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Control And Coordination Mcq
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Q.1
Our ear can hear sound waves of frequency between
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a) 5-100 cycles/sec
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b) 20-20000 cycles/sec
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c) 20000-50000 cycles/sec
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d) 2000-3000 cycles/sec
Explanation
Our ear can hear sound waves of frequency between 20-20000 cycles/sec Answer : (b)
Q.2
Cerebral cortex consists of … [ MHTCET 2008]
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a) Grey matter
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b) White matter
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c) Duramater
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d) Arachnoid mater
Explanation
Grey matter is distributed at the surface of the cerebral hemispheres (cerebral cortex) and of the cerebellum (cerebellar cortex), as well as in the depths of the cerebrum Answer : (a)
Q.3
Compare the columns and find the correct combination
a. Cerebrum
p. Controls pituitary
b. Cerebellum
q. Controls vision and hearing
c. Hypothalamus
r. Control the rate of heart beat
d. Mid brain
s. Seat of intelligence
- - - -
t. Maintains body posture
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a) a.-t. , b.- s. , c. – q. , d.- p.
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b) a. – s. , b. – t. , c.- q. , d. – p.
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c) a. – t. , b. – s. , c. – p. , d. – q.
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d) a. – s. , b. – t. , c. – p. , d. – q.
Explanation
cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brainfunction such as thought and action. a. – s Cerebellum Maintains body posture b. – t Hypothalamus Controls pituitary.c. – p. The midbrain serves important functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing. d. – q Answer : (d)
Q.4
An axon has four terminal ends connected with dendrites of four different neurons. Its nerve impulse will
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a) Become weak due to distribution into four
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b) Travel in all the four neurons with equal strength
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c) Pass on to one neuron only
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d) Travel to none because the movement of impulse is from dendrite to axon
Explanation
An axon has four terminal ends connected with dendrites of four different neurons. Its nerve impulse will travel in all the four neurons with equal strength Answer : (b)
Q.5
Neurosecretory cell occur in …. [ Manipur 2007]
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a) Hypothalamus
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b) Cerebral cortex
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c) Medulla oblongata
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d) Corpus callosum
Explanation
Neurosecretory cell occur in Hypothalamus. The cells typically have two or three long dendrites, which also contain large dilations and a very high density of hormone-containing vesicles. Oxytocin and vasopressin can, thus, be released within the brain from these dendrites, as well as into the blood from the terminals in the posterior pituitary gland. Answer : (a)
Q.6
Which of the following is a motor nerve? [ BHU 2007]
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a) Auditory
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b) Abducens
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c) Optic nerve
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d) Trigeminal nerve
Explanation
Abducens: It controls the eye's lateral rectus muscle, which moves the eye sideways, away from the nose. Answer : (b)
Q.7
Point in eye from which optic nerve and blood vessels leave the eye ball is
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a) Yellow spot
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b) Blind spot
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c) Pars optica
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d) Pupil
Explanation
The natural blind spot (scotoma) is due to lack of receptors (rods or cones) where the optic nerve and blood vessels leave the eye. Answer : (b)
Q.8
Which function is lost due to damage of occipital lobe … [ WB 2011]
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a) Vision
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b) Hearing
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c) Speech
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d) Memory
Explanation
The occipital lobe makes sense of visual information so that we are able to understand it. If our occipital lobe was impaired, or injured we would not be able to correctly process visual signals, thus visual confusion would result. Answer : (a)
Q.9
Action potential of nerve cells is created by
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a) Ca
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b) K
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c) Na
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d) Cl
Explanation
When an impulse is sent out from a cell body, the sodium channels open and the positive sodium cells surge into the cell. Once the cell reaches a certain threshold, an action potential will fire, sending the electrical signal down the axon Answer : (c)
Q.10
Lateral funiculi possess ganglia
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a) Sensory
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b) Motor
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c) Both a. and b.
