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Breathing And Respiration Mcq
Quiz 5
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Q.1
High percentage of CO2 and very low percentage of O2 may make a person unconscious due to ... [ KCET 2011 ]
0%
a) Eupnoea
0%
b) Emphysema
0%
c) Suffocation
0%
d) Asphyxia
Explanation
Asphyxia: a condition arising when the body is deprived of oxygen, causing unconsciousness or death; suffocation Answer : (d)
Q.2
A respiratory disease is .... { BHU 2006 ]
0%
a) Cancer
0%
b) Arthritis
0%
c) Polio
0%
d) Asthma
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.3
Haemoglobin has maximum affinity for ... [ Bih PMT 2004 ]
0%
a) CO
0%
b) CO2
0%
c) O2
0%
d) NH3
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.4
respiratory centre is situated in ...[BHU 1995 ]
0%
a) Cerebellum
0%
b) Medulla oblongata
0%
c) Hypothalamus
0%
d) Cerebrum
Explanation
The respiratory center (RC) is located in the medulla oblongata and pons, in the brainstem Answer : (b)
Q.5
In an oxygen association-dissociation curve, the curve shifts on an average about 15% to right. It causes:
0%
a) An increase in the pH of blood and P50 value.
0%
b) A decrease in the P50 value and decrease in the pH of blood.
0%
c) An increase in the p50 value decrease in the pH of blood.
0%
d) An increase in the alkalinity of blood by decreasing its pH.
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.6
A fully grown tadpole larva of frog respires through ... [ Bihar PMT 2001 ]
0%
a) Skin
0%
b) Gills
0%
c) Lungs
0%
d) Tail fin
Explanation
Tadpoles have tiny external gill flaps that extract oxygen from water as it passes over them. Tadpoles open their mouths as they swim and take in water. As the mouth closes, muscles transfer the water to the gills. These consist of thin membranes called lamellae, which take oxygen from the water where it enters the blood stream through the process of diffusion. Tadpoles can also rise to the surface and gulp oxygen from the air. As tadpoles mature the gills are absorbed by the body as other respiratory systems develop. Answer : (b)
Q.7
Partial pressure below arterial pO2 causes ....[ kerala 2003 ]
0%
a) Formation of bicarbonate
0%
b) Formation of carbaminohaemoglobin
0%
c) Production of carbonic acid
0%
d) Releases of CO2 from the cell
Explanation
Carbaminohemoglobin is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxide, and is one of the forms in which carbon dioxide exists in the blood. 23% binds to hemoglobin forming Carbaminohemoglobin( Hb-CO2 ) This happens when oxygen is in very low concentration and carbon dioxide is in very high concentration Answer : (b)
Q.8
Pneumotaxic centre occurs in .... [ CPMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Cerebellum
0%
b) Cerebrum
0%
c) Medulla oblongata
0%
d) Pons varolii
Explanation
Pneumotaxiccentre : A neural center in the upper part of the pons (or Pons varolii) that provides inhibitory impulses on inspiration and thereby prevents over streaching of the lungs and helps to maintain alternately recurrent inspiration and expiration Answer : (d)
Q.9
Maximum amount of oxygen is lost from blood in ... [ KCET 2006 ]
0%
a) Arteries of body
0%
b) Capillaries surrounding the alveoli <
0%
c) Left auricle of heart
0%
d) Capillaries surrounding the tissues
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.10
Lungs have a large number of narrow tubes called ...[Har. PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Alveoli
0%
b) Bronchioles
0%
c) Bronchi
0%
d) Alveolar ducts
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.11
In lungs there is definite exchange of ions between RBC and plasma. removal of CO2 from blood involves ... [ CPMT 2005 ]
0%
a) Influx of C' into RBC
0%
b) Efflux of Cl' from RBC
0%
c) Influx of HCO'3 ions in RBC
0%
d) Influx of HCO'3 ions from RBC
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.12
pCO2 released from body is ...[ Pb. PMT 1997]
0%
a) 15 mm
0%
b) 23 mm
0%
c) 30 mm
0%
d) 70 mm
Explanation
Actually Partial pressure of carbon dioxide at sea level in deoxygenated blood is between 35 mmHg and 45 mmHg. So nearer answer is 30 mmHg Answer : (c)
Q.13
Metabolic rate will be highest in ... [ Har PMT 2001 ]
0%
a) Elephant
0%
b) Rat
0%
c) Horse
0%
d) Human
Explanation
In endothermic and ectothermic animals, ie.warm and cold blooded animals, metabolic rates are inversely proportional to size of the organism. Answer : (b)
Q.14
In mammal, voice is produced by ...[MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Bronchus
0%
b) Syrinx
0%
c) Larynx
0%
d) Inhalation and exhalation
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.15
Respiratory system is derived from ...[CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Endoderm
0%
b) Mesoderm
0%
c) Ectoderm
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
