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Quiz 8
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Q.1
Hormone controlling contraction of uterus during parturition is … [ CPMT 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Luteinising hormone
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b) Estrogen
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c) Progesterone
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d) Oxytocin
Explanation
contractions of the uterus are caused by rising levels of the hormone oxytocin, which has multiple functions in childbirth Answer : (d)
Q.2
Somatostatin (GIH) is secreted by … [ AFMC 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pituitary
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b) Thyroid
0%
c) Pineal
0%
d) Hypothalamus
Explanation
Somatostatin from the hypothalamus inhibits the pituitary gland's secretion of growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone. In addition, somatostatin isproduced in the pancreas and inhibits the secretion of other pancreatic hormones such as insulin and glucagon. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Androgens are produced by …[ Manipal 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenal and ovaries
0%
b) Ovaries and testes
0%
c) Testes and adrenals
0%
d) Adrenals only
Explanation
Androgenic steroid produced by the testes, adrenal cortex, and ovaries Answer : (c)
Q.4
Assertion : Diabetes insipidus is marked by excessive urination and too much thirst of water Reason: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by posterior lobe pituitary … [ AIIMS 2008] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
0%
b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
0%
c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
0%
d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.5
Insulin deficiency causes …[ JKCMEE 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Diabetes insipidus
0%
b) Goiter
0%
c) Diabetes mellitus
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Diabetes mellitus occurs due to insulin resistance or insulin deficiency and subsequent high blood glucose levels. Diabetes Insipidus on the other hand develops as a result of the stilted production of a hormone in the brain, which is released to stop the kidneys producing so much urine in order to retain water Answer : (c)
Q.6
In hormone action, if receptor molecule are removed from target organ, the target organ will … [ AMU 2000] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Continue to respond to hormone
0%
b) Not respond to hormone
0%
c) Continue to respond but requires higher concentration
0%
d) Continue to respond but in the opposite way
Explanation
In hormone action, if receptor molecule are removed from target organ, the target organ will not respond to hormone Answer : (b)
Q.7
Intermediate lobe of pituitary secretes a hormone Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oxytocin
0%
b) Melanocytes stimulating hormone
0%
c) Corticotropin releasing hormone
0%
d) Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Explanation
The intermediate lobe synthesizes and secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Answer : (b)
Q.8
Endocrine glands are those glands which pour their secretion directly into ... .. [ JKCMEE 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Ducts
0%
b) Substrate
0%
c) Blood
0%
d) None of above
Explanation
Endocrine glands are those glands which pour their secretion directly into Blood Answer : (c)
Q.9
Increase in glucose level is called … [ Bih PMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hypoglycemia
0%
b) Hyposuria
0%
c) Hypersuria
0%
d) Hyperglycemia
Explanation
Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose (blood sugar) level. Answer : (d)
Q.10
Thick skin, long arms and legs are due to hyper-secretion of hormone from …[ CPMT 1997] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
0%
b) Thymus
0%
c) Anterior pituitary
0%
d) Posterior pituitary
Explanation
In children and adolescents, excessive levels of growth hormone can result in a condition called gigantism. Children with this condition may have unusually long arms and legs and may grow to heights of 7 to 8 feet or more. Growth hormone (GH), also called somatotropin or human growth hormone, peptide hormone secretedby the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone. Answer : (c)
Q.11
Removal of a part of pituitary affected excretory system. It causes …[ Manipal 2005] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Atrophy of adrenal cortex
0%
b) Atrophy of adrenal medulla
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c) Atrophy of adrenal pyramid
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d) Atrophy of renal medulla
Explanation
The adrenal cortex produces two main groups of corticosteroid hormones—glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid. The release of glucocorticoid is triggered by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Mineralocorticoid are mediated by signals triggered by the kidney. atrophy of the adrenal cortex resulting from a loss of stimulation from the pituitary gland Answer : (a)
