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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 12
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Q.1
Succus entericus is... [ AFMC 1995 ] Explanation is provided, please click on
0%
a) Swollen area between ileum and rectum
0%
b) Intestinal juice
0%
c) Any swelling in gut
0%
d) Vermiform appendix
Explanation
succus entericus. The clear to pale yellow watery secretions from the glands lining the small intestine walls. It contains hormones, digestive enzymes, mucus and bicarbonate. Answer : (b)
Q.2
The intestinal juice, succus entericus is secreted by [ Bih. PMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Villi
0%
b) Crypt of Lieberkuhn
0%
c) Brunner's Glands
0%
d) Crypt of Lieberkuhn and Brunner's glands
Explanation
Succus entericus An antiquated, nonspecific term for the sum total of intestinal secretions. Crypt of Liberkuhn and Brunner's glands both are present small intestine. Crypt of Liberkuhn : secretes digestive enzymes example peptidase and sucrose maltase, lactase Brunner's glands: secretes bicarbonates Answer : (d)
Q.3
Hormone secretin is produced by ....[MPPMT 1995]
0%
a) Stomach
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Intestine
0%
d) Pancreas
Explanation
Secretin is synthesized in cytoplasmic secretory granules of S-cells, which are found mainly in the mucosa of the duodenum which is the part of small intestine Answer : (c)
Q.4
Common passage for swallowing food and breathing is ...[MPPMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Gullet
0%
b) Pharynx
0%
c) Glottis
0%
d) Larynx
Explanation
The pharynx is the body cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larynx and esophagus. It is commonly referred to as the throat. The pharynx is part of both the digestive and respiratory systems. For the digestive system, its muscular walls function in the process of swallowing and it serves as a pathway for the movement of food from the mouth to the esophagus. As part of the respiratory system, it allows for the movement of air from the nose and mouth to the larynx in the process of breathing. Answer : (b)
Q.5
Stimulation of acid secretion of stomach is due to ... [ CPMT 1990]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Histamine
0%
c) Vagal activation
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
There are three regulatory molecules that stimulate acid secretion (acetylcholine, histamine, gastrin) Vagal activation causes secretion of acetylcholine. The main constituent of gastric acid is hydrochloric acid which is produced by parietal cells Gastric acid production is regulated by both the autonomic nervous system and several hormones. The parasympathetic nervous system, via the vagus nerve, and the hormone gastrin stimulate the parietal cell to produce gastric acid, both directly acting on parietal cells and indirectly, through the stimulation of the secretion of the hormone histamine from enterochromaffine-like cells (ECL). Vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin all inhibit production. Answer : (d)
Q.6
Emulsification of fat is carried out by ....[ CBSE 1990 ]
0%
a) Bile pigment
0%
b) Bile salts
0%
c) HCl
0%
d) Pancreatic juice
Explanation
Bile salts it binds with lipids to form micelles. Answer : (b)
Q.7
In mammals, digestion of starch begins in ...[ DPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Oesophagus
0%
b) Mouth
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Duodenum
Explanation
The digestion of starch begins with salivary amylase secreted by salivary glands in mouth. Amylase hydrolyzes starch, with the primary end products being maltose, maltotriose, and a -dextrins, although some glucose is also produced Answer : (b)
Q.8
Pancreas produces ... [ CBSE 1991 ]
0%
a) Three digestive enzymes and one hormone
0%
b) Three digestive enzymes and three hormone
0%
c) two digestive enzymes and one hormone
0%
d) Three digestive enzymes and no hormone
Explanation
Three hormones: glucagon, insulin and somatostatin Three enzymes: Trypsinogen, protease ,trypsin Answer : (b)
Q.9
Ascorbic acid is vitamin ... [ JKCMEE 200 ]
0%
a) C
0%
b) D
0%
c) B
0%
d) A
Explanation
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid Answer : (a)
Q.10
Lacteals take part..[ KCET 2006 ]
0%
a) Digestion of milk
0%
b) Absorption of fat/fatty acids and glycerol
0%
c) Digestion of lactic acid
