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Quiz 1
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Q.1
Posterior lobe of pituitary/neurohypophysis secretes two hormones ... [ MPPMT 1991]
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a) Testosterone and androsterone
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b) Progesterone and estradiol
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c) Vasopressin and oxytocin
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d) Cortisone and corticosterone
Explanation
Oxytocin and vasopressin are the only known hormones released by the human posterior pituitary gland Answer : (c)
Q.2
Hormone which is more active than T4 is … [ MHTCET 2008]
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a) T1
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b) T2
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c) T3
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d) T5
Explanation
T4 is converted to the active T3, three to four times more potent than T4 Answer : (c)
Q.3
Which one opposes Parathormone? Explanation provided, click on
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a) ADH
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b) Insulin
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c) Thyroxine
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d) Thyrocalcitonin
Explanation
Thyrocalcitonin: A hormone, also called calcitonin opposes the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) Answer : (d)
Q.4
Assertion : Our body secretes adrenaline in intense cold Reason : Adrenaline raises metabolic rate Explanation provided, click on
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
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b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
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c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
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d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.5
Androgen is … [ KCET 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Gas
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b) Hormone
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c) Male flower
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d) Male hormone
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.6
Assertion : Iodine deficiency causes goiter Reason : Reduced iodine intake decreases thyroxine production [AIIMS 2012] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
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b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
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c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
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d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.7
The hormones produced by the neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus that passes through the pituitary portal circulation directly regulate the synthesis of:
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a) Hormones of neurohypophysis.
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b) Vasopressin.
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c) Ovarian hormones.
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d) Hormones of adenohypophysis.
Explanation
Correct
Q.8
Match the following columns and select the correct option. Explanation provided, click on
Column-I
Column-II
(a) Pituitary gland
(i) Grave’s disease
(b) Thyroid gland
(ii) Diabetes mellitus
(c) Adrenal gland
(iii)Diabetes insipidus
(d) Pancreas
(iv) Addison’s disease
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a) a → iii; b → i; c → iv; d → ii;
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b) a → ii; b → i; c → iv; d → iii;
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c) a → iv; b → iii; c → i; d → ii;
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d) a → iii; b → ii; c → i; d → iv;
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.9
than one correct answer Q2) Match the following hormones with the respective disease Select the correct option.[NEET 2019] Explanation provided, click on
(a) Insulin
(i) Addison's disease
(b) Thyroxin
(ii) Diabetes insipidus
(c) Corticoids
(iii) Acromegaly
(d) Growth Hormone
(iv) Goitre
- -
(v) Diabetes mellitus
0%
a) a → v; b → i; c → ii; d → iii;
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b) a → ii; b → v; c → iii; d → i;
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c) a → v; b → v; c → i; d → iii;
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d) a → ii; b → v; c → i; d → iii;
Explanation
• Insulin deficiency leads to diabetes mellitus • Hypersecretion or hyposecretion of thyroxine can be associated with enlargement of thyroid gland called goitre • Deficiency of corticoids (Glucocorticoid + mineralocorticoid) leads to Addison's disease • Growth hormone hypersecretion in adults leads to Acromegaly Answer : (c)
Q.10
Which of the following is an amino acid derived hormone ? Explanation provided, click on
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a) Estradiol
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b) Ecdysone
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c) Epinephrine
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d) Estriol
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.11
Select the correct statement. Explanation provided, click on
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a) Insulin acts on pancreatic cells and adipocytes.
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b) Insulin is associated with hyperglycemia.