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Ganglia:is a nerve cell cluster or a group of nerve cell. Lateral funiculus: large bundle of nerve tracts that make up the white matter of the spinal cord. Answer : (d)
Q.11
Energy transformation during nerve conduction is
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a) Chemical to radiant
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b) Chemical to mechanical
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c) Chemical to electrical
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d) Chemical to osmotic
Explanation
Energy required for movement of Na+/K+ during nerve conduction is from ATP. This movement produce electric potential. Thus energy transformation is chemical to electrical Answer : (c)
Q.12
Feeling of pain , pleasure and anger are experienced through
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a) Frontal lobe
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b) Limbic system
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c) Parietal lobe
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d) Reticular system
Explanation
The limbic system, is responsible for our emotional lives, many higher mental functions such as learning and formation of memories. The primary structures within the limbic system include the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and cingulate gyrus. Answer : (b)
Q.13
Dorsal root of spinal nerve contains …
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a) Sensory neurons only
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b) Relay and sensory neurons
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c) Sensory and relay neurons
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d) Motor and relay neurons
Explanation
Dorsal root of spinal nerve: transmit information of discriminative touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious carry pain and temperature sensation Answer : (a)
Q.14
Homoeostasis is maintained by … .. [ MHTCET 2011]
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a) Cerebellum
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b) Cerebrum
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c) Diencephalon
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d) Medulla oblongata
Explanation
Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external changes. It is involved in the maintenance of the constant internal environment which includes the function of kidney, liver, skin, etc. Diencephalon consists of structures that are lateral to the third ventricle, and includes the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the epithalamus and the subthalamus. hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis). Which secrete hormone to regulate various other glands and organs Answer : (c)
Q.15
Part of mammalian brain controlling muscular coordination, equilibrium and posture is
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a) Cerebrum
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b) Corpus callosum
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c) Medulla oblongata
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d) Cerebellum
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.16
Receptors cells for balancing occur in human ear in
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a) Malleus, incus and stapes
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b) Utriculus, sacculus and semicircular canals
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c) Organ of corti
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d) Eustachian tube
Explanation
The utricle contains mechanoreceptors called hair cells that distinguish between degrees of tilting of the head. Sacculus: It contains a region of hair cells and otoliths which send signals to the brain concerning the orientation of the head. Semicircular canals: canal is filled with a fluid called endolymph and contains motion sensors within the fluids. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Foramen of Monro connects … ..[ MHTCET 2011]
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a) Diocoel with paracoel
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b) Diocoel with metacoel
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c) Diocoel with epicoel
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d) Epicoel with metacoel
Explanation
Paracoel or lateral ventricles I and II are present inside the cerebral hemispheres. The diencephalon has ventricle III. Ventricle III is in connection with lateral ventricles by foramen of Monro. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Second cranial nerves supplies
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a) Retina and lens
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b) Retina and iris
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c) Ciliary muscles
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d) Retina only
Explanation
Second cranial nerve: carrying impulses for the sense of sight. It originates in the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus and travels by the optic tract and optic chiasma, where it enters the retina through the optic disk. Answer : (d)
Q.19
Taste buds on the posterior side of tongue in human can detect
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a) Sour taste
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b) Bitter taste
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c) Sweet taste
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d) Salty taste
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.20
If after cutting through dorsal root of a spinal nerve of a mammal, the associated receptor in skin was stimulated the animal would