Q.12
Disease caused by hyper-or-hypo secretion of thyroxine is ..[ CPMT2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Cretinism
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b) Acromegaly
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c) Goiter
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d) All the above
Explanation
Goiter Abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland Hormone secretion can be euthyroidism, hyposecretion, hypersecretion Answer : (c)
Q.13
Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by … ..[ RPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Stomach
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Ileum
Explanation
Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by Duodenum Answer : (c)
Q.14
Removal or absence of thymus in early life shall bring about Explanation provided, click on
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a) Lack of lymphocytes
0%
b) Lack of antibodies
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c) Lack of lymph nodes
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
The thymus gland, despite containing glandular tissue and producing several hormones, is much more closely associated with the immune system than with the endocrine system. The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell. Answer : (d)
Q.15
Hormone connected with increased rate of glycogenesis, blood pressure and heart beat is …[CPMT 1998] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Insulin
0%
b) Glucagon
0%
c) Adrenaline
0%
d) FSH
Explanation
Adrenaline causes an increase in heart rate, muscle strength, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism. Answer : (c)
Q.16
Gluconeogenesis is controlled by … …[ CPMT 1992] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Corticosterone
0%
b)Thyroxine
0%
c) Cortisol
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Corticosterone is a main glucocorticoid (glucose + cortex + steroid) is composed from its role in regulation of glucose metabolism, synthesis in the adrenal cortex, and its steroidal structure (see structure to the right). glucocorticoid, involved in regulation of energy, Thyroid hormones are to (1) increase the basal metabolic rate; (2) increase glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, day-to-day regulation of gluconeogenesis by glucagon is strongly dependent on normal healthy levels of cortisol in the background Answer : (d)
Q.17
Extension of sympathetic nervous system is … [ Pb PMT 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenal medulla
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b) Adrenal cortex
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c) Pineal
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d) Neurohypophysis
Explanation
Sympathetic nervous system can accelerate heart rate; widen bronchial passages; decrease motility (movement) of the large intestine; constrict blood vessels; increase peristalsis in the esophagus; cause pupillary dilation, piloerection (goose bumps) and perspiration (sweating); and raise blood pressure. The main hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which have similar functions of sympathetic nervous system Answer : (a)
Q.18
A woman started developing male characteristics. It may be due to ... ..[ MPPMT 1991] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Overproduction of adrenal androgens
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b) Overproduction of estrogen
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c) Damage to mammary estrogen
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d) Damage to posterior pituitary
Explanation
A woman started developing male characteristics. It may be due to Overproduction of adrenal androgens. The most well known androgen is testosterone, which is responsible for developing the secondary sex characteristics in men Answer : (a)
Q.19
Secretion of ductless glands are known as .. Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hormones
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b) Pheromones
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c) Enzymes
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d) Mucoids
Explanation
Secretion of ductless glands are known as Hormones Answer : (a)
Q.20
Gastrin hormone is secreted by …[ BHU 2003] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Pancreas
0%
b) Intestine
0%
c) Liver
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d) Stomach
Explanation
Gastrin hormone is secreted by Stomach Answer : (d)
Q.21
Hassall’s corpuscles are found in …[ DPMT 2005] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroid
0%
b) Thymus
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c) Adrenal
0%
d) Pineal
Explanation
Hassall's corpuscles (or thymic corpuscles (bodies)) are structures found in the medulla of the human thymus. Intently signify the thymus Answer : (b)
Q.22
Gigantism and acromegaly are due to …[ MPPMT 2009] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Hyperthyroidism
0%
b) Hypopituitarism
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c) Hyperpituitarism