The embryonic endoderm develops into the interior linings of two tubes in the body, the digestive and respiratory tube Answer : (a)
Q.16
Oxygen carrying capacity of blood is ....[ CPMT 1990 ]
0%
a) 20%
0%
b) 30%
0%
c) 40%
0%
d) 50%
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.17
Carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to respiratory surface by only ...[CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Plasma and erythrocytes
0%
b) Plasma
0%
c) Erythrocytes
0%
d) Erythrocytes and leucocytes
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.18
Hiccough ( hiccup) is due to activity of ....[ DPMT 2011 ]
0%
a) Intercostal muscles
0%
b) Food in air tract
0%
c) Diaphragm/ jerk incomplete inspiration
0%
d) Inadequate oxygen in environment
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.19
Match the columns and find correct combination.... [ HarPMT 2002 ]
a) Earth worm
i) Pulmonary
b) Human
ii) Branchial
c) Prawn
iii) Tracheal
d) Insects
Cutaneous
0%
a) a - (i); b - (ii), c - (iii), d - (iv)
0%
b) a - (iv), b - (i), c - (ii), d - (iii)
0%
c) a - (iii), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (i)
0%
d) a - (iv), b - (iii), c - (ii), d - (i)
Explanation
The respiration performed by the skin is called cutaneous respiration In earthworm skin is the only organ of respiration a - iv Pulmonary relating to the lungs b - i Branchial arches, or gill arches, are a series of bony "loops" present in fish, which support the gills. Prawn use gills to take oxygen out of the water to breathe c - ii insects breathe with a network of tiny tubes called tracheae. d - iii Answer : (b)
Q.20
Chloride shift is required for transport of .... [ CPMT 1990 ]
0%
a) Nitrogen
0%
b) Oxygen
0%
c) Carbon dioxide
0%
d) Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.21
In expiration, diaphragm becomes ...[ CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Flattened
0%
b) Relaxed
0%
c) Straightened
0%
d) Arched/ Dome-shaped
Explanation
Diaphragm gets dome-shaped during expiration due to relaxation of radial muscles. Hence, the correct option is (d) Answer : (d)
Q.22
Which is false? ...[Manipal 1995 ]
0%
a) Blood from right side of heart is carried to lungs by pulmonary artery
0%
b) Pleura is double covering of kidney
0%
c) Pancreas is both exocrine and endocrine gland
0%
d) Scurvy is due to vitamin C deficiency
Explanation
Pancreas: It is an endocrine gland producing several important hormones, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide which circulate in the blood. Answer : (c)
Q.23
The greatest quantity of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort is its ....[ AFMC 1997 ]
0%
a) Residual volume
0%
b) Tidal volume
0%
c) Vital capacity
0%
d) Lung volume
Explanation
vital capacity (VC) the greatest volume of gas that, following maximum inhalation, can be expelled during a complete, slow, forced exhalation; equal to inspiratory capacity plus expiratory reserve volume. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Match the columns ....[ KCET 1999 ]
Column I
Column II
a) Larynx
p) Lid of larynx
b) Trachea
q) Air sacs
c) Alveoli
r) Voice box
d) Epiglottis
s) Wind pipe
--
t) Common passage
0%
a) a - r ; b - s; c - q; d - p
0%
b) a - t ; b - s; c - p; d - q
0%
c) a - r ; b - s; c - q; d - t
0%
d) a - r ; b - t; c - q; d - p
Explanation
The larynx, commonly called the voice box, involved in breathing, producing sound, and protecting the trachea a-r a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe. b – s Alveoli air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange. c - q Epiglottis functions as a lid to thelarynx and, during the act of swallowing, controls the traffic of air and food d - p Answer : (a)
Q.25
Carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to respiratory surface by only ...[CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Plasma and erythrocytes
0%
b) Plasma
0%
c) Erythrocytes
0%
d) Erythrocytes and leucocytes
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.26
Approximately seventy percent of carbon dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs: ….[AIPMT 2014]
0%
a) by binding to R.B.C
0%
b) as carb amino - haemoglobin
0%
c) as bicarbonate ions
0%
d) in the form of dissolved gas molecules
Explanation
About 5-7% of all carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma. The remaining 93% diffuses into RBC (where 70% exist as bicarbonate ions and 23% binds to hemoglobin forming Hb-CO2). This affinity to RBC is explained by the abundance of carbonic anhydrase enzyme there. The latter one catalyzes the reaction between CO2 and H2O. Answer:(c)
Q.27
idal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL, respectively. What will be his Expiratory Capacity if the Residual Volume is 1200 mL? [NEET 2019]
0%
a) 1500 mL
0%
b) 1700 mL
0%
c) 2200 mL