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a) Still be able to feel the stimulation
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b) Show no response
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c) Show a normal but slow process
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d) Response but only at a different level of spinal cord
Explanation
Dorsal nerve roots control the sensation of temperature and pain, so mammal won’t show response to stimulation of receptor in skin Answer : (b)
Q.21
Function of iris is to
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a) Move lens forward and backward
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b) Refract light rays
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c) Bring about movements of eyelids
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d) Alter the size of pupil
Explanation
Iris: is the barrier between the front and back of the eye. Each iris has a muscle running through it that constricts and dilates to allow the right amount of light to enter the eye at any given time. The sphincter muscle lies around the edge of the pupil. In bright light, this muscle contracts, allowing only a small amount of light to get it. In dim light, the sphincter muscle dilates, letting in as much light as possible. Answer : (d)
Q.22
Brain and spinal cord are
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a) Effectors
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b) Receptors
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c) Nervous organs
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d) Intermediary neurons
Explanation
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and all of the nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body. Together, these organs are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts Answer : (c)
Q.23
Unidirectional transmission of nerve impulse is maintained by …. [ JKCMEE 2007]
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a) Synapses
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b) Myelin sheath
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c) Membrane polarity
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d) Interneurons
Explanation
Synapses: Nerve impulse conduction is always unidirectional Chemical synapses are unidirectional Ensure one way transmission of nerve impulse Answer : (a)
Q.24
`The potential difference across the membrane of nerve fobre when it does not show any physiological activity is called resting potential. It is about
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a) -60mV
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b) -70mV
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c) +60 mV
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d) +90Mv
Explanation
The Resting Membrane Potential is always negative (-70mV) Answer : (b)
Q.25
Intellectual ability is controlled by … [ DPMT 2007]
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a) Frontal lobe
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b) Parietal lobe
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c) Temporal lobe
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d) Occipital lobe
Explanation
Frontal lobe Function: Controlling Movement, Problem-Solving and Decision-Making, Maintaining Interpersonal Relationship, Control Over Emotions and Behavior Answer : (a)
Q.26
Fovea is central pit of yellowish pigmented spot called
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a) Retina
0%
b) Blind spot
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c) Macula lutea
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d) Cornea
Explanation
Macula lutea: An oval yellowish area surrounding the fovea near the centre of the retina in the eye. Answer : (c)
Q.27
Reflex action is … .. [ CPMT 2010]
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a) Stimulus → Sensory → Motor → Response
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b) Stimulus → Motor → Sensory → response
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c) Receptor → Motor → Sensory → Response
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d) Sensory → Stimulus → Motor → Response
Explanation
Reflex arc the circuit traveled by impulses producing a reflex action: receptor organ, afferent nerve, nerve center, efferent nerve, effecter organ in a muscle Answer : (a)
Q.28
(a) Which of the following is richly supplied with blood capillaries (b)The vascular membrane or meninx around the brain is
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a) Durameter
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b) Arachnoid
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c) Piamater
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d) Epidermis
Explanation
Pia mater functions to cover and protect the central nervous system, to protect the blood vessels and enclose the venous sinuses near the CNS, to contain the cerebrospinal fluid and to form partitions with the skull. Answer : (c)
Q.29
Anaesthetics reduce pain by blocking nerve conduction due to
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a) Blocking neurotransmitter receptors
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b) Blocking Na+ channels
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c) Blocking K+ channels
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d) All the above
Explanation
anesthetics block nerve conduction by preventing the increase in membrane permeability to sodium ions that normally leads to a nerve impulse. Among anesthetics containing tertiary amine groups, the cationic, protonated form appears to be more active than the neutral form. Answer : (d)