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
A lacteal is a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fat/fatty acids and glycerol in the villi of the small intestine. Answer : (b)
Q.11
Mammalian teeth are ..[CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Acrodont
0%
b) Homodont
0%
c) Thecodont
0%
d) polyphyodont
Explanation
Mammalian teeth aresunk in sockets thus mammalian teeth are thecodont. Acrodont: describes the teeth of some reptiles that have no roots and are joined to the jawbone Homodont: used to describe vertebrates that have teeth that are all similar in shape, as in most nonmammalian vertebrates Polyphyodont: is any animal whose teeth are continually replaced Answer : (c)
Q.12
Deficiency of copper causes .... [ MPPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Anaemia and damage to CNS
0%
b) Xerophthalmia
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Influenza
Explanation
The characteristic blood effects of copper deficiency are anemia Enzymes in the central nervous system that depend on copper for their function Answer : (a)
Q.13
Trypsin differs from pepsin in digestion of proteins in ...[ JIPMER 2004 ]
0%
a) Acidic medium
0%
b) Alkaline medium
0%
c) Neutral medium
0%
d) Different pH range
Explanation
Trypsin catalyses Alkaline medium Pepsin catalyses in acidic medium Answer : (b)
Q.14
Excessive bleeding from an injury is due to deficiency of ...[CBSE 2002]
0%
a) Vitamin A
0%
b) Vitamin B
0%
c) Vitamin K
0%
d) Vitamin E
Explanation
Vitamin K plays a key role in helping the blood clot, preventing excessive bleeding. Deficiency of Vitamin K causes excessive bleeding. Answer : (c)
Q.15
For activity of carboxypeptidase requires ...[CBSE Mains 2012 ]
0%
a) Zinc
0%
b) Niacin
0%
c) Copper
0%
d) Iron
Explanation
Protein substrate binds to carboxypeptidase. A zinc ion (Zn2+) is tightly bound near the active site and assists in catalysis. Answer : (a)
Q.16
Antixerophthalmic vitamin is .... [ AFMC 1996 ]
0%
a) K
0%
b) E
0%
c) D
0%
d) A
Explanation
Antixerophthalmic : preventing or curing xerophthalmia is vitamin A Xerophthalmia is a medical condition in which the eye fails to produce tears. It may be caused by vitamin A deficiency, which is sometimes used to describe that condition, although there may be other causes. Antixerophthalmic vitamin refers to a group of fat-soluble substances plays vital roles in vision, epithelial differentiation, growth, reproduction, patternformation during embryogenesis, bone development, hematopoiesis and brain development. It is also important for the maintenance of the proper functioning of the immune system. Answer : (d)
Q.17
Which is not a function of HCl? [RPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Killing microbes
0%
b) Prevention of food decay
0%
c) Solubilisation of calcified hard parts
0%
d) Stimulation of lipase in stomach
Explanation
The main source of lipase in digestive tract is pancreas, Answer : (d)
Q.18
Death of intestinal bacteria will cause .... [CPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Blindness
0%
b) Tired feeling
0%
c) Reduced synthesis of B-complex and K-vitamins
0%
d) Reduced excretion
Explanation
Enzymes produced by intestinal bacteria are important in the metabolism of several vitamins. The intestinal microflora synthesizes vitamin K, which is a necessary cofactor in the production of prothrombin and other blood clotting factors. Treatment with antibiotics, particularly in individuals eating a diet low in vitamin K, can result in low plasma prothrombin levels and a tendency to bleed. Intestinal bacteria also synthesize biotin, vitamin B12, folic acid, and thiamine. Answer : (c)
Q.19
Calcium occurs in ....[CPMT 1996]
0%
a) All body cells
0%
b) Bones and teeth
0%
c) Cells of respiratory system
0%
d) 3% of mineral content
Explanation
Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a vital role in the physiology and biochemistry of organisms and the cell. They play an important role in signal transduction pathways, where they act as a second messenger, in neurotransmitter release from neurons, in contraction of all muscle cell types, and in fertilization Answer : (a)
Q.20
Choose correct pair [ CBSE 1996]
0%
a) Rennin - Casein
0%
b) Protein - Amylase
0%
c) Carbohydrate - Lipase
0%
d) Maltase - Lactose
Explanation
