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Quiz 8
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Q.1
Specific receptors responsible for the balance of the body and posture are
0%
a) Organ of corti
0%
b) Crista and macula
0%
c) Basilar membrane
0%
d) Tectorial membrane
Explanation
The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation. The organ of Corti is the sensitive element in the inner ear and can be thought of as the body's miThe basilar membrane is also the base for the sensory cells of hearingcrophone. Tectorial membrane for healthy auditory function in mammals Answer : (b)
Q.2
Progressive deterioration of nerve cells of brain that control finer muscular movements causes …
0%
a) Parkinson’s disease
0%
b) Alzheimer’s disease
0%
c) Huntigton’s chorea
0%
d) Epilepsy
Explanation
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative, progressive disorder that affects nerve cells in deep parts of the brain called the basal ganglia and the substantia nigra. Alzheimer's is caused by brain cell death. It is aneurodegenerative disease, which means there is progressive brain cell death that happens over time. In a person with Alzheimer's, the tissue has fewer and fewer nerve cells and connections. Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited disease that causes certain nerve cells in the brain to waste away. Head trauma as a result of a car accident or other traumatic injury can cause epilepsy. Answer : (a)
Q.3
Synaptic fatigue is due to
0%
a) Repeated release of acetylcholine
0%
b) Repeated release of adrenaline
0%
c) Exhaustion of neurotransmitter
0%
d) Exhaustion of acetyl cholinesterase
Explanation
Synaptic fatigue is temporary inability of neurons to fire and therefore transmit an input signal. When the neurons die or become impaired, they produce less dopamine a neurotransmitter. Answer : (c)
Q.4
In mammals the brain centre regulating body temperature is found in …. [ BHU 2007]
0%
a) Cerebellum
0%
b) Cerebral lobe
0%
c) Hypothalamus
0%
d) Medulla oblongata
Explanation
The hormones from the hypothalamus govern physiologic functions such as temperature regulation, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, sex drive, and the release of other hormones within the body. Answer : (c)
Q.5
High frequency sound waves vibrate basilar membrane
0%
a) Near helicotrema
0%
b)In middle of cochlea
0%
c) From oval window to helicotrema
0%
d) Near oval window
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.6
Afferent nerve fibres carry impulse from
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a) Effector organs to CNS
0%
b) Receptors to CNS
0%
c) CNS to receptors
0%
d) CNS to muscles
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.7
Mid brain contains
0%
a) Corpora quadrigemina
0%
b) Diencephalon
0%
c) Cerebrum
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
The midbrain consists of the tectum and tegmentum. The corpora quadrigemina (Latin for "quadruplet bodies") are the four colliculi—two inferior, two superior—located on the tectum of the dorsal aspect of the midbrain. They are respectively named the inferior and superior colliculus. The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing Answer : (a)
Q.8
Brain is dependent on blood supply for
0%
a) O2 and ATP
0%
b) O2 and electrolytes
0%
c) O2 and glucose
0%
d) ATP and glucose
Explanation
Brain is dependent on blood supply for O2 and glucose Answer : (c)
Q.9
Neopallium is found in the brain of
0%
a) Amphibian
0%
b) Advanced reptiles
0%
c) Mammals
0%
d) Both b.and c.