Q.30
All sensory pathways to cerebral cortex synapse at … [ AMU 2009]
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a) Thalamus
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b) Pons
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c) Hypothalamus
0%
d) Cerebellum
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.31
Pick the correct statements about the main functions of cerebrum in humans a. Control contraction of voluntary muscles through frontal lobes b. Control sensitivity , movement , memory , vocabulary through frontal lobe c. Control temperature , taste , touch , pain etc. through parietal lobe d. Control vision and adaptation through occipital and frontal lobes
0%
a) a, c, d
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b) a,b, d
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c) a , b , c
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d) b, c, d
Explanation
Frontal lobe Function: Controlling Movement, Problem-Solving and Decision-Making, Maintaining Interpersonal Relationship, Control Over Emotions and Behavior Answer : (a)
Q.32
Foramen of Monro is an aperture between
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a) Third and fourth ventricles
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b) Rhinocoel and diacoel
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c) Lateral and third ventricles
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d) Diacoel and metacoel
Explanation
Paracoel or lateral ventricles I and II are present inside the cerebral hemispheres. The diencephalon has ventricle III. Ventricle III is in connection with lateral ventricles by foramen of Monro Answer : (c)
Q.33
Hypothalamus is
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a) Helpful in sleep
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b) Has centres for thirst and hunger
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c) Controls body temperature
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d) All the above
Explanation
All options are part of homeostasis Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment Hypothalamus : secrete hormone to regulate various other glands and organs there by regulate equilibrium in the organism Answer : (d)
Q.34
Color determination is due to
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a) Rods in retina
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b) Cones in retina
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c) Lens of eye
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d) Cornea-lens complex
Explanation
Cone cells, or cones, are one of two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye. They are responsible for color vision and function best in relatively bright light, as opposed to rod cells, which work better in dim light. Answer : (b)
Q.35
Synaptic vesicle occurs in
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a) Presynaptic neuron
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b) Post-synaptic neuron
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c) Synaptic cleft
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Synaptic vesicle: membrane-bound vesicles at a synaptic junction of neurons that contain the neurotransmitter. Presynaptic neuron: a neuron from the axon terminal of which an electrical impulse is transmitted across a synaptic cleft to the cell body or one or more dendrites of a postsynaptic neuron by the release of a chemical neurotransmitter Answer : (a)
Q.36
Corpus callosum occurs in
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a) Fore brain of Frog
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b) Midbrain of Frog
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c) Fore brain of rabbit
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d) Midbrain of rabbit
Explanation
The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals. The cerebrum is divided into two cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white matter known as the corpus callosum Answer : (c)
Q.37
Cerebrum regulates
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a) Speech
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b) Hearing
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c) Vision
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d) All the above
Explanation
The cerebrum is a major part of the brain, controlling emotions, hearing, vision, personality and much more. It controls all voluntary actions. Answer : (d)
Q.38
The vibrations of tympanic membrane are amplified approximately…….times in the oval window
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a) 5
0%
b) 20
0%
c) 40
0%
d) 55
Explanation
When the sound waves are transmitted from the eardrum to the oval window, the middle ear is functioning as an acoustic transformer amplifying the sound waves before they move on into the inner ear. The pressure of the sound waves on the oval window is some 20 times higher than on the eardrum. Answer : (c)
Q.39
Adrenaline affects directly
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a) β cells of Langerhans
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b) Epithelial cells of stomach
0%
c) S.A. Node
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d) Dorsal root of spinal nerve
Explanation
Adrenaline: hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that increases rates of blood circulation, breathing, and carbohydrate metabolism and prepares muscles for exertion. Also called epinephrine. SA node is the pacemaker for the heart, but it in turn is controlled by the vagus nerve Answer : (c)
Q.40
Which nervous disorder is characterised by symptoms of bradykinesia , akinesia and tremors?