0%
d) 2700 mL
Explanation
Tidal Volume = 500 ml Expiratory Reserve Volume = 1000 ml Expiratory Capacity = TV + ERV = 500 + 1000 = 1500 ml Answer:(a)
Q.28
Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder ? [NEET 2018]
0%
a) Botulism
0%
b) Silicosis
0%
c) Anthracis
0%
d) Emphysema
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.29
The iron containing haemoglobin pigment is a
0%
a) protein
0%
b) polysaccharide
0%
c) enzyme
0%
d) none of these
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.30
The process of breathing-in of oxygen rich air from outside is called
0%
a) expiration
0%
b) inspiration
0%
c) respiration
0%
d) oxidation
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.31
Ciliated epithelium in the trachea of mammals helps in
0%
a) sucking-in air
0%
b) pushing expired air out
0%
c) pushing mucus out
0%
d) keeping the alveolar air in circulation
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.32
A large proportion of oxygen is left unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the body tissues. This O2
0%
a) raises the PCO2 of blood to 75mm of Hg
0%
b) is enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin
0%
c) help in releasing more O2 to the epithelial tissues
0%
d) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.33
When, under certain conditions, the P50 value of haemoglobin rises, the affinity of the pigment of combining with O2 will
0%
a) remain same
0%
b) rise
0%
c) fall
0%
d) first rise and then fall
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.34
In human beings, oblique fissures are associated with
0%
a) right lung
0%
b) left lung
0%
c) both lungs
0%
d) none of the above
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.35
Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking :- …[AIPMT-2016]
0%
a) Emphysema
0%
b) Asthma
0%
c) Respiratory acidosis
0%
d) Respiratory alkalosis
Explanation
Emphysema is a long-term (chronic) lung disease. In emphysema, the tiny air sacs (alveoli) at the end of the airways in the lungs are damaged. When the air sacs are damaged or destroyed, their walls break down and the sacs become larger. These larger air sacs move less oxygen into the blood.Smoking is the most common cause. Asthma: A common lung disorder in which inflammation causes the bronchi to swell and narrow the airways, creating breathing difficulties that may range from mild to life-threatening. It is usually connected to allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include: Airborne substances, such as pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander or particles of cockroach waste Respiratory acidosis is a condition that occurs when the lungs can't remove enough of the carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the body. Excess CO2 causes the pH of blood and other bodily fluids to decrease, making them too acidic,Some common causes of the chronic form are: asthma; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute pulmonary edema;severe obesity (which can interfere with expansion of the lungs) ;neuromuscular disorders (such as multiple sclerosis or muscular dystrophy) Respiratory alkalosis is a disturbance in acid and base balance due to alveolar hyperventilation. Alveolar hyperventilation leads to a decreased partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). Answer:(a)
Q.36
Asthma may be attributed to : …[AIPMT-2016]
0%
a) bacterial infection of the lungs
0%
b) allergic reaction of the mast cells in the lungs
0%
c) inflammation of the trachea
0%
d) accumulation of fluid in the lungs
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.37
The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and/or characteristic. …[NEET 2013]
0%
a) A - trachea - long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting inspired air
0%
b) B-pleural membrane - surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing
0%
c) C-Alveoli - thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases
0%
d) D-Lower end of lungs - diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration
Explanation
A – Trachea B – Pleural membrane C – Alveoli D – Diaphragm Answer:(c)
Q.38
The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs is :- …[NEET 2016]
0%
a) Less than that in the blood
0%
b) Less than that of carbon dioxide
0%
c) Equal to that in the blood
0%
d) More than that in the blood
Explanation
Location
pO2 (mmHg)
Alveoli
80-100 (PaO2)
Arterial blood
80-100 (PaO2)
Venous blood
40-50
Lung Capillaries
20-40
Ambient air
160
Answer:(d)
Q.39
Lungs do not collapse between breaths and some air always remains in the lungs which can never be expelled because :- …[NEET 2016]
0%
a) There is a positive intrapleural pressure
0%
b) Pressure in the lungs is higher than the atmospheric pressure.
0%
c) There is a negative pressure in the lungs.