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d) Hypothyroidism
Explanation
Both acromegaly and gigantism are caused by a typically benign tumor or adenoma in the pituitary gland. That tumor causes excess growth hormone production Hyperpituitarism Answer : (c)
Q.23
Small amount of iodine is added to common salt so that .. ..[ MPPMT 1992] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oedema is prevented
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b) Common salt is utilised properly in the body
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c) Occurrence of goiter is prevented
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d) Kidney remains efficient in maintaining water balance
Explanation
Small amount of iodine is added to common salt so that occurrence of goiter is prevented Answer : (c)
Q.24
Match the columns Explanation provided, click on
a)Adrenaline
1.Myxoedema
b)Hyperparathyroidism
2.Accelerates heart beat
c)Hypothyroidism
3.Water balance
d)Hypothyroidism
4.Child birth
e)Aldosterone
5.Demineralisation
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a) a - 2, b – 5, c – 5, d – 1, e – 3
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b) a - 5, b – 3, c - 2, d - 4, e - 1
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c) a - 3, b - 4, c - 5, d - 1, e - 2
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d) a - 2, b - 3, c - 4, d - 5, e - 1
Explanation
Adrenaline Accelerates heart beat a - 2 Increased PTH causes the body to put more calcium into the blood from bone causes demineralization of bones leading to osteoporosis b – 5 Hypothyroidism, lower PTH cause removal calcium from bon c-5 Myxedema or myxoedema is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism. d-1 Aldosterone conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, water retention and to stabilize blood pressure.e-1 Answer : (a)
Q.25
Match the columns ..[ Guj CET 2010] Explanation provided, click on
i.Posterior pituitary
a. Encourages the activity of osteoclasts
ii.Parathyroid
b. Encourages hydrolysis of stored food
iii.β-cells of pancreas
c. Encourages reabsorption of water by uriniferous tubules
iv.αcells of pancreas
d. Encourages synthesis of lipid and proteins and thereby prevent their utilization of energy resources
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a) i-d, ii-c , iii-a, iv-b
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b) i-d , ii –a, iii-b, iv-c
0%
c) i-c, ii-a, iii –d, iv –b
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d) i-c, ii-d, iii-b, iv –a
Explanation
Posterior pituitary secretes Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH): This hormone prompts the kidneys to increase water absorption in the blood , i-c parathyroid hormone or PTH, which increases bone resorption by stimulating osteoclasts, leading to increased calcium release from bone.ii- a Beta cells promotes the translocation of glucose transporter proteins, glycogen, lipid and protein synthesis, anti-lipolysis and the control of hepatic., iii - d Pancreatic polypeptide Insulin is an anabolic hormone that promotes sequestration of carbohydrate, fat, and protein in storage depots throughout the body.iv-b Answer : (c)
Q.26
Hypercalcaemia hormone is …[ HPPMT 2012] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Thyroxine
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b) Tri-iodo-thyronine
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c) Parathormone
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d) Thyrocalcitonin
Explanation
Hypercalcaemia is most often caused by over activity in the four tiny glands in the neck parathyroid glands produces parathyroid hormone (Parathormone) Answer : (c)
Q.27
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) is secreted by pituitary … Explanation provided, click on
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a) Anterior lobe
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b) Median lobe
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c) Posterior lobe
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d) Not any particular lobe
Explanation
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) is secreted by pituitary intermediate lobe or Median lobe Answer : (b)
Q.28
Deficiency of hormones increases K+ ion and decreases Na+ ions in blood. It is secreted by ….[ Manipal 2005] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Zona fasciculate
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b) Zona glomerata
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c) Zona reticulate
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d) Zona pellucida
Explanation
Aldosterone plays a central role in the regulation of blood pressure mainly by acting on organs such as the kidney and the colon to increase the amount of salt (sodium) reabsorbed into the bloodstream and toincrease the amount of potassium excreted in the urine. Aldosterone also causes water to be reabsorbed along with sodium. Production of aldosterone (in adult humans, about 20–200 micrograms per day) in the zonaglomerulosa of the adrenal cortex is regulated by the renin-angiotensin system. Answer : (b)
Q.29