Rennin also known as Chymosin it is a proteolytic enzyme related to pepsin Its role in digestion is to curdle or coagulate milk in the stomach, a process of considerable importance in the very young animal. Option (a) Pair is correct An amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.Option (b) and (c) Pair is wrong Answer : (a)
Q.21
Which is a specific gastric hormone? [ AFMC 1997 ]
0%
a) Secretin
0%
b) Serotinin
0%
c) Amphetamine
0%
d) None of above
Explanation
Secretin is synthesized in cytoplasmic secretory granules of S-cells, which are found mainly in the mucosa of the duodenum which is the part of small intestine. Answer : (a)
Q.22
Gastric juice contains ... [ Kerala 2010 ]
0%
a) Pepsin, lipase and rennin
0%
b) Trypsin, lipase and rennin
0%
c) Trypsin, pepsin and lipase
0%
d) Trypsin, pepsin and rennin
Explanation
Gastric lipase is an acidic lipase secreted by the gastric chief cells in the fundic mucosa in the stomach. Pancreatic lipase is produced in the pancreas Answer : (a)
Q.23
Which mineral deficiency is supplemented on a large scale in India? [ BHU 1998]
0%
a) Potassium
0%
b) Iron
0%
c) Iodine
0%
d) Sodium
Explanation
India has the largest number of children born vulnerable to iodine-deficiency Answer : (c)
Q.24
Which pairing is not correct
0%
a) Vitamin D - Rickets
0%
b) Vitamin K - Sterility
0%
c) Thiamine - Beri-beri
0%
d) Niacin - Pellagra
Explanation
Not Vitamin K but vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of infertility or Sterility Answer : (b)
Q.25
Lathyrism due to consumption of khesri dal is characterised by ...[CBSE 1998 ]
0%
a) Skeletal deformation and thinning of collagen fibres
0%
b) Skeletal abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and reproductive failure
0%
c) Retarded growth, precocious puberty and renal dysfunction.
0%
d) Cardiovascular abnormalities, mental retardation and delayed puberty
Explanation
Lathyrism characterised by Skeletal deformation and thinning of collagen fibre ,Leg weakness, Leg paralysis, Leg muscle rigidity, Leg muscle spasticity, Pain, Emaciated buttock muscles khesri dal consumption was linked to a neurological disorder called lathyrism Answer : (a)
Q.26
Major requirement of protein in the body is for ..[CPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) Energy
0%
b) Growth
0%
c) Repair
0%
d) Proper nourishmnet
Explanation
Protein are one of the building blocks of body tissue, thus growth Answer : (b)
Q.27
Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found in... [ Kerala 2008 ]
0%
a) Small intestine, secrete digestive enzymes
0%
b) Pancreas, secrete pancreatic juice
0%
c) Stomach, secrete gastric juice
0%
d) Liver, secrete bile
Explanation
Crypts of Lieberkuhn present in the epithelia of the villi extend down into the lamina propria where they form crypts. Secrete digestive enzymes: secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastric inhibitory protein (GIP), motilin Answer : (a)
Q.28
Which one is rich in magnesium ...[ JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) Milk
0%
b) Meat
0%
c) Soyabean
0%
d) Egg
Explanation
Magnesium contain in 100 gm Milk – 11mg Meat – 29 mg Soyabean – 280 mg Egg – 10 mg Answer : (c)
Q.29
In Man the zymogen or chief cells are mainly found in...[CBSE 1990 ]
0%
a) Cardiac part of stomach
0%
b) Pyloric part of stomach
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Fundus part of stomach
Explanation
The fundus of the stomach is the second part of the stomach. The rugae contain several specialized cells to help aid in digestion including parietal cells (HCl- Hydrochloric acid production by releasing H+ and Cl-), Chief cells (pepsin production by releasing pepsinogin which reacts with HCl to make pepsin), and Mucus cells (to release mucus and coat the stomach, protecting it from the low pH, high acid environment) The main functions of the pylorus or are to prevent intestinal contents from reentering the stomach when the small intestine contracts and to limit the passage of large food particles or undigested material into the intestine. The cardia is the first part of the stomach below the esophagus. It contains the cardiac sphincter, which is a thin ring of muscle that helps to prevent stomach contents from going back up into the esophagus Answer : (d)
Q.30
Cholecystokinin is secretion of ...[ AFMC 2005 ]
0%
a) Duodenum that stimulates the release of bile
0%
b) Goblet cells of ileum, stimulates secretion of succus entricus
0%
c) Liver and controls secondary sex characters.