0%
d) There is a negative intrapleural pressure pulling at the lung walls
Explanation
intrapleural pressure (also called intrathoracic pressure) refers to the pressure within the pleural cavity. Normally, the pressure within the pleural cavity is slightly less than the atmospheric pressure, in what is known as negative pressure. Interpleural pressure keeps lungs partially expanded Answer:(d)
Q.40
Adult human RBCs are enucleate. Which of the following statement(s) is/are most appropriate explanation for this feature? ….[NEET- 2017] (a) They do not need to reproduce (b) They are somatic cells (c) They do not metabolize (d) All their internal space is available for oxygen transport
0%
a) Only (d)
0%
b) Only (a)
0%
c) a), (c) and (d)
0%
d) (b) and (c)
Explanation
In Human RBCs, nucleus degenerates during maturation which provide more space for oxygen carrying pigment (Haemoglobin). It lacks most of the cell organelles including mitochondria so respires anaerobically. Answer:(a)
Q.41
Name the pulmonary disease in which alveolar surface area involved in gas exchange is drastically reduced due to damage in the alveolar walls : [ ReAIPMT 2015]
0%
a) Asthma
0%
b) Pleurisy
0%
c) Emphysema
0%
d) Pneumonia
Explanation
Emphysema is a long-term (chronic) lung disease. In emphysema, the tiny air sacs (alveoli) at the end of the airways in the lungs are damaged. Answer:(c)
Q.42
When you hold your breath, which of the following gas changes in blood would first lead to the urge to breathe? …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) rising CO2 and falling O2 concentration
0%
b) falling O2 concentration
0%
c) rising CO2 concentration
0%
d) falling CO2 concentration
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.43
Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively ? [NEET 2018]
0%
a) Inflammation of bronchioles; Decreased respiratory surface
0%
b) Increased number of bronchioles; Increased respiratory surface
0%
c) Increased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
0%
d) Decreased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
Explanation
CO2 is what drives the urge to breathe, but it is actually blood pH primarily. CO2 as it rises drops blood pH and receptors pick up this change as the blood becomes more acidic. CO2 creates carbonic acid within the blood. So, the longer you hold your breath, the higher the CO2 levels become which translate to more acidic blood. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Match the items given Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below : [NEET 2018]
Column I
Column II
a. Tidal volume
i. 2500-3000 mL
b. Inspiratory Reserve
ii. 1100-1200 mL volume
c. Expiratory Reserve
iii. 500-550 mL volume
d. Residual volume
iv. 1000-1100 mL
0%
a) a -iii; b - ii; c - i; d -iv
0%
b) a -iii; b - i; c - iv; d -ii
0%
c) a -i; b - iv; c - ii; d -iii
0%
d) a -iv; b - iii; c - ii; d -i
Explanation
Tidal Volume (TV)
0.5L
Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV)
2 to 3L
Expiratory Reserve Volume(ERV)
1 to 1.1L
Residual Volume(RV)
1.1to 1.2L
Functional Residual Capacity(FRC) (ERV + RV)
2500 mL
Vital Capacity (VC) [T.V. + I.R.V. + E.R.V.]
3.5 to 4.5L
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) [RV+VC]
6000 mL
Minimal Volume (MV)
500 mL
inspiratory capacity (IC = IRV + VT)
6 L
Answer : (b)
Q.45
Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder ? [NEET 2018]
0%
a) Anthracis
0%
b) Silicosis
0%
c) Botulism
0%
d) Emphysema
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.46
Which of the following does not shift the oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
0%
a) increased pH
0%
b) increased carbon dioxide
0%
c) increased temperature
0%
d) 2,3-DPG
Explanation
Control factors
Change
Shift of curve
Temperature
increase/decrease
right shift /left shift
2,3-BPG
increase/decrease
right shift /left shift
pCO
2
increase/decrease
right shift /left shift
Ph [H
+
]
increase/decrease
left shift/right shift
Control factors Change Shift of curve Answer:(a)
Q.47
Which of the following is entirely made of cartilage?
0%
a) Nasal septum
0%
b) Larynx
0%
c) Glottis
0%
d) Trachea
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.48
Trachea divides into two right and left primary bronchi at the level of
0%
a) Seventh cervical vertebra
0%
b) Third thoracic vertebra
0%
c) Fifth thoracic vertebra
0%
d) Seventh thoracic vertebra
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.49
Contraction of diaphragm
0%
a) Increases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis
0%
b) Increases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis
0%
c) Decreases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis
0%
d) Decreases the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.50
Trachea and bronchi possess:
0%
a) Incomplete cartilaginous rings.
0%
b) Complete cartilaginous rings.
0%
c) Thick muscular wall.
0%
d) Thin muscular wall.
Explanation
Answer:(a)
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