Enteroendocrine glands are present in … Explanation provided, click on
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a) Stomach
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b) Intestine
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c) Oesophagus
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d) Both a and b
Explanation
Enteroendocrine cells are specialized cells of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas with endocrine function. Enteroendocrine cells are located in the stomach produce gastrin, the intestine produce somatostatin, motilin, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and enteroglucagon and in the pancreas. insulin and glucagon Answer : (d)
Q.30
Match the columns Explanation provided, click on
a. Adenohypophysis
p. Epinephrine
b. Adrenal medulla
q. Somatotropin
c. Thyroid gland
r. Thymosin
d. Thymus gland
s. Calcitonin
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a) a-q, b-p, c-s, d-r
0%
b) a-s, b-r, c-q, d-p
0%
c) a-r, b-p, c-s, d-q
0%
d) a-p, b-q, c-q, d-s
Explanation
The anterior pituitary also called the adenohypophysis secrete growth hormone also known as Somatotropin , prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). a-q Adrenal medulla secrete Epinephrine. b-p Calcitonin is a hormone that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells (commonly known as C-cells) of the thyroid gland.c-s Thymus gland produces thymosins, d-r Answer : (a)
Q.31
Renin is produced by Explanation provided, click on
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a) Liver
0%
b) Spleen
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c) Juxtaglomerular cells
0%
d) Stomach
Explanation
The juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells, or granular cells) are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin Answer : (c)
Q.32
Enterogastrone is secreted by .. [ CPMT 2007] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Gastric mucosa
0%
b) Esophageal mucosa
0%
c) Saliva
0%
d) Duodenal mucosa
Explanation
An enterogastrone is any hormone secreted by the mucosa of the duodenum in the lower gastrointestinal tract in response to dietary lipids that inhibits the caudal (or "forward, analward") motion of the contents of chyme Answer : (d)
Q.33
The hormone secreted by intermediate lobe of pituitary is ..[ Uttrakhand 2001] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Oxytocin
0%
b) Intermedin
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c) Vasopressin
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d) FSH
Explanation
Intermedin (also known as Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone, MSH ) is a hormone secreted by the intermediate lobe of pituitary Answer : (b)
Q.34
Hormone responsible for aggressive behaviour of an animal is …[ Pb.PMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Adrenaline
0%
b) Thyroxine
0%
c) ADH
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d) Testosterone
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.35
Secretion of gastric juice is controlled by …[ CPMT 2002] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Enterogastrone
0%
b) Cholecystokinin
0%
c) Gastrin
0%
d) Motilin
Explanation
Secretion of gastric juice is controlled by Gastrin Answer : (c)
Q.36
Which one is endocrine? [ CPMT 2005] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Brunner’s gland
0%
b)Crypts of Lieberkuhn
0%
c) Pars radiate
0%
d) Juxtaglomerulus
Explanation
Juxtaglomerulus is a endocrine gland secrete renin its function is therefore cause an increase in blood pressure Answer : (d)
Q.37
Blood calcium is increased by administration of .. ..[ BHU 1994 Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Glucagon
0%
b)Thyroxine
0%
c) Parathormone
0%
d) Calcitonin
Explanation
Parathormone increases blood calcium Answer : (c)
Q.38
Match the columns -- Explanation provided, click on
a. Hypothalamus
p. Relaxin
b. Anterior pituitary
q. Estrogen
c. Testis
r. FSH and LH
d. Ovary
s. Androgens
- - - -
t. Gonadotropin releasing hormone
0%
a) a - p,b - q,c - s,d - r
0%
b) a - r,b - t, c - s, d – q
0%
c) a - t, b - r, c - s, d - q
0%
d) a - r, b - t, c - s, d - q
Explanation
The hypothalamus contains gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons which secrete pulsatile GnRH into the hypophyseal portal blood system through which it is transported to the anterior pituitary gland. a- t Anterior pituitary. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)Luteinising hormone (LH) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Prolactin (PRL) Growth hormone (GH) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). b-r Testes. Secretes Testosterone is necessary for proper physical development in boys. It is the primary androgen, c-s Ovary secretes Estrogen , d-q Answer : (c)
Q.39
The major function of corpus luteum is ... .. [ CPMT 1991] Explanation provided, click on
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a) Digestive
0%
b) Endocrine
0%
c) Nervous
0%
d) Excretory
Explanation
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance. It is endocrine gland Answer : (b)
Q.40
Match the column Explanation provided, click on
Melatonin
a. Thyroid
i. Acts on renal tubules
MSH
