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Q.1
Diabetes insipidus is under control of …[ MPPMT 19997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ACTH
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b) TSH
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c) ADH
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d) Aldosterone
Explanation
Diabetes insipidus is an uncommon disorder that causes an imbalance of water in the body. This imbalance leads to intense thirst even after drinking fluids (polydipsia), and excretion of large amounts of urine (polyuria). ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood. Answer : (c)
Q.2
Anterior lobe of pituitary secretes ...[ MPPMT 1990] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ACTH, TSH and oxytocin
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b) TSH, ADH and prolactin
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c) STH, GH and ADH
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d) FSH, GH and LH
Explanation
The anterior pituitary contains five types of endocrine cell, and they are defined by the hormones they secrete: somatotropes (GH); Lactotropes (PRL); gonadotropes (LH and FSH); corticotropes (ACTH) and thyrotropes (TSH). Answer : (d)
Q.3
Thyroidectomies tadpole will metamorphose by administration of … [ RPMT 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pituitary extract
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b) Thyroxine
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c) TSH
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d) Iodine
Explanation
Thyroidectomies tadpole will metamorphose by administration of Thyroxine Answer : (b)
Q.4
Which of the following is true about pituitary gland?
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a) It stimulates both milk synthesis and its ejection.
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b) It is responsible for pigmentation of skin.
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c) It is known as master gland.
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d) All of the above.
Explanation
Correct
Q.5
Gull’s disease is related to deficient working of … [ Kerala 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
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b) Parathyroid
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c) Adrenal cortex
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d) Gonads
Explanation
Myxedema or Gull's Disease is caused due to malfunction of the thyroid gland with a reduced ability to supply secretions necessary for metabolism due to degeneration, atrophy, and subsequent inactivity of the thyroid gland. Myxedema or Gull's Disease is found more in females than males. Answer : (a)
Q.6
Adrenal cortex produces …[CPMT 1993] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenaline
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b)Epinephrine
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c) Aldosterone
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d) Calcitonin
Explanation
Adrenaline controls functions such as the heart rate, dilation of the pupils, and secretion of sweat and saliva. Answer : (c)
Q.7
Ductless glands are called …[ AFMC 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Alveolar glands
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b) Tubular glands
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c) Exocrine glands
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d) Endocrine glands
Explanation
Ductless glands are called endocrine glands Answer : (d)
Q.8
The hormone which brings about the contraction of gall bladder is ... [ CBSE 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Cholecystokinin
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b) Oxytocin
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c) Secretin
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d) Gastrin
Explanation
Cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK stimulates contractions in the smooth muscle of the gallbladder. As well, CCK causes relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi, allowing bile release into the duodenum Answer : (a)
Q.9
Under-secretion of adrenal cortex causes …[ MPPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Addison’s disease
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b) Cretinism
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c) Dwarfism
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d) Sterility
Explanation
Addison's disease is a condition caused by insufficient secretions of adrenal cortex hormones. Answer : (a)
Q.10
Release of milk from mother’s breast is mediated through … [ CPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Prolactin
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b) Relaxin
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c) Oxytocin
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d) Progesterone
Explanation
Prolactin is a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that was originally named for its ability to promote lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals. Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction. In females, it stimulates a vigorous contraction of uterus at the time of child birth, and milk ejection from the mammary gland. Answer : (c)
Q.11
Both the ovaries are removed from female rat. Hormone titre decreases in case of …[ CBSE 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oxytocin
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b) Prolactin
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c) Estrogen
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d) Gonadotropin releasing factor
Explanation
At maturity, ovaries secrete estrogen, testosterone, inhibin, and progesterone Answer : (c)
Q.12
Which of the following endocrine glands is unpaired ..[ CMC 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pituitary
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b) Thymus
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c) Adrenal cortex
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d) Testis
Explanation
Adrenal pituitary is unpaired glands The thymus is composed of two identical lobes and is located anatomically in the anterior superior mediastinum, Answer : (a)
Q.13
A woman whose pituitary gets damaged can have a baby if she is given Explanation is provided please clcik on
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a) Small quantity of FSH and LH each day and large dose of LH on fifteenth day
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b) Small quantiy of estrogen every day for 28 days
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c) Small quantity of FSH and LH every day for 28 days after evolution
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d) 20 µg of estrogen and progesterone each day for 14 days
Explanation
FSH stimulates the ovarian follicle, causing an egg to grow. It also triggers the production of estrogen in the follicle. The rise in estrogen tells your pituitary gland to stop producing FSH and to start making more LH. The shift to LH causes the egg to be released from the ovary, a process called ovulation pituitary glands secrete follwing hormones Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Prolactin (PRL) Growth Hormone (GH) Alpha Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (α-MSH) Vasopressin. Oxytocin. Answer : (a)
