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Quiz 7
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Q.1
ADH acts on .. [CPMT 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Loop of Henle
0%
b) Collecting tubule
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c) Vasa efferentia
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d) Vasa deferentia
Explanation
ADH acts on receptors in the basolateral membrane of cells in the cortical and medullary collecting tubules and not on the apical (or luminal) membrane. Answer : (b)
Q.2
Growth up individual may lack sexual traits due to … [ RPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Castration
0%
b) Decreased secretion of sex hormones
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c) Excess secretion of sex hormones
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d) Glandular disease
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.3
In thyroid follicles, the epithelial tissue is …[ Odisha 2008] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Squamous
0%
b) Cuboidal
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c) Transitional
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d) Columnar
Explanation
Simple cuboidal epithelium is found in organs that are specialized for secretion, such as salivary glands and thyroid follicles, and those that are specialized for diffusion, such as the kidney tubules. Answer : (b)
Q.4
Hormone produced more in dark is …[ MPPMT 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroxine
0%
b) Melatonin
0%
c) Adrenaline
0%
d) Insulin
Explanation
In vertebrates, melatonin is produced in darkness, thus usually at night, by the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland located in the center of the brain but outside the blood–brain barrier. Answer : (b)
Q.5
Which is correct? [ Bih PMT 1995] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Glucagon and insulin are secreted by same cells
0%
b) Glucagon and insulin are secreted by different cells
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c) Glucagon and insulin are secreted by different cells and have opposite effect
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Glucagon and insulin are both secreted in response to blood sugar levels, but in opposite fashion. Insulin is normally secreted by the beta cells (a type of islet cell) of the pancreas. Glucagon produced by the alpha cells, found in the islets of langerhans, in the pancreas, Answer : (c)
Q.6
Goiter influences … [ MPPMT 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Speech
0%
b) Excretion
0%
c) Metabolism
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d) Vision
Explanation
In Goiter, Thyroid glands make too much or too little thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones affect your metabolism rate, which means how fast or slow your brain, heart, muscles, liver, and other parts of your body work Answer : (c)
Q.7
Male hormone is ... [ JIPMER 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Estradiol
0%
b) Androsterone
0%
c) Adrenaline
0%
d) Testosterone
Explanation
Male hormone is Testosterone Answer : (d)
Q.8
Which endocrine gland becomes inactive after puberty …[ MPPMT 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenal
0%
b) Pineal
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c) Thymus
0%
d) Pituitary
Explanation
thymus gland, located behind your sternum and between your lungs, is only active until puberty. After puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and become replaced by fat. and it stimulates the development of disease-fighting T cells Answer : (c)
Q.9
Find the incorrect statement Explanation provided, click on
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a) Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat diseases by replacing defective genes with normal genes
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b) Calcitonin is recombinant product used in treatment of infertility
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c) Bt toxin is a biodegradable insecticide got from Bacillus thuringiensis
0%
d) trichoderma provides bio control for fungal pathogens
Explanation
Calcitonin reduces calcium levels in the blood . Statement ‘b’ is wrong Answer : (b)
Q.10
Endostyle is similar to … [ ODisha 2005] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Parathyroid
0%
b) Thyroid
0%
c) Thymus
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d) Thalamus
Explanation
The endostyle corresponds to the thyroid in vertebrates, since it seems to produce iodinated, tyrosine molecules, Answer : (b)
Q.11
Herring bodies are found in ..[ AMU 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adenohypophysis
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b) Neurohypophysis
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c) Thyroid
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d) Adrenal medulla
Explanation
Herring bodies or neurosecretory bodies are structures found in the posterior pituitary(or neurohypophysis) Answer : (b)
Q.12
Pituitary gland of adult rat is surgically removed. Which of the following endocrine glands will be less affected …[ DPMT 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
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b) Gonads
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c) Adrenal cortex
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d) Adrenal medulla
Explanation
The pituitary gland and hypothalamus both controlthe thyroid. The secretion of sex hormones by the gonads is under the control of pituitary gland hormones. Hypothalamus and pituitary gland controls Adrenal Cortex Hormones The adrenal medulla does not perform any vital functions. That is, you don’t need it to live. But that hardly means the adrenal medulla is useless. The hormones of the adrenal medulla are released after the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, which occurs when you’re stressed Answer : (d)
Q.13
Addison's disease is due to under-secretion of ... .. [ JIPMER 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Insulin
0%
b) Adrenaline
0%
c) ACTH
0%
d) Corticoids
Explanation
In Addison's disease, adrenal glands produce too little Corticoids Answer : (d)
Q.14
Hormone which increases blood pressure is …[ Har PMT 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Prolactin
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b) LH
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c) FSH