Explanation
The neopallium, also called the neocortex and isocortex, is the part of brain involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning and language. Answer : (d)
Q.10
Endolymph has good quantity of
0%
a) Na
0%
b) Ca
0%
c) Mg
0%
d) Cl
Explanation
Composition
Perilymph
Endolymph
Na(mM)
140
1
K(mM)
4-5
150
Cl(mM)
110
130
Ca(mM)
1.2
0.02
Glucose (mM)
4
0.4
Composition and properties of the two cochlear fluids Answer : (d)
Q.11
Cerebrospinal fluid occurs
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a) Beneath arachnoid
0%
b) Beneath piamater
0%
c) Between arachnoid and piamater
0%
d) Between duramater and cranium
Explanation
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates in the subarachnoid space between arachnoid and pia mater. Answer : (c)
Q.12
Lens In low light intensity, images are formed
0%
a) Rods
0%
b) Cones
0%
c) Both a and b
0%
d) Lens
Explanation
The rods are most sensitive to light and dark changes, shape and movement and contain only one type of light-sensitive pigment. Rods are not good for color vision Answer : (a)
Q.13
Scala vestibuli is connected with
0%
a) Fenestra rotundus
0%
b) Fenestra ovalis
0%
c) Scala media
0%
d) Eustachian tube
Explanation
The oval window or fenestra vestibuli is a membrane-covered opening that leads from the middle ear to the vestibule of the inner ear. Answer : (b)
Q.14
Neurons producing hormone-like substances are
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a) Neurosecretory
0%
b) Sensory
0%
c) Motor
0%
d) Both a. and b.
Explanation
A neurohormone is any hormone produced and released by neuroendocrine cells (also called neurosecretory cells) into the blood such as as acetylcholine and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which are liberated at nerve endings in minute amounts and have only a momentary action. Answer : (a)
Q.15
Broca’s area is connected with
0%
a) Sensation of smell
0%
b) Learning and reasoning
0%
c) Speech
0%
d) Receiving impulse from eye
Explanation
Broca's area is a bit of the brain which is on the front left side of the cortex of the brain and it's responsible for generating speech. It is involved mainly in producing speech, writing, and also in language processing and comprehension Answer : (c)
Q.16
Which is thickened to form organ of corti?
0%
a) Tectorial membrane
0%
b) Ressiner’s membrane
0%
c) Basilar membrane
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
organ of corti is situated on the basilar membrane in one of the three compartments of the Cochlea. The tectorial membrane (TM) is one of two acellular membranes in the cochlea of the inner ear, the other being the basilar membrane (BM) Answer : (a)
Q.17
Bony labyrinth of ear contains a fluid known as
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a) Endolymph
0%
b) Perilymph
0%
c) Humor
0%
d) Synovial fluid
Explanation
The membranous labyrinth is a collection of the perilymph fluid Answer : (b)
Q.18
Ratio of Na+ and K+ ions across nerve membrane is
0%
a) 50:40
0%
b) 60: 30
0%
c) 30: 10
0%
d) 30: 20
Explanation
The transport of 3 Na+ for 2 K+ across the membrane, through the means of the sodium pump, maintains transmembrane gradients for the ions Answer : (d)
Q.19
During depolarization/impulse transmission, permeability of neuron increases towards
0%
a) H+
0%
b) Na+
0%
c) Ag+
0%
d) Mg2+
Explanation
depolarization is a change within a cell, during which the cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution, resulting in less negative charge inside the cell. the sodium ions rush back into the cell, they add positive charge to the cell interior, and change the membrane potential from negative to positive Answer : (b)
Q.20
Route of reflex arc is
0%
a) Effectors, grey matter , motor fibres, sensory fibres and receptors
0%
b) Receptors, sensory fibres, grey matter and motor fibres
0%
c) Receptors, sensory fibres, grey matter, motor fibres and effectors
0%
d) Sensory fibres , grey matter , motor fibres , receptors and effectors.