Q.14
Hormone controlling Na+ - K+ ion concentration is … [ CPMT2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Aldosterone
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b)Anti-diuretic hormone
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c) Progesterone
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d) Pitocin
Explanation
The aldosterone hormone is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland. The hormone acts mainly in the functional unit of the kidneys to aid in the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, water retention and to stabilize blood pressure Answer : (a)
Q.15
Parathormone is secreted when there is …[ CPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Increased Ca2+ level in blood
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b) Decreased blood Ca2+ level
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c) Increased blood sugar level
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d) Decreased blood sugar level
Explanation
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) in response to the level of calcium in the blood. When the calcium in our blood goes too low, the parathyroid glands make more PTH. Increased PTH causes the bones to release their calcium into the blood Answer : (b)
Q.16
Blood calcium level is lowered by deficiency of …[ CBSE 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Parathormone
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b) Thyroxine
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c) Calcitonin
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d) Both calcitonin and parathormone
Explanation
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) in response to the level of calcium in the blood. When the calcium in our blood goes too low, the parathyroid glands make more PTH. Increased PTH causes the bones to release their calcium into the blood. Answer : (a)
Q.17
Which one is related to immunity ..[ Odisha 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pineal gland
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b) Thymus
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c) Adrenal gland
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d) Parathyroid gland
Explanation
The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell. Answer : (b)
Q.18
According to one of the theories of aging, the decline and disappearance of which gland by late middle age is the primary cause of aging? [ DPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thymus
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b) Thyroid
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c) Parathyroid
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d) Posterior lobe of pituitary
Explanation
'immunity theory' of aging relates the disappearance of the thymus gland by late middle age in human beings to the process of aging. With the disappearance of the thymus gland, the defence of the body against germs and other foreign bodies decline and cells become increasingly susceptible to diseases. Answer : (a)
Q.19
Over secretion of growth hormone in adults produces Explanation provided, click on
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a) Gigantism
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b) Acromegaly
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c) Grave’s disease
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d) Gull’s disease
Explanation
Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. Answer : (b)
Q.20
An adenohypophysis hormone which is regulated by feed back mechanism is …[ kerala 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) TSH
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b) Cortisone
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c) Calcitonin
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d) Oxytocin
Explanation
anterior pituitary also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)regulated by feedback mechanism Answer : (a)
Q.21
Which of the following stimulates protein metabolism and muscle growth Explanation provided, click on
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a) Estrogen
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b) Testosterone
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c) Progesterone
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d) Oxytocin
Explanation
Insulin and testosterone, have important roles as regulators of muscle protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy. Following exercise, insulin has only a permissive role on muscle protein synthesis, but it appears to inhibit the increase in muscle protein breakdown. Answer : (b)
Q.22
Low Ca2+ in body fluid may be cause of ….. [ CBSE 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Anaemia
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b) Angina pectoris
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c) Gout
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d) Tetany
Explanation
Tetany a condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium Answer : (d)
Q.23
Hypothalamus controls the production of pituitary hormoes [ MPPMT 1992] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ACTH ( corticotropin), GH (growth hormone) and ADH (vasopressin)
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b) FSH and progesterone
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c) TSH (thyrotropin) and cortisol
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d) LH ( luteinising hormone), ACTH (corticotropin) and TSH (thyrotropin)
Explanation
The anterior lobe of pituitary releases hormones upon receiving releasing or inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ;Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Growth hormone (GH); Luteinizing hormone (LH); Prolactin; Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): Answer : (d)
Q.24
Which hormone is modified amino acid …[ AFMC 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Progesterone
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b) Epinephrine
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c) Estrogen
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d) Relaxin
Explanation
If a hormone is amino acid-derived, its chemical name will end in “-ine”. Examples of amino acid-derived hormones include epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are synthesized in the medulla of the adrenal glands, and thyroxine, which is produced by the thyroid gland. Steroid hormones (ending in ‘-ol’ or ‘-one’) include Progesterone ,estradiol, testosterone, aldosterone, and cortisol. Answer : (b)
Q.25
Growth hormone is secreted by .. Explanation provided, click on
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a) Acidophilic α-cells
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b) Acidophilic β-cells
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c) Basophilic α-cells
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d) Basophilic β-cells
Explanation
