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Chemical Coordination And Regulation Mcq
Quiz 10
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Q.1
Prostaglandins have no role in
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a) smooth muscle contraction
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b) inflammatory and allergic reactions
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c) blood clotting
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d) conduction of nerve impulses.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.2
Estrogen and testosterone are steroid hormones and are most likely to bind to:
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a) Membrane ion channels.
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b) Enzyme linked membrane receptors.
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c) G protein linked membrane receptors.
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d) Intracellular receptors.
Explanation
Correct
Q.3
Choose the mismatched pair from the following:
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a) Thymosin – Peptide.
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b) Thyrocalcitonin – Iodothyronin.
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c) Atrial natriuretic factor – Peptide
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d) Epinephrine – Amino acid derivative.
Explanation
Correct
Q.4
Write full form of ACTH?
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a) Adrenal Cortical Tropic hormone
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b) Adrenocortico Target hormone
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c) Adrenocortex Tropic hormone
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d) Adrenocortico Tropic hormone
Explanation
Correct
Q.5
Which one of the following pairs correctly matched a hormone with a disease resulting its deficiency?
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a) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus.
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b) Relaxin – Gigantism.
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c) Prolactin – Cretinism.
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d) Parathormone – Tetany.
Explanation
Correct
Q.6
Which of the following is correct for somatotropic hormone?
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a) Optimal secretion of it can retards protein synthesis
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b) Less secretions of it causes Giantism
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c) More secretion of it causes Dwarfism
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d) In adult, its more secretion causes enlargement of lower jaw
Explanation
Correct
Q.7
By which structure, hypothalamus is connected with anteriore lobe of pituitary gland?
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a) Bands of white fibres from cerebellar region
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b) Dendrites of neurohypophysis
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c) Axons of neurohypophysis
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d) Hypophysial portal system
Explanation
Correct
Q.8
Select the answer which correctly matches the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes and its function/ deficiency symptom .. [NEET 2013] Explanation provided, click on
Endocrine gland ;
Hormone
Function/deficiency symptoms
(1) Anterior pituitary
Oxytocin
Stimulates uterus contraction during child birth
(2) Posterior pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH)
Over secretion stimulates abnormal growth
(3) Thyroid gland
Thyroxine
Lack of iodine in diet results in goitre
(4) Corpus luteum
Testosterone
Stimulates spermatogenesis;
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a) (1)
0%
b) (2)
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c) (3)
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d) (4)
Explanation
The anterior pituitary gland secretes six hormones. In this lesson, you will learn the functions of the hormones: growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) . Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and is secreted into the bloodstream by the posterior pituitary gland. Thus (1) is wrong The posterior pituitary doesn't produce hormones, but only stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus Thus (2) is wrong The corpus luteumsecretes progesterone, which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance, respectively. Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). Thus (4) is wrong Thyroid gland produces Thyroxine. Lack of iodine in diet results in goitre. Thus (3) is correct Answer:(c)
Q.9
Graves' disease is caused due to :- …[NEET 2016] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hyposecretion of adrenal gland
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b) Hypersecretion of adrenal gland
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c) Hyposecretion of thyroid gland
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d) Hypersecretion of thyroid gland
Explanation
Graves' disease is an immune system disorder that results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism). Answer:(d)
Q.10
Name a peptide hormone which acts mainly on hepatocytes, adipocytes and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilization. …[NEET 2016] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Secretin
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b) Gastrin
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c) Insulin
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d) Glucagon
Explanation
A hepatocyte is a cell of the main parenchymal tissue of the liver. A large fraction of glucose absorbed from the small intestine is immediately taken up by hepatocytes, which convert it into the storage polymer glycogen. Insulin has several effects in liver which stimulate glycogen synthesis. The major effects of insulin on muscle and adipose tissue are: (a) Carbohydrate metabolism : it increases the rate of glucose transport across the cell membrane, (b) it increases the rate of glycolysis by increasing hexokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase activity, (c) it stimulates the rate of glycogen synthesis and decreases the rate of glycogen breakdown. Insulin is also important in Lipid metabolism, Protein metabolism Answer:(c)
Q.11
The posterior pituitary gland is not a 'true' endocrine gland because :- …[NEET 2016] Explanation provided, click on
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a) It is under the regulation of hypothalamus
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b) It secretes enzymes
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c) It is provided with a duct
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d) It only stores and releases hormones