Explanation
Route of reflex arc is Receptors, sensory fibres, grey matter, motor fibres and effectors Answer : (c)
Q.21
Pons connects Answer : (a)
0%
a) Brain with spinal cord
0%
b) Cerebrum with cerebellum
0%
c) Two lobes of cerebellum
0%
d) Two cerebral hemispheres
Explanation
The brainstem is where the spinal cord goes into the brain, includes the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. Answer : (a)
Q.22
Corpus callosum is found in
0%
a) Medulla oblongata
0%
b) Pons
0%
c) Cerebrum
0%
d) Cerebellum
Explanation
The corpus callosum is a large, C-shaped nerve fiber bundle found beneath the cerebral cortex, cerebral cortex is outer part of cerebrum Answer : (c)
Q.23
Movement of nerve impulse across synaptic cleft is primarily
0%
a) Physical event
0%
b) Electrical event
0%
c) Chemical event
0%
d) Biological event
Explanation
A nervous impulse is transmitted across the synapse from a pre-synapticneurone to a post-synaptic neurone through the use of neurotransmitter diffusion. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Sensory crista of ampulla of mammalian ear is connected with
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a) Sense of balance
0%
b) Sense of low hearing
0%
c) Sense of loud hearing
0%
d) Secretion of ear wax
Explanation
The function of the crista ampullaris is to sense angular acceleration and deceleration. Answer: (a)
Q.25
Identify the origin of sympathetic nerve fibres and location of their ganglia … …[ WB 2012]
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a) Thoracicolumbar, close to effector organ
0%
b) Craniosacral, close to effector organ
0%
c) Thoracicolimbar, beside vertebral column
0%
d) Thoracicocervical, beside vertebral column
Explanation
sympathetic nervous system originates in the spinal cord. Thoracicolumbar(Thoracolumbar) relating to the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine denoting the sympathetic nervous system. thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord specifically at T1 to L2~L3. Answer : (c)
Q.26
What are correct about control of Broca area? … [ BHU 2008]Breathing Movement of vocal cordsMovement of teethMovement of tongue
0%
a) 1, 2, 3 correct
0%
b) 1,2 correct
0%
c) 2, 4 correct
0%
d) 1, 3 correct
Explanation
Broca’sareafunctions linked to speech production, which requires movement of vocal cords and tongue Answer : (c)
Q.27
II ,VII, VIII and IX cranial nerves are
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a) Optic , facial , auditory, glossopharyngeal
0%
b) Optic , auditory, facial, hypoglossal
0%
c) Oculomotor , auditory, abducens , hypoglossal
0%
d) Optic , facial , abducens and glossopharyngeal
Explanation
Cranial Nerve
Name
Function
I
The Olfactory Nerve
Sense of Smell
II
The Optic Nerve
Vision
III
The Oculomotor Nerve
Raise eyelids, move eyes, regulate the size of pupils, focus of lenses.
IV
The Trochlear Nerve
Eye movements, proprioception
V
The Trigeminal Nerve
Sensations of the head and face, chewing movements, and muscle sense.
VI
The Abducent Nerve
Produce movements of the eyes
VII
The Facial Nerve
Facial expressions, secretion of saliva, taste.
VIII
The Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Balance or equilibrium sense. Hearing.
IX
The Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Taste and other sensations of tongue, swallowing, secretion of saliva, aid in reflex control of blood pressure and respiration.
X
The Vagus Nervehistorically cited as the pneumogastric nerve
Transmit impulses to muscles associated with speech, swallowing, the heart, smooth muscles of visceral organs in the thorax, and abdomen.
XI
Accessory nerve
Turning movements of the head, movements of the shoulder and viscera, voice production.