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c) Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
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d) Glucagon is associated with hypoglycemia.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.12
Insulin is ... ..[ CBSE 1990] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Vitamin
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b) Lipid
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c) Hormone
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d) Enzyme
Explanation
Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Myxoedema is due to …[ MPPMT 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Decreased production of thyroxine
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b) Increased production of thyroxine
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c) Excess GH
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d) Decreased insulin
Explanation
Myxoedema the more general condition associated with hypothyroidism, including weight gain, mental dullness, and sensitivity to cold. This dis¬ease is caused by hypo (decreased) activity of thy¬roid gland in adult. It is also caused by the hypo secretion of pituitary TSH. Answer : (a)
Q.14
Thymosin hormone is secreted by … [ DPMT 2011] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
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b) Thymus
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c) Parathyroid
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d) Hypothalamus
Explanation
Thymosin is the hormone of the thymus, thymus gland, located behind your sternum and between your lungs, is only active until puberty. After puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and become replaced by fat. and it stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells Answer : (b)
Q.15
Match the column Explanation provided, click on
a)ANF
p. Regulates blood calcium level
b)MSH
q. Decrease blood pressure
c)GIP
r. Pigmentation
d)TCT
s. Inhibits gastric secretion
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a) a-q, b-r, c-s, d- p
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b) a-s, b-p, c-q, d- r
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c) a-q, b-p, c-s, d-r
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d) a-s, b-p, c-r, d-q
Explanation
atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) a hormone produced in the cardiac atrium; it effect is increased excretion of water and sodium and alowering of blood pressure, which reduces the workload of the heart.a - q Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) : A pituitary gland hormone that causes darkening of the skin by increasing the production of melamine b-r Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)c- s Thyrocalcitonin(TCT) secreted by thyroid regulates the blood calcium levels. d- p Answer : (a)
Q.16
Oedema is symptom of …[ MHTCET 2011] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Disease
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b) Gilchrist disease
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c) Gull’s disease
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d) Gingivitis
Explanation
Oedema means swelling The classic presentation of myxedema or Gull's Disease is swelling of the face, with firm skin Answer : (c)
Q.17
Undersecretion of thyroxine/ hypothyroidism in child causes ... [ Tamil Nadu 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Goitre
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b) Cretinism
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c) Dwarfism
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d) Acromegaly
Explanation
The most common cause of Cretinism is Under-secretion of thyroxine/ hypothyroidism in child Answer : (b)
Q.18
Which one correctly matched with the accompanying description? … [ AIIMS 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pancreas – Delta cells of islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone which stimulates glycolysis in liver
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b) Thyroid – Hyperactivity in young children causes cretinism
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c) Thymus –Starts undergoing atrophy after puberty
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d) Parathyroid- Secretes Parathormone that promotes movement of Ca2+ ions from blood into bones during calcification
Explanation
a. Pancreas – Delta cells of islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone insulin. Which controls it promotes the uptake and metabolism of glucose by the body’s cells. Incorrect match b. Thyroid - Under-secretion of thyroxine/ hypothyroidism in child. Incorrect match c. Thymus gland,. After puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and become replaced by fat. and it stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells. Correct Match d.parathyroid hormone stimulates the release of calcium from large calcium stores in the bones into the bloodstream. This increases bone destruction and decreases the formation of new bone. But not movement of Ca2+ ions from blood to bone. Incorrect Match Answer : (c)
Q.19
Hypothyroidism causes … [ Pb PMT 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Bohr disease
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b) Diabetes mellitus
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c) Cretinism and myxoedema
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d) Diabetes insipidus
Explanation
Decreased production of thyroxinecauses Cretinism and myxoedema Diabetes mellitus,cause due to less secretion of insulin or could not utilize or combination of both. Diabetes insipidus occurs when body can't regulate body fluids. Answer : (c)
Q.20
A tadpole with surgically removed thyroid gland can be made to metamorphose if .. ..[ CPMT 1997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Given an injection of TSH
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b) Fed on dried thyroid gland