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d) Adrenaline
Explanation
Prolactin is a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that was originally named for its ability to promote lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals. Acute rise of LH ("LH surge") triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. In males, where LH had also been called interstitial cell–stimulatinghormone (ICSH), it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. FSH: In women, this hormone stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovary before the release of an egg from one follicle at ovulation. It also increases oestradiol production. In men, follicle stimulating hormone acts on the Sertoli cells of the testes to stimulate sperm production (spermatogenesis). Adrenaline is carried in the bloodstream and affects the autonomous nervous system, which controls functions such as the heart rate, dilation of the pupils, and secretion of sweat andsaliva. Answer : (d)
Q.15
Which is a 32 amino acid water soluble peptide hormone ..[ AMU 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Gastrin
0%
b) Insulin
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c) Glucagon
0%
d) Calcitonin
Explanation
Polypeptides (peptides and protein) are derived from chains of amino acids if varying length Small peptides: 3 amino acids: TRH 9 amino acids: oxytocin and vasopressin Large peptides: 29 amino acids: glucagon 32 amino acids: calcitonin 39 amino acids: adrenocorticotropic hormone Protein: 52 amino acids (2 chains): insulin 191 amino acids: human growth hormone Answer : (d)
Q.16
Parathyroid gland generates. Which activity is disturbed? [CPMT1993] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Growth
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b) Calcium concentration
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c) Potassium concentration
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d) Sodium concentration
Explanation
The parathyroids produce a hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH).Parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels and have no effect on metabolism. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Which are identical? …[ Maipal 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ACTH and adrenaline
0%
b) hCG and progesterone
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c) Calcitonin and oxytocin
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d) Vasopressin and ADH
Explanation
ADH is also called arginine vasopressin Calcitonin and oxytocin are peptide hormone Answer : (d)
Q.18
The condition of having excess of potassium is … [ JKCMEE 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hypercholestrolemia
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b) Hyperkalemia
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c) Osteomalacia
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d) Hyperexcitability
Explanation
Hyperkalemia is the medical term that describes a potassium level in blood that's higher than normal. Answer : (b)
Q.19
Biogenetic amines are synthesized from …[ AMU 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Tryptophan
0%
b) Tyrosine
0%
c) Glutamic acid
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d) Phenylalanine
Explanation
Dopamine, Norepinephrine and Epinephrine are biogenetic amine synthesized from Tyrosine Answer : (b)
Q.20
Human chorionic gonadotrophin is secreted by …[ kerala 2010] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Chorion
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b) Amnion
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c) Placenta
0%
d) Corpus luteum
Explanation
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin) is a placental hormone initially secreted by cells (syncitiotrophoblasts) Answer : (c)
Q.21
Hormone regulating diurnal rhythm/sleep wake cycle is … [ CBSE 2011] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thymosin
0%
b) Glucagon
0%
c) Melatonin
0%
d) Oxytocin
Explanation
Melatonin Hormone regulating diurnal rhythm/sleep wake cycle Answer : (c)
Q.22
On seeing a Tiger, the heart beat and blood pressure increase due to release of hormone …[ AIIMS 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenaline
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b) Thyroxine
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c) Parathormone
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d) Corticoids
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.23
FSH and LH are ... .. [ BHU 2006] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Emergency hormones
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b) Antistress hormones
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c) Gonadotropin hormones
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d) Neurohormones
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.24
Glucose level of blood is controlled by … [ KCET 2002]
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a) Liver
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b) Gall bladder
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c) Ileum
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d) Duodenum
Explanation
Liver both stores and manufactures glucose depending upon the body’s need. The need to store or release glucose is primarily signaled by the hormones insulin and glucagon Answer : (a)
Q.25
Pheromones are … [ MPPMT 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Produced by endocrine glands
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b) mRNAs
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c) Chemicals used in animal communication
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d) Proteins
Explanation
Pheromones a chemical substance produced and released into the environment by an animal, especially a mammal or an insect, affecting the behaviour or physiology of others of its species. Pheromones are Chemicals used in animal communication Answer : (c)
Q.26
Urine of the –would-be mother contains Explanation provided, click on
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a) Progesterone
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b) FSH
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c) Luteinising hormone
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d) Chorionic gonadotropin
Explanation