b. Adrenal
ii. Regulates blood calcium level
Aldosterone
c. Pituitary
iii. Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body
TCT
d. Pineal
iv. Acts on melanocytes
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a) 4-a-iv, 3-d-ii, 1-b-ii, 2-c-i
0%
b) 1-d-iii, 2-c-iv, 3-b-I, 4-a-ii
0%
c) 1-b-I, 4-a-iii, 3-c-ii, 2-d-iv
0%
d) 2-d-ii, 1-b-I, 4-c-iv, 3-c-iii
Explanation
Melatonin secreted by Pineal Maintains diurnal rhythm of our body 1-d-iii Melanocytes-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH secreted by Pituitary Acts on melanocytes 2-c-iv Aldosterone secreted by adrenal cortex Acts on renal tubules to regulate sodium and potassium 3-b-i Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) secreted by Thyroid Regulates blood calcium level along with PTH 4-a-ii Answer : (b)
Q.41
Match the following ..[ Kerala 2005] Explanation provided, click on
i. ADH
a. Pituitary
ii. ACTH
b)Mineralocorticoid
iii. Aldosterone
c)Diabetes mellitus
iv. Insulin
d)Diabetes insipidus
v. Adrenaline
e) Vasodilator
0%
a) i - a, ii - d, iii - b, iv – c, v – e
0%
b) i – d, ii – b, iii – a, iv – c , v – e
0%
c) i - d, ii - a, iii - c, iv - b, v - e
0%
d) i - d, ii - a, iii - b, iv - c, v - e
Explanation
ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood. Diabetes insipidus can be caused by low or absent secretion of the water-balancehormone vasopressin (ADH) from the pituitary gland of the brain, or by a poor kidney response to this chemical messenger, which is also called antidiuretic i-d Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, also adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland ii-a Mineralocorticoid are produced in the adrenal cortex and influence salt and water balances The primary mineralocorticoid is aldosterone. iii- c In diabetes mellitus, either body doesn't make enough insulin, it can't use the insulin it does produce, or a combination of both. iv-e Answer : (d)
Q.42
Hyposecretion of growth hormone causes …[ Bih PMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Acromegaly
0%
b) Cretinism
0%
c) Dwarfism
0%
d) Myxoedema
Explanation
Hyposecretion of growth hormone causes Dwarfism Answer : (c)
Q.43
An endocrine gland that atrophies at the age of 14-16 years is Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Thyroid
0%
b) Thymus
0%
c) Pancreas
0%
d) Spleen
Explanation
Thymus endocrine gland that atrophies at the age of 14-16 years Answer : (b)
Q.44
Which hormone causes dilation of blood vessels, increased oxygen consumption and glucogenesis ? [ CBSE 2006] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Glucagon
0%
b) ACTH
0%
c) Insulin
0%
d) Adrenaline
Explanation
Adrenaline causes dilation of blood vessels, increased oxygen consumption and glucogenesis Answer : (d)
Q.45
Insulin is secreted by … [ CPMT 1996] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) α-cells of pancreas
0%
b) β-cells of pancreas
0%
c) Spleen
0%
d) Mucosa of oesophagus
Explanation
Insulin is secreted by β cells of pancreas Answer : (b)
Q.46
Endocrine gland that functions as biological clock and a neurosecretory transducer .. [ kerala 2006] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Adrenal gland
0%
b) Thyroid gland
0%
c) Thymus gland
0%
d) Pineal gland
Explanation
The pineal gland or epiphysis synthesizes and secretes melatonin, maintains the body's circadian rhythm. The circadian rhythm is an internal 24-hour "clock" that plays a critical role in when we fall asleep and when we wake up. Answer : (d)
Q.47
Feeling tremors of an earthquake, a scared resident begins to climb down the stairs rapidly from seventh floor due to hormone …[ CBSE 2007] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Glucagon
0%
b) Adrenaline
0%
c) Gastrin
0%
d) Thyroxine
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.48
ecretion is under control of neurosecretory nerve axons in … [AIIMS 1998] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Pineal
0%
b) Adrenal cortex
0%
c) Anterior pituitary
0%
d) Posterior pituitary
Explanation
In the posterior pituitary the axon terminals of the magnocellular neurons contain neurosecretory granules, These axons store and release neurohypophysial hormones oxytocin and vasopressin into the neurohypophyseal capillaries Answer : (d)
Q.49
Glycoproteinaceous hormone is ..[ CPMT 2004] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Erythropoietin
0%
b) Insulin
0%
c) Oxytocin
0%
d) Relaxin
Explanation
Hormones that are glycoproteins include: Follicle-stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone, Thyroid-stimulating hormone’ Human chorionic gonadotropin, Alpha-fetoprotein, Erythropoietin (EPO) Answer : (a)
Q.50
Hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters of female is ... ..[ MPPMT 1999 ] Explanation provided, click on
0%
a) Progesterone
0%
b) Oxytocin
0%
c) Estrogen
0%
d) Androgen
Explanation
The primary function of estrogens is development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These includes breasts, endometrium, regulation of the menstrual cycle etc. In males estrogen helps in maturation of the sperm and maintenance of a healthy libido Answer : (c)
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