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c) Given an injection of oxytocin
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d) Given an injection of thyroxine
Explanation
thyroid gland produce thyroxine , thus injection of thyroxine will cause made to metamorphose Answer : (d)
Q.21
Relaxin is produced by … [ BHU 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Testis
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b)Adrenals
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c) Pituitary
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d) Ovary
Explanation
In females, relaxin is produced mainly by the corpus luteum, The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in female ovaries Answer : (d)
Q.22
Hormone term was coined by ... .. [ CPMT 1990] Explanation provided, click on
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a) E.H.Starling
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b) G.W.Harris
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c) E.H.Schally
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d) W.M.bayliss
Explanation
The word "hormone" was coined by the English physiologists Wm. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling in connection with their discovery of secretin, the first hormone, in 1902. Answer : (a)
Q.23
Father of endocrinology is … [ BHU 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Einthoven
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b) Addison
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c) Pasteur
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d) Whittaker
Explanation
Thomas Addison is considered as 'The Father of Endocrinology'. Answer : (b)
Q.24
Diabetes insipidus is due to … [ CPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hyposecretion of pituitary hormone
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b) Hyper-secretion of pituitary hormone
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c) Excess of insulin
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d) Deficiency of insulin
Explanation
Diabetes insipidus occurs when body can't regulate body fluids. Diabetes insipidus is due to hyposecretion of pituitary hormone, vasopressin Answer : (a)
Q.25
Acromegaly/Gigantism is caused by … [ BHU 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hyper-secretion of FSH
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b) Hyper-secretion of ACTH
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c) Hyper-secretion of ACTH
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d) Hyper-secretion of GH/STH
Explanation
Too much growth hormone (hypersecretion of GH/STH) can cause abnormal growth patterns called acromegaly in adults and gigantism in children Answer : (d)
Q.26
Compounds of biological systems which actuate chemical reactions are … [ Bih PMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Vitamins
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b)Hormones
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c) Enzymes
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d) Fats
Explanation
actuate meaning is make (someone) act in a particular way; motivate. Hormone, organic substance secreted by plants and animals that functions in the regulation of physiological activities and in maintaining homeostasis. Hormones carry out their functions by evoking responses from specific organs or tissues that are adapted to react to minute quantities of them. Answer : (b)
Q.27
Failure or reduced insulin production causes ... [ MPPMT 1992] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Diabetes mellitus
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b) Diabetes insipidus
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c) Addison's disease
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d) Cushing's disease
Explanation
Diabetes mellitus, cause due to less secretion of insulin or could not utilize or combination of both. Answer : (a)
Q.28
Find out correct matching Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid – Hyperactivity in young children causes cretinism
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b) Parathyroid – Secretes Parathormone which promotes movement of calcium ion from blood into bones during calcification
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c) Thymus – Starts undergoing atrophy after puberty
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d) Pancreas – Delta cells of islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone which stimulates glycolysis in liver
Explanation
Cretinism is due to absence or decreased function of thyroid. Match ‘a’ wrong Increased PTH causes the bones to release their calcium into the blood. Match ‘b’ wrong The pancreas has two main functions: an exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar. Match ‘d’ wrong Match ‘c’ is correct Answer : (c)
Q.29
Which is not a secondary messenger? [ CBSE 2006] Explanation provided, click on
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a) cAMP
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b) cGMP
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c) Calcium
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d) Sodium
Explanation
There are 3 major classes of second messengers: 1. cyclic nucleotides (e.g., cAMP and cGMP) 2. inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) 3. calcium ions (Ca2+) cAMP is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). cGMP acts as a second messenger much like cyclic AMP. Calcium ions (Ca2+) play an important role in signal transduction pathways, where they act as a second messenger, inneurotransmitter release from neurons, in contraction of all muscle cell types, and in fertilization. Answer : (d)
Q.30
Endocrine gland for combating emergency is … [ CPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenal cortex
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b) Adrenal medulla
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c) Pancreas
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d) Parathyroid
Explanation