XII
Hypoglossal
Tongue movements
Answer : (a)
Q.28
In brain lateral ventricle is connected to diocoel by … [ Odisha 2010]
0%
a) Foramen of Monro
0%
b) Foramen of Magendie
0%
c) Foramen of Luschka
0%
d) Both a and b
Explanation
3rd ventricle also known as Diocoel Foramen of Monro : the small opening (on both the right and left sides) that connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon with the lateral ventricle in the cerebral hemisphere Answer : (a)
Q.29
Vibrations of fenestra ovalis are transmitted to
0%
a) Endolymph of scala media
0%
b) Endolymph of scala vestibule
0%
c) Perilymph of scala vestibule
0%
d) Perilymph of scala tympani
Explanation
Fenestrao valis also known as oval window is connected to scala vestibule and liquid in scala vestibule is perilymph. Answer : (c)
Q.30
Middle ear contains
0%
a) Fluid
0%
b) Blood
0%
c) Air
0%
d) Wax
Explanation
The primary function of the middle ear is to efficiently transfer acoustic energy from compression waves in air to fluid–membrane waves within the cochlea. Answer : (c)
Q.31
Sympathetic nervous system increases
0%
a) Heart beat
0%
b) Secretion of saliva
0%
c) Secretion of digestive juices
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Organ
Effect of sympathetic nervous system
Glands (nasal, lacrimal, salivary, gastric, pancreas)
inhibits secretory activity; causes vasoconstiction of blood vessels supplying glands
Eye
Dilates pupil
Heart
Increases rate and force of contraction
Lungs
Dilates bronchioles via circulating adrenaline
Sweat Glands
stimulates sweating
Kidney
Increases renin secretion
Answer : (a)
Q.32
Opacity of eye lens leads to
0%
a) Glaucoma
0%
b) Cataract
0%
c) Presbyopia
0%
d) Astigmatism
Explanation
A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision Answer : (b)
Q.33
Match the columns
a. Bowman’s capsule
p. Spinal cord
b. A.V. valves
q. Brain
c. Cerebellum
r. Kidney
d. Alveoli
s. Heart
- - - -
t. Lungs
0%
a) a. –r. , b.- s. , c. – t., d. – q.
0%
b) a. –r., b.- t. , c.- s. , d. – q.
0%
c) a. – r. , b. – s. , c. – q. , d. – t.
0%
d) a. – p. , b. – q. , c. – s. , d. – t.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.34
Reduction in elasticity of eye lens with eye causes
0%
a) Myopia
0%
b) Presbyopia
0%
c) Cataract
0%
d) Hypermetropia
Explanation
Presbyopia is an eye condition in which your eye slowly loses the ability to focus quickly on objects that are close due to reduction in elasticity of eye lens Answer : (b)
Q.35
Rods and cones of retina are modified
0%
a) Bipolar neurons
0%
b) Unipolar neurons
0%
c) Multipolar neurons
0%
d) Hairs
Explanation
Rod cells and cone cells are bipolar neurons, they have modified dendrite ends that are light sensitive Answer : (a)
Q.36
Which of the following nerves innervates the alimentary canal/thoracic region … ..[ Guj CET 2010]
0%
a) Oculomotor
0%
b) Abducens
0%
c) Vagus
0%
d) Trigeminal
Explanation
Innervates meaning is supply (an organ or other body part) with nerves. The vagus nerve cited as the pneumogastric nerve, is the tenth cranial nerve or CN X, and interfaces with parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract. Answer : (c)
Q.37
Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by
0%
a) Ependymal cells
0%
b) Choroid plexus
0%
c) Neurons
0%
d) Neuroglial cells
Explanation
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced from arterial blood by the choroid plexuses of the lateral and fourth ventricles by a combined process of diffusion, pinocytosis and active transfer. Answer : (b)
Q.38
In mammals, the organ of corti occurs in
0%
a) Tympanic canal
0%
b) Cochlear canal
0%
c) Vestibular canal
0%
d) Auditory meatus
Explanation
The organ of Corti, or spiral organ, is the receptor organ for hearing and is located in the mammalian cochlea. Answer : (b)
Q.39
Nerve fibres in resting stage is …. [ DPMT 2008]
0%
a) Less permeable to K+
0%
b) Semipermeable
0%
c) More permeable to K+
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
In resting phase, the membrane is 30 times more permeable to potassium ions (K+) than the sodium (Na+) ions. As a result of which inside the axon there is more K+ and likewise more Na+ on outside of the membrane. Answer : (c)