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin) is a placental hormone initially secreted by cells (syncitiotrophoblasts) from the implanting conceptus during week 2, supporting the ovarian corpus luteum, which in turn supports the endometrial lining and therefore maintains pregnancy. Answer : (d)
Q.27
Pituitary gland is crushed and injected in Frog. Frog will … [ CBSE 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Start laying eggs almost immediately
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b) Change colour
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c) Undergo metamorphosis
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d) Die
Explanation
Pituitary gland is crushed and injected in Frog will cause ovulation. Frog will start laying eggs almost immediately Answer : (a)
Q.28
LH in males stimulates Leydig cells to produce ... [ MHTCET 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Testosterone
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b) Estrogen
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c) Progesterone
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d) Aldosterone
Explanation
luteinising hormone( LH) stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone Answer : (a)
Q.29
Hypoglycemic hormone is … Explanation provided, click on
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a) Insulin
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b) Glucagon
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c) Thyroxine
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d) ACTH
Explanation
Pancreatic glucagon,the hyperglycemic hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans, promotes glycogenolysis, neoglucogenesis, lipolysis, and ketogenesis. Several abnormalities of glucagon secretion have been described in diabetes mellitus Answer : (a)
Q.30
Which is not secreted by anterior pituitary … [ DPMT 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) ADH
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b) GH
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c) Prolactin
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d) FSH
Explanation
Anterior pituitary secrete. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)Luteinising hormone (LH) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Prolactin (PRL) Growth hormone (GH) Melanocytes-stimulating hormone (MSH). ADH is also called arginine vasopressin. It's a hormone made by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. Answer : (a)
Q.31
Match the following ..[ Har. PMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
a. Addison’s disease
i. Pituitary
b.Tetany
ii.Thyroid
c.Acromegaly
iii. Adrenal cortex
d.Myxoedema
iv.Parathyroid
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a) a - iii, b – ii, c – i, d – iv
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b) a - i, b – iii, c – ii, d – iv
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c) a - iii, b – iv, c – i, d – ii
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d) a - iii, b - iv, c – ii, d – i
Explanation
Addison’s disease in which immune system views the adrenal cortex as foreign, something to attack and destroy. a - iii Tetany a condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium. b – iv Acromegaly is typically due to the pituitary gland producing too much growth hormone. c – i Myxoedema is swelling of the skin and underlying tissues giving a waxy consistency, typical of patients with underactive thyroid glands. d – ii Answer : (c)
Q.32
Which one does not match with regard to biological activity? [ CPMT 1990] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Renin
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b) Oxytocin
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c) Creatinine
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d) Gastrin
Explanation
Creatinine is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly constant rate by the body. While other are produce in response Answer : (c)
Q.33
Cholecystokinin is …. [ Odisha 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Bile pigment
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b) Enzyme
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c) Lipid
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d) Gastrointestinal hormone
Explanation
Cholecystokinin is Gastrointestinal hormone Answer : (d)
Q.34
hich of the following takes part in salt balancing? [ AFMC 1999] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Mineralocorticoid
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b) Glucocorticoid
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c) Somatotropin
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d) Follitrophin
Explanation
Mineralocorticoids are produced in the adrenal cortex and influence salt and water balances (electrolyte balance and fluid balance). The primary mineralocorticoid is aldosterone. Glucocorticoid its role in regulation of glucose metabolism, Somatotropin It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone. Follitropin : regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body. Answer : (a)
Q.35
Ovulation is stimulated by …[ AIIMS 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) LH
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b) FSH
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c) Estrogen
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d) Progesterone
Explanation
Ovulation is stimulated by LH Answer : (a)
Q.36
Hormone useful in suppressing allergies, rheumatoid arthritis and tissue inflammation is …[ EAMCET 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Mineralocorticoid
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b) Glucocorticoid
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c) Thyroxine
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d) Adrenaline
Explanation
Glucocorticoidone is to interrupt inflammation by moving into cells and suppressing the proteins that go on to promote inflammation rheumatoid arthritis and tissue inflammation Answer : (b)
Q.37
During early pregnancy progesterone is secreted by …[ Uttarkhand 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Corpus luteum
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b) FSH
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c) Thyroid
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d) None of the above
Explanation
During early pregnancy progesterone is secreted by Corpus luteum Answer : (a)
Q.38