The inner portion of the adrenal gland, known as the medulla, secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, the hormones important in the "fight or flight" reaction to a threat or sudden stress. The medulla "emergency gland" develops from nervous tissue; the autonomic nervous system controls its secretions. Answer : (b)
Q.31
Which statement are false and true a)Calcitonin regulates metabolism of calcium b)Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth c)Grave’s disease is caused by malfunctioning of adrenal-gland d)ADH stimulates absorption of water and increase the urine production Explanation provided, click on
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a) a and d are true, b and c are false
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b) a b and d are true c is false
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c) a and b are true, c and d are false
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d) a,b and c are true, d only false
Explanation
Statement c is wrong as Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism Statement d is wrong as ADH tells your kidneys how much water to conserve.ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood. Answer : (c)
Q.32
Adrenal gland is associated with ... ..[ AFMC 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pancreas
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b) Kidney
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c) brain
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d) Pharynx
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.33
Which of the following regulates serum calcium concentration …[ CPMT 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenaline
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b) Noradrenaline
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c) Parathormone
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d) Thyroxine
Explanation
Adrenaline controls functions such as the heart rate, dilation of the pupils, and secretion of sweat and saliva. norepinephrine increases heart rate and blood pressure, triggers the release of glucose from energy stores, increases blood flow to skeletal muscle, reduces blood flow to the gastrointestinal system, and inhibits voiding of the bladder and gastrointestinal motility. Parathormone also called parathyroid hormone, substance produced and secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates serum calcium concentration. Thyroxinethyroid hormones play vital roles in regulating the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development and maintenance of bones. Answer : (c)
Q.34
Which is true of thyrocalcitonin? [ RPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Produced by parathyroid, decreases Ca in ECF
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b) Produced by thyroid, decreases Ca in ECF
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c) Produced by parathyroid, increases Ca in ECF
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d) Produced by thyroid, increases Ca in ECF
Explanation
Thyrocalcitonin: A hormone, also called calcitonin, produced by the thyroid gland that lowers the levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood and promotes the formation of bone. Answer : (b)
Q.35
Find the correct answer about LH in females 1.Facilitates luteinisation of granulosa cells of ovulated follicle 2.Called ovulation hormone 3.Helps in milk secretion 4.Activates Leydig cells to secrete androgen Explanation provided, click on
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a) 1,2,3 correct
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b) 1,2 correct
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c) 2,4 correct
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d) 1,3 correct
Explanation
LH in females ovulation, maintaining of corpus luteum and secretion of progesterone. Statement 1 and 2 correct Prolactin levels increase approximately ten-fold and stimulate milk formation. LH have no effect on Prolactin. Statement 3 wrong Androgen is secreted in male by LH. and quqestion is about female Statement 4 is wrong Answer : (b)
Q.36
Brick red colour in Benedict’s test indicates percentage of sugar in urine Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Nil
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b) 0.5
0%
c) 1.0
0%
d) 2.0
Explanation
Brick red colour in Benedict’s test indicates large amount of reducing sugar in urine. A greenish precipitate indicates about 0.5 g% concentration; yellow precipitate indicates 1 g% concentration; orange indicates 1.5 g% and red indicates 2 g% or higher concentration. Answer : (d)
Q.37
Uterian contraction at the child birth is stimulated by / birth hormone is ... [ BHU 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Progesterone
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b) Prolactin
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c) Oxytocin
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d) Adrenaline
Explanation
The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation. Oxytocin stimulates the uterine muscles to contract and also increases production of prostaglandins, which increase the contractions further. Answer : (c)
Q.38
Myxoedema occurs due to …[ CPMT 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hyper secretion of thyroid hormone
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b) Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
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c) Hyper secretion of Parathormone
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d) Hyposecretion of Parathormone
Explanation
Myxoedema the more general condition associated with hypothyroidism or hyposecrtion of thyroid hormone, including weight gain, mental dullness, and sensitivity to cold. This dis-ease is caused by hypo (decreased) activity of thy¬roid gland in adult. It is also caused by the hyposecretion of pituitary TSH. Answer : (b)
Q.39
Somatostatin is produced in:
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a) Delta cells of pancreas.
