0%
a) Residual volume of air
0%
b) Tidal volume
0%
c) Dead space air
0%
d) Weight of child
Explanation
Residual volume of air the volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the most forcible expiration possible. If child is died after birth we would find residual volume of air Answer : (a)
Q.28
Air directly enters the tracheae via the
0%
a) external nares
0%
b) pharynx
0%
c) larynx
0%
d) bronchi
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.29
In which of the following subjects, the dead space is highest .. [ WB 210 ]
0%
a) Old man
0%
b) Old woman
0%
c) Young woman
0%
d) Young man
Explanation
Tidal volume is amount of air you move in and out during normal quiet breathing. Dead space is a portion of tidal volume that does not participate in gas exchange wasted ventilation. In case of young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 mL per inspiration or 7 mL/kg of body mass. Since Tidal volume is more in case of young man, dead space is proportionally more Answer : (d)
Q.30
Emphysema is a .... [ JKCET 2011]
0%
a) Cardiovascular disease
0%
b) Pulmonary disease
0%
c) Renal disease
0%
d) Neural disease
Explanation
Emphysema a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness or Pulmonary disease Answer : (b)
Q.31
Bicarbonate formed inside erythrocytes passes out into plasma while chloride of plasma pass into erythrocytes. the phenomenon is called ...[ Kerala 2003 ]
0%
a) Bicarbonate shift
0%
b) Carbonation
0%
c) Hamburger phenomenon
0%
d) Carbochlorosis
Explanation
Bicarbonate shift it is not recognized as process or shift, such shift take place during Chloride shift. Chloride shiftis a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3−) and chloride (Cl−) across the membrane Carbonation refers to two chemical processes involving the binding of carbon dioxide to substrates. Such as making soda water Hamburger phenomenon (chloride shift) It is the phenomenon of passing CI' into RBC and in return passing out of HCO3' into plasma from RBC. Its significance is to maintain ionic equilibrium. Answer : (c)
Q.32
Vocal cords occur in ...[MPPMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Larynx
0%
b) pharynx
0%
c) Glottis
0%
d) Bronchial tube
Explanation
Larynx
Pharynx
Larynx is mainly an organ
pharynx is a set of regions
pharynx connects nasal airflow with trachea and food pathway from the oral cavity to the oesophagus
larynx mainly produces sound and passively stops food and other particles being entered into the respiratory system.
pharynx is a part of both digestive and respiratory systems.
Larynx is a part of the respiratory system
Larynx is made up of cartilages
pharynx is muscular
Larynx has voice chords
Don’t have voice chords
Answer : (a)
Q.33
Determination of oxygen carried by haemoglobin is done by ... [ CET Chd. 2001 ]
0%
a) pH
0%
b) Partial pressure of oxygen
0%
c) Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Determination of oxygen carried by haemoglobin is done by Partial pressure of oxygen Answer : (b)
Q.34
Alveoli become enlarged and damaged with reduced surface area in heavy smokers. the condition is called ...[ kerala 2044 ]
0%
a) Silicosis
0%
b) Emphysema
0%
c) Asthma
0%
d) Bronchitis
Explanation
In emphysema, the bronchi and bronchioles are inflamed and continually swollen and clogged. This causes the alveoli to swell. These fragile air sacs burst and merge together. This damage to the alveoli makes it more difficult for the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide to take place.It is usually caused by cigarette smoking Answer : (b)
Q.35
Food does not enter windpipe due to structure called ... [ Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) Glottis
0%
b) Epiglottis
0%
c) Tonsils
0%
d) Pharynx
Explanation
The epiglottis is at the base of our tongue. It’s made up of mostly cartilage. It works as a valve to prevent food and liquids from entering our windpipe when we eat and drink. Answer : (b)
Q.36
Oxyhaemoglobin dissociates at ....[ JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) Low pO2 in tissues
0%
b) High pO2 in tissues
0%
c) Equal pO2
0%
d) All times irrespective of pO2
Explanation
At low partial pressures of oxygen, oxyhaemoglobin dissociate to form oxygen and haemoglobin. At high partial pressures of oxygen, haemoglobin binds to oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin. Answer : (a)
Q.37
Match the columns and find the correct combination
Column I
Column II
(a) Asthma
(i) Inflammation of nasal tract
(b) Bronchitis
(ii) Spasm of tracheal muscle
(c) Rhinitis
(iii) Fully blown out alveoli
(d) Emphysema
(iv) Inflammation of bronchi
- -
(v) Cough with blood stained sputum
0%
a) a - iv ; b - ii; c - v; d - i
0%
b) a - v ; b - iii; c - ii; d - i
0%
c) a - iii ; b - i; c - v; d - iv
0%
d) a - ii ; b - iv; c - i; d – iii
Explanation
Asthma: A common lung disorder in which inflammation causes the bronchi to swell and narrow the airways, creating breathing difficulties that may range from mild to life-threatening. It is usually connected to allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity. The muscles surrounding your bronchial tubes are thin and smooth, and they allow air to flow easily. If you have a respiratory problem, such as asthma, these muscles can contract and narrow byflatteningof tracheal muscles and alveoli airway. When that happens, it’s called a bronchial spasm or Spasm of tracheal muscle (a) – (ii) Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs. Symptoms include coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. (b)-(iV) Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. (c) –(i) Emphysema is a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness. Chronic( recurring) bronchitis often occurs with emphysema (d) – (iii) Answer : (d)
Q.38
With conscious efforts one can .... [ CBSE 2011 ]
0%
a) Breathe out air totally without oxygen
0%