Explanation
The posterior pituitary doesn't produce hormones, but only stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus Answer:(d)
Q.12
GnRH, a hypothalamic hormone, needed in reproduction, acts on ….[NEET- 2017] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and oxytocin
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b) Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH
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c) Posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of oxytocin and FSH
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d) Posterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of LH and relaxin
Explanation
Hypothalamus secretes GnRH which stimulates anterior pituitary gland for the secretion of gonadotropins (FSH and LH). Answer:(b)
Q.13
Which one of the following hormones though synthesised elsewhere, is stored and released by the master gland ? [ ReAIPMT 2015] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Melanocyte stimulating hormone
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b) Antidiuretic hormone
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c) Luteinizing hormone
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d) Prolactin
Explanation
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that is produced in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. It is then stored and released from the pituitary, a small gland at the base of the brain.ADH acts on the kidneys to control the amount of water excreted in the urine Answer:(b)
Q.14
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of ….[NEET- 2017] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Renin
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b) Atrial Natriuretic Factor
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c) Aldosterone
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d) ADH
Explanation
A decrease in blood pressure / volume stimulates the release of renin, aldosterone, and ADH while increase in blood pressure / volume stimulates the release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) which cause vasodilation and also inhibits RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System) mechanism that decreases the blood volume/pressure. Answer:(b)
Q.15
Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in adults does not cause further increase in height, because ….[NEET- 2017] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Growth Hormone becomes inactive in adults
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b) Epiphyseal plates close after adolescence
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c) Bones loose their sensitivity to Growth Hormone in adults
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d) Muscle fibres do not grow in size after birth
Explanation
Epiphyseal plate is responsible for the growth of bone which close after adolescence so hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults does not cause further increase in height. Answer:(b)
Q.16
Which one of the following hormones is not involved in sugar metabolism ? [ ReAIPMT 2015] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glucagon
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b) Cortisone
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c) Aldosterone
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d) Insulin
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.17
Which one of the following hormones is not involved in sugar metabolism ? [ ReAIPMT 2015] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glucagon
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b) Cortisone
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c) Aldosterone
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d) Insulin
Explanation
In our body, cortisol is the main glucocorticoid. Corticoids, which regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in our body are called mineralocorticoids. Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid in our body. Aldosterone acts mainly at the renal tubules and stimulates the reabsorption of Na+ and water and excretion of K+ and phosphate ions. aldosterone helps in the maintenance of electrolytes, body fluid volume, osmotic pressure and blood pressure. Small amounts of androgenic steroids are also secreted by the adrenal cortex which play a role in the growth of axial hair, pubic hair and facial hair during puberty Aldosterone regulates balance of water electrolyte in body. Pancreatic α-cell hormones Glucagon is a key catabolic hormone secreted by pancreatic α-cells. It opposes the effects of insulin by stimulating hepatic glucose production to sustain plasma glucose levels during fasting conditions. Pancreatic β-cell hormones Insulin is a key anabolic hormone that is secreted from pancreatic β-cells in response to increased blood glucose and amino acids following ingestion of a meal. Answer:(c)
Q.18
ormones secreted by the placenta to maintain pregnancy are [NEET 2018] Explanation provided, click on
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a) hCG, hPL, progestogens, prolactin
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b) hCG, hPL, estrogens, relaxin, oxytocin
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c) hCG, hPL, progestogens, estrogens
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d) hCG, progestogens, estrogens, glucocorticoids
Explanation
The first hormone produced is called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). hCG helps maintain the corpus luteum during the early stages of pregnancy It works synergistically with human placental lactogen (hPL), which is a hormone secreted by the placenta that promotes mammary gland growth in preparation for lactation. estrogen is also produced by the placenta during pregnancy to help maintain a healthy pregnancy. Progesterone. This hormone is produced by the ovaries and by the placenta during pregnancy. Answer : (c)
Q.19
Which of the following is an amino acid derived hormone ? … … [NEET 2018] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Epinephrine
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b) Ecdysone
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c) Estradiol
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d) Estriol
Explanation
The amino acid-derived hormones are relatively small molecules that are derived from the amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan amino acid-derived hormones include epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are synthesized in the medulla of the adrenal glands, and thyroxine, which is produced by the thyroid gland. The pineal gland in the brain makes and secretes melatonin which regulates sleep cycles. Answer : (a)
Q.20
The hormone which regulates the basal metabolism in our body is secreted from:
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a) Pancreas.