Growth hormone (GH), also called somatotropin or human growth hormone, peptide hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. In the anterior pituitary, the term "acidophil" is used to describe two different types of cells: somatotrophs, which generate somatotropin (also known as growth hormone; a protein hormone). mammotrophs, which generate prolactin (a protein hormone) Acidophilic α-cells : mammotroph, which generate prolactin (a protein hormone). Acidophilic β-cells produce somatotrophs, which generate somatotropin (also known as growth hormone; a protein hormone). Basophilic cells produces ACTH, FSH, LH and hCG, TSH Answer : (b)
Q.26
Sertoli cells are regulated by pituitary hormone .. [ CBSE 2006] Explanation provided, click on
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a) LH
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b) FSH
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c) GH
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d) Prolactin
Explanation
A Sertoli cell (a kind of sustentacular cell) is a "nurse" cell of the testicles that is part of a seminiferous tubule and helps in the process of spermatogenesis; that is, the production of sperm. It is activated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted by the adenohypophysis, and has FSH receptor on its membranes Answer : (b)
Q.27
Iodine is present in the secretion of … [ CBSE 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenal
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b) Thyroid/thyroxine
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c) Pancreas
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d) Pituitary
Explanation
Iodine is present in the secretion of thyroid/thyroxine Answer : (b)
Q.28
Which hormone facilitates child birth/parturition? [DPMT 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oxytocin
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b) Progesterone
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c) hCG
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d) Estrogen
Explanation
The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation. Oxytocin stimulates the uterine muscles to contract and also increases production of prostaglandins, which increase the contractions further. Answer : (a)
Q.29
Which of the following glands grows to the maximum size at puberty and then diminishes gradually? [ DPMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thymus
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b) Pituitary
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c) Thyroid
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d) Adrenal
Explanation
In humans, thymic involution (shrinking) begins following puberty and by the time we're 50, pretty much all the epithelial cells and thymocyte have been replaced with fat Answer : (a)
Q.30
Which hormone is mainly secreted by corpus luteum? [ Pb PMT 1997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroxine
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b) Progesterone
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c) hCG
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d) Estrogen
Explanation
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance, respectively Answer : (b)
Q.31
Disease caused by deficiency of Parathormone is ….[ MPPMT 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Cretinism
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b) Hypercalcaemia
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c) Tetany
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d) Myxoedema
Explanation
Parathormone is parathyroid hormone. Tetany a condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium Answer : (c)
Q.32
Endemic goiter is a state of … [ W.B.2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Increased thyroid function
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b) Moderate thyroid function
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c) Decreased thyroid function
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d) Normal thyroid function
Explanation
Endemic goiter is a type of goiter that is associated with dietary iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency can lead to enlargement of the thyroid (Endemic goiter) Answer : (c)
Q.33
Infertility can occur in both the sexes due to … ..[MHTCET 2011] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oxytocin
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b) Prolactin
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c) LH
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d) FSH
Explanation
Follicle stimulating hormone is one of the hormones essential to pubertal development and the function of women's ovaries and men's testes. Answer : (d)
Q.34
Goiter is pathologically associated with ... .. [ CPMT 1990]
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a) Progesterone
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b) Testosterone
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c) Thyroxine
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d) Glucagon
Explanation
Goiter is pathologically associated with Thyroxine Answer : (c)
Q.35
Iodine deficiency of Frog will lead to … [ KCET 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Accelerated metamorphosis
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b) Inhibition of metamorphosis
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c) Development of metamorphosis
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d) Development of a giant frog
Explanation
Iodine deficiency of Frog will lead to inhibition of metamorphosis. Metamorphism in frogs is controlled by the hormone called thyroxine. Iodine deficiency affect thyroxine Answer : (b)
Q.36
Identify the placental hormone
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a) Insulin
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b) Vasopressin
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c) Somatotropin hormone
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d) Human chorionic hormone
Explanation
placental hormones are Progestin, Estrogens, Human Chorionic gonadotropin, Placental lactogen, Relaxin Answer : (d)
Q.37
Signaling between the cells usually results in activation of protein …[ DPMT 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Kinases
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b) Proteases
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c) Lipases
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d) Nucleases
Explanation
kinase enzyme that modifies other proteins by chemically adding phosphate groups to them (phosphorylation). Or activating Answer : (a)
Q.38
Chemical nature of hormones secreted by α and δ cells of pancreas is …[ WB 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glycoprotein
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b) Steroid
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c) Polypeptide
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d) Glycolipid
Explanation
Alpha cells producing glucagon (hormone ,20% of total islet cells) Beta cells producing insulin and amylin (hormone≈70%) Delta cells producing somatostatin (<10%). Pancreases produce peptide hormone Answer : (c)
Q.39