b) Breathe in and out by moving diaphragm alone without moving diaphragm alone without moving ribs at all
0%
c) Breathe out air through eustachian tube by closing both nose and mouth
0%
d) Empty the lungs completely by breathing out all air out of them
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.39
Which structure of lungs is directly involved in O2/CO2 exchange between air and blood capillaries ... [ Guj CET 2011]
0%
a) Bronchi
0%
b) Trachea
0%
c) Alveoli
0%
d) Secondary bronchi
Explanation
Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream. Answer : (c)
Q.40
Respiratory membrane consists of ..... [
0%
a) Alveolar wall and ducts
0%
b) Membranes of alveolar ducts and capillaries
0%
c) Inner and outer pleural membranes and pleural fluid
0%
d) Alveolar wall, alveolar capillary and interstitial space
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.41
Assertion "A": CO2 transport occurs very fast through RBCs Reason "R": Enzyme carbonic is absent in blood plasma .... [ GUJ CET 2011 ]
0%
a) Both correct with "R" being correct explanation of "A"
0%
b) Both correct but "R" is not correct explanation of "A"
0%
c) "A" correct, "R" wrong
0%
d) "A" wrong, "R" correct
Explanation
CO2 transport occurs fast within the red blood cell owing to the presence of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, Assertion iscorrec .RBCs contain a very high concentration of the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and minute quantities of the same is present in the plasma too, Reason is wrong Answer : (c)
Q.42
Which is the end part of pulmonary or lung division and place of gaseous exchange? ... [ C.P.M.T. 1991 ]
0%
a) Bronchiole
0%
b) Alveolus
0%
c) Air chamber
0%
d)Tracheole
Explanation
Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream. Answer : (b)
Q.43
Assertion: Extra oxygen consumption is called oxygen debt Reason: Extra oxygen is required to oxidise accumulated lactic acid produced during strenuous exercise
0%
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
0%
b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
0%
c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
0%
d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Anaerobic respiration produces an oxygen debt. This is the amount of oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water. The existence of an oxygen debt explains why we continue to breathe deeply and quickly for a while after exercise. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Increased in CO2 concentration shall cause ... [ AFMC 2008 ]
0%
a) Slower and shallow breathing
0%
b) Slower and deeper breathing
0%
c) Faster and deeper breathing
0%
d) No effect on breathing
Explanation
As a general rule, the faster and deeper you breathe, the greater is the air exchange happening in your lungs. This means there is increase in the rate of oxygen uptake by blood and also of carbon dioxide wash-out. So if you breathe fast and deep, that will clear out maximum amount of carbon dioxide from your blood. Hence a decrease in blood CO2 concentration. Answer : (c)
Q.45
Assertion: Carbon monoxide in blood decreases the amount of haem bound oxygen in blood. Reason: Carbon monoxide binds with the oxygen binding site of haem.
0%
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
0%
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
0%
c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
0%
d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.46
Which statements are true/false? (a) Blood transports CO2 comparatively easily because of its high solubility (b) Approximately 8.9% of CO2 is transported dissolved plasma (c) CO2 diffuses into blood, passes into RBCs and reacts with water to form H2CO3 (d) Oxyhaemoglobin of erythrocytes is basic (e) Chloride ions diffuse from plasma into erythrocytes to maintain ionic balance
0%
a) a, c and e are true; b and d are false
0%
b) a, c and e are false; b and d are true
0%
c) a, b and d are true; c and e are false
0%
d) a, b and d are false; c and e are true
Explanation
‘b’ is false because approximately approximately 7% in the plasma.70% of carbon dioxide is transport as bicarbonates, 23% of carbon dioxide binds with hemoglobin as Hb-CO2 d is false because Oxyhaemoglobin is acidic Answer : (a)
Q.47
Kilocalories of usable energy liberated by one mole of glucose is .. [ Odisha 2006 ]
0%
a) 80
0%
b) 160
0%
c) 180
0%
d) 380
Explanation
One mole of glucose liberate about 680 kilocalories of energy (in Bomb calorimeter), Since formation of ATP involves number of steps such as formation of CO2 and water consumes about 300 kilocalories, remaining about 380 kilocalories of energy is conserved. Answer : (d)
Q.48
Rate of respiration is directly affected by ...[CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Concentration of carbon dioxide
0%
b) Oxygen in trachea
0%
c) Concentration of oxygen
0%
d) Diaphragm expansion
Explanation
Carbon dioxide is the most potent influence over respiration. High levels of carbon dioxide correspond with high levels of acid (low pH) and signal the need for more oxygen. Answer : (a)
Q.49
After forceful inspiration, the amount of air that can be breathed out with maximum forced expiration is equal to .... [ W.B. 2012 ]
0%
a) TV + RV + ERV
0%
b) IRV +TV + ERV
0%
c) IRV + RV + ERV
0%
d) IRV + ERV + TV + RV
Explanation
The amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after a maximal inspiration. Emphasis on completeness of expiration. Or The maximum volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in and out of the respiratory system is called Vital capacity (VC) VC = IRV + VT + ERV Answer : (b)
Q.50
At higher CO2 concentration. oxygen dissociation curve of haemoglobin will ... [ CPMT 1990 ]
0%
a) Move to left
0%
b) Move to right
0%
c) Become irregular
0%
d) Move upwardly
Explanation
Answer : (b)
0 h : 0 m : 1 s
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