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b) Anterior pituitary.
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c) Hypothalamus.
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d) Both (A) and (C).
Explanation
Correct
Q.40
Which of the following pairs of hormones are not antagonistic to each other?
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a) Aldosterone – Atrial natriuretic factor.
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b) Parathormone – Calcitonin.
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c) Insulin – Glucagon.
0%
d) Relaxin – Inhibin.
Explanation
Correct
Q.41
ormones thyroxine and adrenaline and pigment melanin are formed from …[ CBSE 1997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glycine
0%
b) Tryptophan
0%
c) Tyrosine
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d) Proline
Explanation
Tyrosine through different metabolic pathways it produces thyroxine, adrenaline, melanin etc. Tyrosine : It aids in the production of melanin (the pigment responsible for skin and hair color) and in the functions of the adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary glands. It is a precursor of adrenaline and the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine, which regulate mood and stimulate metabolism and the nervous system. Answer : (c)
Q.42
Effect of prolactin hormone is on … ..[MPPMT 1993] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Liver
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b)Pancreas
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c) Mammary gland
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d) Bones
Explanation
Prolactin, also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein that is best known for its role in enabling mammals, usually females, to produce milk or mammary gland. Answer : (c)
Q.43
Hormone produced in allergic reaction is … [ AFMC 1997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glucocorticoid
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b) Mineralocorticoid
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c) Norepinephrine
0%
d) Epinephrine
Explanation
Glucocorticoid are part of the feedback mechanism in the immune system which reduces certain aspects of immune function, such as reduction of inflammation Glucocorticoid are prescribed for their immunosuppressive, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergenic effects and are integral to the management of numerous conditions, including malignancies, transplantation, autoimmune and allergic diseases. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Triple 'F' or gland for flight, fight and fright/ Life saving/emergency gland is .. ..[ KCET 200] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
0%
b) Thymus
0%
c) Adrenal
0%
d) Pituitary
Explanation
Adrenaline called noradrenaline (or norepinephrine), and the sympathetic nervous system control the "fight or flight" response in humans. This response is a set of rapid body changes that help us to either deal with an emergency or escape from the problem Answer : (c)
Q.45
FSH is involved in …[ CPMT 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Ovulation
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b) Spermatogenesis
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c) Control of blood sugar
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d) Growth
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.46
Hormone that promotes cell division, protein synthesis and bone growth is …[ AFMC 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ADH
0%
b) ACTH
0%
c) PTH
0%
d) GH
Explanation
Growth hormone (GH), peptide hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone. Answer : (d)
Q.47
The one used for treatment of thyroid cancer is .. [ CBSE 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Ra-224
0%
b) I-131
0%
c) U- 238
0%
d) C – 14
Explanation
When a small dose of radioactive iodine I-131 (an isotope of iodine that emits radiation) is swallowed, it is absorbed into the bloodstream and concentrated by the thyroid gland, where it begins destroying the gland's cells. Thus used for treatment of thyroid cancer Answer : (b)
Q.48
Steroid hormones are derived from …[ Bih PMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Cholesterol
0%
b) Corticoid
0%
c) NAD
0%
d) Protein
Explanation
Cholesterol is the precursor of the five major classes of steroid hormones: progestagens, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, androgens, and estrogens Answer : (a)
Q.49
Secretin stimulates secretion of ... .. [ BHU 2000 ] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Liver
0%
b) Gall bladder
0%
c) Pancreas
0%
d) Stomach
Explanation
Secretin primary role is to stimulate the pancreas to secrete digestive fluids that are rich in bicarbonate and neutralise the acids from the stomach as they pass into the small intestine. Answer : (c)
Q.50
Placenta produces hormone ..[ Har PMT 2005] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) ACTH
0%
b) Progesterone
0%
c) GH
0%
d) Gastrin
Explanation
During human pregnancy, progesterone is produced in increasingly high amounts by the ovaries and placenta. Answer : (b)
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