Q.40
Assertion a : In depolarization process there is a positive charge on the outer side of nerve fibres and negative change on its inner side Reason r: During depolarization, permeability of plasma membrane increases for sodium ions, so Na+ ions move to outer side of the membrane and K+ enter the nerve fibre
0%
a) Both a and r correct with r being correct reason for a
0%
b) Both a and r correct with r is not correct reason for a
0%
c) a is correct but r is wrong
0%
d) Both a and r are wrong
Explanation
Depolarization is when a cell membrane's charge becomes positive to generate an action potential. This is usually caused by positive sodium and calcium ions going into the cell. Answer : (d)
Q.41
Cones are concentrated at
0%
a) Fovea centralis
0%
b) Blind spot
0%
c) Edge of retina
0%
d) Choroid
Explanation
The 6 to 7 million cones provide the eye's color sensitivity and they are much more concentrated in the central yellow spot known as the macula. In the center of that region is the " foveacentralis ", a 0.3 mm diameter rod-free area with very thin, densely packed cones. Answer : (a)
Q.42
Cranial nerves are part of … …
0%
a) Sympathetic nervous system
0%
b) Parasympathetic nervous system
0%
c) Somatic nervous system
0%
d) Central nervous system
Explanation
somatic nervous system consists of two parts: Spinal nerves: They are peripheral nerves that carry sensory information into and motor commands out of the spinal cord. Cranial nerves: They are the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem. They include smell, vision, eye, eye muscles, mouth, taste, ear, neck, shoulders, and tongue. Answer : (c)
Q.43
Ions involved in conduction of nerve impulse are
0%
a) Na+ , K+
0%
b) Na+ , Ca2+
0%
c) Ca2+ , Mg2+
0%
d) K+, Mg2+
Explanation
Ions involved in conduction of nerve impulse are Na+ , K+ Answer : (a)
Q.44
Lens and cornea do not blood supply. They are supplied with nutrients by
0%
a) Vitreous humor
0%
b) Aqueous humor
0%
c) Blind spot
0%
d) Retina
Explanation
The aqueous humour plays an essential role in the health of your eye. As well as nourishing the cornea and the lens by supplying nutrition such as amino acids and glucose, the aqueous humourmaintain intraocular pressure. Transport vitamin C in the front segment to act as an antioxidant agent Answer : (b)
Q.45
First cranial nerve is
0%
a) Auditory
0%
b) Optic
0%
c) Olfactory
0%
d) Oculomotor
Explanation
First cranial nerve is Olfactory sense smell Answer : (c)
Q.46
The receptors for sound waves are present on
0%
a) Organs of corti
0%
b) Reissner’s membrane
0%
c) Semicircular canals
0%
d) Sacculus
Explanation
Sensory receptors of hearing are hair cells, hair cells located in the organ of Corti transduce mechanical sound vibrations into nerve impulses Answer : (a)
Q.47
Initiation of nerve impulse is due to … ..[ Wardha 2011]
0%
a) Release of Ca2+
0%
b) Absorption of Ca2+
0%
c) Stoppage of Na+ - K+ ATP-ase pump
0%
d) Activation of Na+ - K+ ATP-ase pump
Explanation
Initiation or Generation of a Nerve Impulse (Action Potential) . At rest, the voltage-sensitive sodium and potassium gates in the channels in the plasma membrane of a nerve cell are nearly closed and the Na+/K+ pump moves 3 Na+ ions to the ECF and 2 K+ ions to the ICF Answer : (d)
Q.48
Medulla oblongata encloses
0%
a) Fourth ventricle
0%
b) Third ventricle
0%
c) Second ventricle
0%
d) Optic lobes
Explanation
Medulla oblongata encloses the fourth ventricle or the metacoei or the myelocoel. Answer : (a)
Q.49
Fovea centralis perceives
0%
a) Dim light
0%
b) Diffuse light
0%
c) Colored light and bright light
0%
d) Colored light and dim light
Explanation
Fovea have many cones Answer : (c)
Q.50
Eye is near-sighted when
0%
a) Near object is focused behind retina
0%
b) Distant object is focused behind retina
0%
c) Distant object is focused in front of retina
0%
d) Near object is focused in front of retina
Explanation
Eye is near-sighted, it is myopia Answer : (c)
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