0%
d) Stomach that stimulates pancreas to release juice
Explanation
Cholecystokinin is secreted by cells of the upper small intestine (duodenum).a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Answer : (a)
Q.31
A salivary gland is .... [ KCET 1999]
0%
a) Brunner's gland
0%
b) Sublingual gland
0%
c) Lacrimal gland
0%
d) Adrenal gland
Explanation
The paired sublingual glands are major salivary glands in the mouth. Answer : (b)
Q.32
Vitamin required for formation of rhodopsin is .... [ MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B2
0%
c) D
0%
d) C
Explanation
Rhodopsin is made up of opsin (a colourless protein) and 11-cis-retinal (11-cis-retinaldehyde), a pigmented molecule derived from vitamin A. Answer : (a)
Q.33
ion Q64) Water soluble vitamins are .. .[ Bih. PMT 2006 ]
0%
a) C and D
0%
b) A and C
0%
c) B and C
0%
d) A and D
Explanation
Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Answer : (c)
Q.34
Pepsinogen is secreted by ..[ CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Mucous glands
0%
b) Intestinal glands
0%
c) Chief cells
0%
d) Parietal cells
Explanation
A gastric chief cell (or peptic cell, or gastric zymogenic cell) is a type of cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and gastric lipase Answer : (c)
Q.35
Enzyme maltase of human gut acts on food at ..[ Odisha 2005 ]
0%
a) pH less than 7, changes maltose to glucose
0%
b) pH more than 7, changes maltose to glucose
0%
c) pH less than 7, changes starch to maltose
0%
d) pH more than 7, changes starch to maltose
Explanation
Maltase secreted by the intestine converts maltose into glucose. In small intestine pH gradually increases from 6 to 7.4. Maltase is secreted at brush border of the small intestine where pH is more than 7 Answer : (b)
Q.36
What is also called vitamin G ...[Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) Riboflavin
0%
b) Thiamine
0%
c) Pantothenic acid
0%
d) Niacin
Explanation
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is also known as vitamin G Answer : (a)
Q.37
Inhibition of gastric and stimulation of gastric pancreatic and bile secretions are controlled by hormones..[CBSE 1994 ]
0%
a) Gastrin, secretin, enterocrinin and cholecystokinin
0%
b) Enterogastrone, gastrin, pancreozymin and cholecystokinin
0%
c) Secretin, enterogastrone, cholecystokinin and pancreozymin
0%
d) Secretin, enterogastrone, gastrin and enterocrinin
Explanation
Enterogastrones are hormones that inhibit stomach processes of acid secretion Gastrin stimulates pancreatic acinar cells to secrete digestive enzymes. pancreozymina hormone which stimulates the production of enzymes by the pancreas. Cholecystokinin (CCK)is secreted in response to fats and peptides in the upper small intestines, particularly the duodenum. Actions of CCK include: Secretion of Pancreatic Enzymes. Contraction of Gallbladder. Answer : (b)
Q.38
Which is not the function of liver
0%
a) Production of insulin
0%
b) Detoxification
0%
c) Storage of glycogen
0%
d) Production of bile
Explanation
Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas The liver's main job is to filter the blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines Other functions are: Producing certain proteins for blood plasma Producing cholesterol and special proteins to help carry fats through the body Converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage, which can later be converted to glucose for energy Regulating blood levels of amino acids, which form the building blocks of proteins Processing hemoglobin for use of its iron content Converting poisonous ammonia to urea, clearing the blood of drugs and other poisonous substances Regulating blood clotting Resisting infections by producing immune factors and removing bacteria from the blood stream Answer : (a)
Q.39
Glycogenolysis is ...[Bih PMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Oxidation of sugar
0%
b) Conversion of glycogen into glucose
0%
c) Conversion of glucose into glycogen
0%
d) Conversion of glycogen into fat
Explanation