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a) Epilepsy
0%
b) Alzheimer’s disease
0%
c) Parkinson’s disease
0%
d) Huntington’s disease
Explanation
c)Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. Bradykinesia: Slow movement. impaired ability to adjust the body's position. Akinesia:Absence or loss of the power of voluntary movement Tremor can be a symptom associated with disorders control muscles as the hands. a)Epilepsy: is a brain disorder that causes people to have recurring seizures. The seizures happen when clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain send out the wrong signals. b) Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. c) Huntington’s disease is a hereditary condition in which your brain’s nerve cells gradually break down. This affects your physical movements, emotions, and cognitive abilities. Answer : (c)
Q.41
Alcoholic fermentation is carried out by … ..[ CBSE 2000]
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a) Saccharomyces
0%
b) lactobacillus
0%
c) Clostridium
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d) Aspergillus
Explanation
All ethanol contained in alcoholic beverages is produced by means of fermentation induced by yeast. Saccharomyces is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. Many members of this genus are considered very important in food production. It is known as the brewer's yeast or baker's yeast. Answer : (a)
Q.42
Total number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule in eukaryotic cell is … ..[ kerala 2001]
0%
a) 38
0%
b) 36
0%
c) 24
0%
d) 12
Explanation
Net yield of ATP per step in aerobic respiration: Glycolysis: 2ATP / glucose. Krebs Cycle: 2ATP/glucose. Electron Transport Chain (oxidative phosphorylation): 32 ATP/glucose. Total: 36 ATP/glucose (for eukaryotic cells) Answer : (b)
Q.43
Krebs cycle begins with the reaction … ..[ Har PMT 1997]
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a) OAA + Acetyl CoA
0%
b) Citric acid + Acetyl CoA
0%
c) OAA + Pyruvic acid
0%
d) OAA + Citric acid
Explanation
In the first step of the Krebs cycle, acetyl CoA joins with a four-carbon molecule, oxaloacetate(OAA), releasing the COA group and forming a six-carbon molecule called citrate. Answer : (a)
Q.44
ETC and TCA enzyme occur in … .. [ JIPMER 1996]
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a) Ribosomes
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b) Endoplasmic reticulum
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c) Mitochondria
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d) Cytoplasm and nucleus
Explanation
An electron acceptor is a chemical entity that accepts electrons transferred to it from another compound. It is an oxidizing agent that, by virtue of its accepting electrons, is itself reduced in the process. Organic acids such as pyruvate and malate produced in the cytosol by processes described above are further oxidised in mitochondria by the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and subsequent respiratory chain. Energy released by this oxidation is used to synthesise ATP which is then exported to the cytosol for use in biosynthesis and growth. ETC and TCA enzyme occur in motochondria Answer : (c)
Q.45
R.Q. for malic acid is .. .. [ RPMT 1996]
0%
a) 1.3
0%
b) 4
0%
c) 0.7
0%
d) 1
Explanation
Respiratory quotient is the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide produced to the volume of oxygen consumed in respiration over a period of time. RQ = Volume of CO2 evolved/Volume of O2 absorbed C4H6O + 3O2 → 4CO2 + 3HO2O RQ = 4CO2/3O2 or 1.3 malic acid Answer : (a)
Q.46
Respiratory substrate yielding maximum number of ATP molecules is .. .. [ CBSE 1994]
0%
a) Ketogenic amino acids
0%
b) Glucose
0%
c) Amylose
0%
d) Glycogen
Explanation
Biology textbooks often state that 38 ATP molecules can be made per oxidized glucose molecule during cellular respiration (2 from glycolysis, 2 from the Krebs cycle, and about 34 from the electron transport system). Answer : (b)
Q.47
Number of carbons in pyruvic acid is … .. [ CPMT 1992]
0%
a) 6
0%
b) 3
0%
c) 2
0%
d) 1
Explanation
Pyruvicacid Chemical formula: C3H4O3 Answer : (b)
Q.48
Oxidative phosphorylation is production of … .. [ CBSE 1992]
0%
a) ATP in photosynthesis
0%
b) NADH in photosynthesis
0%
c) ATP is respiration
0%
d) NADH in respiration
Explanation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing energy which is used to reform ATP. Answer : (c)
Q.49
Lateral ventricles are connected to third ventricle through
0%
a) Iter
0%
b) Foramen of Monro
0%
c) Corpus striatum
0%
d) Filum terminale
Explanation
Foramen of Monro : the small opening (on both the right and left sides) that connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon with the lateral ventricle in the cerebral hemisphere Answer : (b)
Q.50
An inhibitory neurotransmitter is … ..[ BHU 2007]
0%
a) GABA
0%
b) Adrenaline
0%
c) Epinephrine
0%
d) Acetylcholine
Explanation
GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter It plays the principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of degree of muscle tension or resistance during rest or in response to stretching. Answer : (a)
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