Which one is without a specific target organ ..[ JKCMEE 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyrotropin
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b)Gonadotropin
0%
c) Somatotropin
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d) Adrenocorticotropin
Explanation
Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin (or as human growth hormone [hGH or HGH] in its human form), is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. Answer : (c)
Q.39
hich is not involved in endocrine secretion? [ MPPMT 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Leydig cell
0%
b) Lutein cell
0%
c) Para-follicular cells of thyroid
0%
d) Kupffer cells
Explanation
Kupffer cells (KC) located in the liver, main function is phagocytosis and defense of the liver against bacteria, endotoxaemia and viral infections and not involved in endocrine secretion Answer : (d)
Q.40
Hormone responsible for ovulation and development of corpus luteun is … [ JIPMER 2002] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) FSH
0%
b)LH
0%
c) Luteotropic hormone
0%
d) ICSH
Explanation
Hormone responsible for ovulation and development of corpus luteum is LH Answer : (b)
Q.41
Thyroxine acts on every organ except …[ Pb PMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Brain
0%
b) Testis
0%
c) Thyroid
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Thyroxine acts on every organ except Thyroid Answer : (c)
Q.42
Which hormone controls water and mineral metabolism? [ MPPMT 1991] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Insulin
0%
b) Progesterone
0%
c) Glucagon
0%
d) Deoxycorticosterone
Explanation
Deoxycorticosterone is precursor to aldosterone. aldosterone.aid in the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, water retention and to stabilize blood pressure. Answer : (d)
Q.43
Parathormone induces ….[ MPPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Increase in blood sugar
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b) Increase in serum calcium
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c) Decrease in serum calcium
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d) Decrease in blood sugar level
Explanation
PTH is secreted in response to low blood serum calcium (Ca2+) levels. Parathormone induces Increase in serum calcium Answer : (b)
Q.44
Gonadotropic hormones are …[ MPPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Testosterone and androsterone
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b) Estrogen and progesterone
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c) LH and FSH
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d) Prolactin and luteotropin
Explanation
Gonadotropic hormones are LH and FSH Answer : (c)
Q.45
Obesity of face, hyperglycemia and virilism is females are characteristics of …[ AMU 209 Explanation provided, click on
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a) Grave’s disease
0%
b) Addison’s disease
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c) Conn’s disease
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d) Cushing’s disease
Explanation
Cushing’s syndrome that results from hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex; characterized by obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness Answer : (d)
Q.46
A person has protruding eyes, tachycardia and higher body temperature. He is suffering from …[ AIIMS 2000] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Cretinism
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b) Hyperthyroidism
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c) Diabetes
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d) Acromegaly
Explanation
Hyperthyroidism symptoms: Whole body: excess sweating, excessive hunger, fatigue, or heat intolerance Behavioural: hyperactivity, irritability, or restlessness Mood: mood swings, nervousness, or panic attack Heart: abnormal heart rhythm, fast heart rate, or palpitations Sleep: difficulty falling asleep or insomnia Menstrual: irregular menstruation or short and light menstruation Eyes: abnormal protrusion of eyes or puffy eyes Also common: weight loss, diarrhoea, hair loss, muscle weakness, tremor, or warm skin Answer : (b)
Q.47
The hormone secretin is produced by ... ..[ MPPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Pancreas and influences the conversion of glycogen to glucose
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b) Adrenal gland and accelerates heart beat
0%
c) Testis and produces male secondary sex characters
0%
d) Small intestine and stimulates pancreas
Explanation
Secretin a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands Answer : (d)
Q.48
Cretinism is produced when one of the following is deficient… [ CET Chd. 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenaline
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b) Growth hormone
0%
c) Parathormone
0%
d) Thyroxine
Explanation
Cretinism is most probably due to a diet deficient in iodine. If there is low levels of thyroxine or T4 and high levels of TSH, these could confirm cretinism or congenital hypothyroidism. Answer : (d)
Q.49
Sella turcica is …[ Wardha 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Band connecting cerebral hemispheres
0%
b) Foramen of skull
0%
c) Skull depression for lodging pituitary
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d) Lodging of heart
Explanation
Sellaturcica is a depression in the sphenoid bone, containing the pituitary gland. Answer : (c)
Q.50
Which one is correct match ..[ CBSE 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Luteinising hormone – Failure of ovulation
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b) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus
0%
c) Parathormone –Diabetes mellitus
0%
d) Thyroxine-Tetany
Explanation
acute rise of LH ("LH surge") triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. Low level of LH causes failure of ovulation . Option ‘a’ correct Diabetes mellitus occurs due to insulin resistance or insulin deficiency and subsequent high blood glucose levels. Diabetes Insipidus on the other hand develops as a result of the stilted production of a hormone in the brain, which is released to stop the kidneys producing so much urine in order to retain water. Option ‘b’ wrong Parathormone controls calcium in blood serum . Option ‘c’ wrong Tetany is due to malfunction of the parathyroid glands . Option ‘d’ wrong Answer : (a)
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