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b) Pituitary.
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c) Adrenal cortex.
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d) Thyroid.
Explanation
Correct
Q.21
Hyperglycemia is characterised by: (i) Polydipsia. (ii) Ketosis. (iii) Frequent urination. (iv) Increased blood cholesterol level.
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a) (ii) and (iii) only.
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b) (i), (ii) and (iv) only.
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c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only.
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d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
Explanation
Correct
Q.22
What is cause of exophthalmic goiter?
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a) Oversecretion of parathroid
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b) Under secretion of parathyroid
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c) Less secretion of thyroid
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d) Oversecretion of thyroid
Explanation
Correct
Q.23
Pancreas is a Heterocrine gland found near abdomen in the abdominal region of the body. Its endocrine part contains Islets of Langerhans. Which one is true regarding the same?
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a) Beta cells secrete somatostatin and promote gluconeogenesis.
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b) Delta cells secrete insulin and inhibit glucogenolysis.
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c) Alpha cells secrete glucagon and promote glycogenesis.
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d) Alpha cells secrete glucagon and promote lipolysis and proteolysis.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.24
How many parathyroid glands are present in humans?
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a) 1
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b) 2
0%
c) 3
0%
d) 4
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.25
Under secretion of which hormone can cause diabetes mellitus?
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a) ADH
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b) Aldesterone
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c) Vasopressin
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d) Insulin
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.26
Which of the following is not primary endocrine gland?
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a) Thymus
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b) Parathyroid gland
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c) Adrenal medulla
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d) Corpus luteum
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.27
Find out the correct statement:
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a) Glucagon prevents the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in liver.
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b) Somatostatin promote the secretion of glucagon and insulin.
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c) β cells of Islets of Langerhans secrets the hormone glucagon.
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d) Pineal gland functions as biological clock and a neurosecretory transducer.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.28
Hypersecretion of Parathormone results in:
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a) No effect on the constitution of bones.
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b) Deposition of calcium in various skeletal structure.
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c) Stronger bones due to increased incorporation of calcium in them.
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d) Weaker bones due to increased removal of calcium from them.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.29
How many features are applicable to hormones? (i) Non – nutrient chemicals. (ii) Intracellular messengers. (iii) Released in blood or open spaces. (iv) Produced in trace amount.
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a) None.
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b) One.
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c) Two.
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d) Three.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.30
Type II diabetes mellitus occurs due to the deficiency/absence of:
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a) Glucagon receptors
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b) Alpha cells
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c) Beta cells.
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d) Insulin receptors.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.31
Which one of the following is proteinaceous in nature?
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a) Oxytocin.
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b) FSH.
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c) Thyroxine.
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d) Progesterone.
Explanation
Peptide hormones or protein hormones are hormones whose molecules are peptides or proteins, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) amylin angiotensin atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) calcitonin cholecystokinin (CCK) gastrin ghrelin glucagon growth hormone follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) insulin leptin melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) oxytocin parathyroid hormone (PTH) prolactin renin somatostatin thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) vasopressin vasoactive intestinal peptide
Q.32
Statement x: There is one hormone receptor for insulin and glucogen Statement y: Hormone receptors are specific
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a) x and y are correct and y is correct explanation of x
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b) x and y are correct and y is not correct explanation of x
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c) x is correct and y is wrong
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d) y is correct and x is wrong
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.33
Which option shows self regulating hormone ?
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a) Insulin, glucagon, Mineralocorticoids oxytocin
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b) Insulin, glucagon oxytocin
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c) Insulin LH Mineralocorticoids
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d) None of the given
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.34
Read the following statements and choose the incorrect one:
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a) Parathormone and Thyrocalcitonin shows antagonistic effects.
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b) Conn’s syndrome occurs due to the Hypersecretion of aldosterone.
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c) Zona glomerulosa is the outer layer of adrenal cortex and it mainly helps in the secretion of Glucocorticoids.