glycogenolysis the splitting up of glycogen in the liver, yielding glucose. Answer : (b)
Q.40
Which does not occur in case of glucose ..[ JKCMEE 2002 ]
0%
a) Digestion
0%
b) Ingestion
0%
c) Absorption
0%
d) Assimilation
Explanation
Single sugars include glucose, galactose and fructose absorbed by small intestine. without needing to digest them first. Answer : (a)
Q.41
Proteolytic enzymes do not corrode lining of alimentary canal as ...[Uttarakhand 2001 ] Explanation is provided, please click on
0%
a) they are secreted in inactive form
0%
b) Lining layer of alimentary canal does not contain protein
0%
c) The enzymes are not capable of digesting fat
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Digestive enzymes are released in inactive forms called zymogens. This is necessary to prevent the digestive enzymes from digesting the cells that produce them. In a zymogen, part of the protein blocks the active site of the enzyme. Cleaving off this peptide activates the enzyme. Answer : (a)
Q.42
What is cholecystokinin .. [ Odisha 2002 ]
0%
a) Bile pigment
0%
b) Gastro-intestinal hormone
0%
c) Enzyme
0%
d) Lipid
Explanation
Cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release stored bile into the intestine. Answer : (b)
Q.43
Rennin acts on ...[CBSE 1994 ]
0%
a) Milk changing casein into calcium paracaseinate at 7.2-8.2pH
0%
b) Proteins in stomach
0%
c) Fat in intestine
0%
d) Milk changing casein into calcium paracaseinate at 1-3pH
Explanation
Stomach secretes gastric juice pH [1-3.5] which contains prorennin secreted by the zymogen cells. Inactive prorennin is converted into rennin by HCl. Rennin acts on casein, a protein milk changing it into calcium paracaseinate, it is known as curdling of milk Answer : (d)
Q.44
When all the peptide bonds of a protein have been broken down, the resultant would be ...[RPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Polypeptides
0%
b) Oligopeptides
0%
c) Peptides
0%
d) Amino acids
Explanation
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid Answer : (d)
Q.45
Which one of the following is the best source of vitamin A? [ KCET 1997 ]
0%
a) Apple
0%
b) Carrot
0%
c) Honey
0%
d) Peanuts
Explanation
Carrots are a good source of several vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin A (from beta-carotene), biotin, vitamin K (phylloquinone), potassium and vitamin B6. Vitamin A: Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which is converted to vitamin A in the body Answer : (b)
Q.46
Cyanocobalamin is required for the maturation of ...[ AFMC 2012 ]
0%
a) RBC
0%
b) WBC
0%
c) Lymph
0%
d) Platelets
Explanation
Maturation of Red Blood Cells Requires Vitamin B(Cyanocobalamin) and Folic Acid Answer : (a)
Q.47
Hydrolytic enzyme which acts at low pH is ...[CBSE 2002 ]
0%
a) α-amylase
0%
b) proteases
0%
c) Hydrolases
0%
d) Peroxidases
Explanation
hydrolytic enzyme is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. All the proteases, nucleases, amylases, helices, lipase come under hydrolase enzyme or hydrolytic enzyme. Proteases require acidic medium or acts at low pH. correct answer is proteases Answer : (b)
Q.48
In human beings, carbohydrate is stored as glycogen in ...[ Odisha 2003 ]
0%
a) Liver and muscles
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Muscles
0%
d) Spleen
Explanation
Hepatocytes (liver cells) have the highest concentration of glycogenAnd muscles have lower concentration of glycogen Answer : (a)
Q.49
Just as hydrochloric acid to pepsinogen, so is ...[ MPPMT 2004 ]
0%
a) Haemoglobin to oxygen
0%
b) Enterokinase to trypsinogen
0%
c) Bile juice to fat
0%
d) Glucagon to glycogen
Explanation
Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen and converts it to the enzyme pepsin. Trypsinogen is activated by enterokinase (also calledenteropeptidase). Answer : (b)
Q.50
Which one is incorrectly matched .. [ CBSE 2003]
0%
a) Vit C - Scurvy
0%
b) Vit. B3 - Pellagra
0%
c) Vit B12 - Pernicious anaemia
0%
d) Vit B6 - Beri-beri
Explanation
Beri-Beri caused by deficiency of B1 Answer : (d)
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