Ovulation in humans is controlled by ... ..[ BHU 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) FSH and TSH
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b) FSH and LH
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c) FSH and LTH
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d) LTH and LH
Explanation
Ovulation in humans is controlled by FSH and LH Answer : (b)
Q.40
Nonfunctional part of pituitary is …[ MHTCET 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Anterior pituitary
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b) Pars intermedia
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c) Neurohypophysis
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d) Pars nervosa
Explanation
Pars intermedia is the boundary between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary. In human fetal life, this area produces melanocytes stimulating hormone or MSH which causes the release of melanin pigment in skin melanocytes (pigment cells). However, the pars intermedia is normally either very small or entirely absent in adulthood. Answer : (b)
Q.41
Hormonal product of placenta is ….[ Manipal 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) hCG and progesterone
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b)Calcitonin
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c) Relaxin
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d) Vasopressin
Explanation
Hormones of the Placenta: Estrogen, Progesterone &hCG Answer : (a, c)
Q.42
Osteoporosis is caused by …[AMU 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Ca2+ deficiency
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b) Na+ deficiency
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c) K+ deficiency
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d) Parathormone hyper-secretion
Explanation
The excess PTH secreted from the parathyroid tumor causes calcium to leave the bones and go into the blood. The bones become osteoporotic and prone to fractures Answer : (d)
Q.43
Second messenger is … [ MPPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ATP
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b) cAMP
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c) GTP
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d) ATP and AMP
Explanation
cAMP is a second messenger, used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring into cells the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline, which cannot pass through the plasma membrane. Answer : (b)
Q.44
Receptors for protein hormones are found .. ..[ CPMT 1990] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Inside nucleus
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b) On cell surface
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c) On surface of ER
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d) Inside cytoplasm
Explanation
Receptors for protein hormones are found on cell surface Answer : (b)
Q.45
Which one is correctly matched … [ CBSE 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Relaxin – Gigantism
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b) Prolactin – Cretinism
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c) Parathyroid hormone – Tetany
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d) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus
Explanation
Relaxin a hormone secreted by the placenta that causes the cervix to dilate and prepares the uterus for the action of oxytocin during labour. overproduction of growth hormone that brings about gigantism. Prolactin is mainly used to help women produce milk after childbirth. Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth owing to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone. Insulin regulates how the body uses and stores glucose and fat. Diabetes insipidus can be caused by low or absent secretion of the water-balance hormone vasopressin Tetany a condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium Answer : (c)
Q.46
Dwarfism is due to …[ MPPMT 1993] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Absence of insulin
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b) Hyposecretion of GH during childhood
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c) Hyposecretion of GH during adult stage
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d) Excessive secretion of adrenaline
Explanation
Dwarfism is due to Hyposecretion of GH during childhood Answer : (b)
Q.47
Steroid hormones have an effect …[ Guj CET 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Slow and short term
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b) Fast and short term
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c) Fast and long lasting
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d) Slow and long lasting
Explanation
Steroid hormones have an effect Slow and long lasting. steroid must diffuse through the membrane and act on a receptor in the cytosol or nucleus of the target cell. Fast acting hormones include many of the protein hormones that bind to membrane-bound receptors. Cortisol, testosterone Answer : (d)
Q.48
Occurrence of Leydig cells and their secretion is ... ..[ CBSE 1991] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Ovary and estrogen
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b) liver and cholesterol
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c) Pancreas and glucagon
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d) Testis and testosterone
Explanation
Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). Answer : (d)
Q.49
Which one can pass easily through cell membrane of target cells and bind to internal receptors …[ CBSE 2012] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroxine, insulin
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b) Somatostatin, Oxytocin
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c) Insulin, glucagon
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d) Cortisol, testosterone
Explanation
Testosterone, estrogens, and cortisol are examples of steroid hormones. Steroid hormones act on cells by passing through the cell membrane, entering the nucleus, binding to DNA, and initiating gene transcription and protein production Answer : (d)
Q.50
Which is not an endocrine gland…[ Odisha 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Liver
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Testes
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d) Thymus
Explanation
The liver is essentially an exocrine gland, secreting bile into the intestine. But, the liver is also, significantly so , an endocrine gland and a blood filter. The liver has a diversity of functions not typically associated with glands (i) formation and secretion of bile. (ii) storage of glycogen, buffer for blood glucose. (iii) synthesis of urea. (iv) metabolism of cholesterol and fat. (v) synthesis and endocrine secretion of many plasma proteins, including clotting factors. (vi) detoxification of many drugs and other poisons. (vii) cleansing of bacteria from blood. (viii) processing of several steroid hormones and vitamin D. (ix) volume reservoir for blood. (x) catabolism of hemoglobin from worn-out red blood cells. Answer : (a)
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