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d) Osteitis fibrosa cystica is the formation of cyst like brown tumours in and around the bone.
Explanation
adrenal cortex: The outer portion of the adrenal glands that produces hormones essential to homeostasis. zona glomerulosa: The outermost layer of the adrenal cortex, responsible for producing mineralocorticoids such as aldosterone. zona fasciculata: The middle layer of the adrenal cortex, responsible for producing glucocorticoids such as cortisol. zona reticularis: The inner most layer of the adrenal cortex, responsible for producing androgens such as DHEA.
Q.35
Thyroid gland function is best monitored by:
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a) Total thyroxine.
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b) Level of protein bound iodine.
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c) BMR.
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d) Level of TSH in blood.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.36
Hormones reach their target organs via:
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a) ICF.
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b) Lymph.
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c) Ducts.
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d) Blood.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.37
Myxoedema in adults is characterised by:
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a) Loss in body weight.
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b) A low metabolic rate.
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c) Tendency to retain water in tissues.
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d) Both (B) and (C).
Explanation
Correct
Q.38
Glucagon and insulin are :
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a) Secreted from same cell and are same in function
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b) Antagonistic secretion action and similar function
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c) Secreted from same cells but are opposite in function
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d) Secreted from different cells but are opposite in function
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.39
Chemically the hormones are :
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a) Proteins only
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b) Biogenic amines only
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c) Steroids only
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d) Proteins, steroids and biogenic amines.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.40
Assertion: Hormones that use membrane bound receptors regulate gene action. Reason: Hormones that use intercellular receptors regulate cellular metabolism.
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
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b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
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c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
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d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Explanation
CORRECT
Q.41
Which of the following hormone is related with the pigmentation of skin?
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d) MSH.
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a) ACTH.
0%
b) FSH.
0%
c) LSH
Explanation
Correct
Q.42
Which of the given statement is correct for delta cells secretion and function?
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a) Melatonin; stimulate Insulin
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b) Insulin; stimulates glucose conversion in to glycogen
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c) Somatostatin; stimulates GH
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d) Somatostatin; Inhibits GH
Explanation
Correct
Q.43
Which of the following hormones produce synergistic effect?
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a) Estrogen, Relaxin and Testosterone.
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b) ACTH, MSH and hGH.
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c) Glucagon, Insulin and Somatostatin.
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d) Estrogen, Progesterone and Prolactin.
Explanation
Correct
Q.44
Identify the wrong statement regarding the chemical nature of hormones:
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a) Steroid hormones produced by gonads and adrenal cortex.
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b) Catecholamines are produced by adrenal medulla.
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c) Tropic hormones are mainly proteins.
0%
d) FSH and LH belong to nanopeptide hormones.
Explanation
Correct
Q.45
Statement x: Many physiological reactions and developemental processes are affected by steroid hormone Statement y: As they regulate gene expression by interaction of membrane bound receptors complex
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a) x and y are correct and y is correct explanation of x
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b) x and y are correct and y is not correct explanation of x
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c) x is correct and y is wrong
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d) y is correct and x is wrong
Explanation
Correct
Q.46
It is steroid hormone of thyroid
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a) TCT
0%
b) T3
0%
c) T4
0%
d) None of the given
Explanation
Correct
Q.47
A hormone that has intracellular receptors would be
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a) Melatonin.
0%
b) ADH.
0%
c) ACTH.
0%
d) Aldosterone.
Explanation
Correct
Q.48
How many hormones given below are secreted by placenta? (i) Progesterone. (ii) Estrogen. (iii) Relaxin. (iv) hCG. (v) hPL.
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a) Two.
0%
b) Three.
0%
c) Four.
0%
d) Five.
Explanation
Correct
Q.49
Which hormone is control by nerve axon of hypothalamus
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a) ACTH and TSH
0%
b) TSH
0%
c) ACTH
0%
d) Oxytocin
Explanation
Correct
Q.50
Choose the option which has hyperglycemic hormone, hypercalcemic hormone and catecholamines respectively:
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a) ACTH, Thyroxine, Progesterone.
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b) Adrenaline, FSH, Norepinephrine.
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c) TCT, Thyroxine, Adrenaline.
0%
d) Glucagon, PTH, Epinephrine.
Explanation
Correct
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