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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 14
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Q.1
35) Which of the following pair is characterised by swollen lips, thick pigmented skin of hands and legs and irritability? [ CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Thiamine - Beri-Beri
0%
b) Protein - Kwashiorkor
0%
c) Nicotinamide - Pellagra
0%
d) Iodine - Goiter
Explanation
Pellagra is characterised by swollen lips, thick pigmented skin of hands and legs and irritability. Deficiency of Nicotinamide , Niacin (Nicotinic acid) causes Pellagra Answer : (c)
Q.2
Caecum is large for digestion of cellulose with the help of symbiotic bacteria in .. [ CPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Man
0%
b) Rabbit
0%
c) Cat
0%
d) Frog
Explanation
Rabbit have a very large blind sac called a cecum is located where the small intestine and the large intestine join together. The cecum houses microorganisms that can digest cellulose Answer : (b)
Q.3
Match the columns Options
Column I
Column II
a) Saliva
p) Disaccharides
b) gastric juice
q) Trypsin
c) Pancreatic juice
r) Ptyalin
d) Intestinal juice
s) Pepsin
--
t) Cellulase
0%
a) a - r; b - t; c - p; d - q
0%
b) a - s; b - r; c - p; d - t
0%
c) a - r; b - s; c - p; d - t
0%
d) a - r; b - s; c - q; d - p
Explanation
Ptyalin is an enzyme that is part of saliva and aids with digestionby breaking down starches and glycogens as they enter in mouth. a-r Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It is produced in the stomach or part of gastric juice, it helps digest the proteins in food. b-s Trypsinogen is the precursor form or zymogen of trypsin, a digestive enzyme. Produced by the pancreas, it is found in pancreatic juice, along with amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsinogen. c - q Maltase, sucrase and lactase are the three disaccharide digesting enzymes present in intestinal juice. Maltase converts maltose into glucose. Sucrase converts sucrose into glucose and fructose. Lactase converts lactose into glucose and galactose. d - p Answer : (d)
Q.4
38) Aminopeptidase, a digestive enzyme produces... [ AMU 1992 ]
0%
a) Dipeptides
0%
b) Smaller peptides
0%
c) Peptones
0%
d) Amino acids
Explanation
Aminopeptidase an enzyme that breaks down dietary peptides into amino acids Answer : (d)
Q.5
During rest, metabolic requirements are minimum. This is indicated by ...[AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) Pulse
0%
b) Breathing
0%
c) O2 intake and CO2
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
During rest pulse, breathing, O2 intake and CO2 rate decreases Answer : (d)
Q.6
Match the column [KCET 2001 ]
Column I
Column II
a) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
p) Loop of duodenum
b) Pancreas
q) Stomach
c) Adrenal gland
r) Intestine
d) Gastric gland
s) Kidney
0%
a) a - r; b - p; c - q; d - s
0%
b) a - p; b - r; c - s; d - q
0%
c) a - q; b - s; c - r; d - p
0%
d) a - r; b - p; c - s; d - q
Explanation
An intestinal gland (also crypt of Lieberk端hn and intestinal crypt) is a gland found in the intestinal epithelium lining of the small intestine and large intestine (colon).a - r The pancreatic duct and common bile duct enter the Loop of duodenum, b - p The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. c-s The gastric glands are located in different regions of the stomach. d-q Answer : (d)
Q.7
Lipase hydrolyses .... [ BHU 1992 ]
0%
a) Ester bond
0%
b) Glycosidic bond
0%
c) Peptide bond
0%
d) Hydrogen bond
Explanation
Lipases are water-soluble enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in triacylglycerols Answer : (a)
Q.8
Which one is the correct match? [ DPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Calcium - Beri-beri
0%
b) Na - Addison's disease
0%
c) Iron - Haemophilia
0%
d) P - Bone fragility
Explanation
Bone mineral consists of calcium phosphate, and phosphorus is as important as calcium in supporting bone augmentation and maintenance. Answer : (d)
Q.9
What should be taken to offset deficiency of rhodopsin? [ CBSE 2000 ]
0%
a) papaya and mango
0%
b) Orange and Amla
0%
c) Water melon and Strawberry
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Rhodopsin (also known as visual purple) is a light-sensitive receptor protein involved in visual phototransduction. Vitamin A is essential for synthesis of Rhodopsin. Oranges are a good source of B vitamins including vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, and folate as well as vitamin A, calcium, copper, and potassium. Answer : (d)
Q.10
Maximum number of enzymes occur in ..[ CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Omnivores
0%
b) Herbivores
0%
c) Carnivores
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Omnivores eat both plant as well as animal based diet. Hence, a greater variety of digestive enzymes are expected in their alimentary canal, which can digest both plant and animal based food. Answer: (a)
Q.11
Vitamin K is required for ..[BHU2001 ]
0%
a) Muscle control
0%
b) Appetite
0%
c) Protecting liver from fat accumulation
0%
d) All of the above
Explanation
Vitamin K deficiency can also cause appetite loss, as well as bone loss, lethargy, easy bruising and slowed growth Answer : (b)
Q.12
Meissner's plexus and Auerbach's plexus of gastrointestinal tract occur respectively in... [ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Submucosa and mucosa
0%
b) Mucosa and muscularis externa
0%
c) Submucosa and muscularis externa
0%
d) Lamina propia and muscularis mucosa
Explanation
Meissner's plexus (submucous plexus) lies in the submucosa of the intestinal wall Auerbach's plexus is a collection of autonomic nerve fibers and cells that are mainly found in the muscle tissues of the human intestine. Auerbach's plexus is situated between the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscular coat, which is sometimes referred to as the muscularis propria or the muscularis externa. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by ...[ CBSE 2005 ]
0%
a) Stomach
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Ileum
Explanation
Cholecystokinin a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, Answer : (c)
Q.14
B - vitamins mostly function in ....[MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Hormones
0%
b) Enzymes
0%
c) Coenzymes
0%
d) Digestive substances
Explanation
The B vitamins serve as coenzymes essential for enzymes to form fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Answer : (c)
Q.15
Pantothenic acid occurs in ... [ H.P.PMT 2001 ] Answer : (b)
0%
a) Yeast
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Pulses
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 found in liver Answer : (b)
Q.16
Secretion of gastric juice is stopped by ..[CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Pancreazymin
0%
c) Cholecystokinin
0%
d) Enterogastrones
Explanation
through the stimulation of the secretion of the hormone histamine from enterochromaffine-like cells (ECL). Vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin all inhibit production. Enterogastrone examples are secretin, cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide through the stimulation of the secretion of the hormone histamine from enterochromaffine-like cells (ECL). Vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin all inhibit production. Enterogastrone examples are secretin, cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide Answer : (d)
Q.17
Common passage for bile and pancreatic juice is ... [ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Duct of Wirsung
0%
> b) Duct of Satorini
0%
c) Ductus choleductus
0%
d) Ampulla of vater
Explanation
The ampulla of Vater, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla or the hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct. Answer : (d)
Q.18
Average kilocalories needed by a woman is ...[ Odisha 2005 ]
0%
a) Less than man
0%
b) More than man
0%
c) Equal to man
0%
d) Cannot be predicted
Explanation
An average woman needs to eat about 2000 calories per day to maintain, and 1500 calories to lose one pound of weight per week. An average man needs 2500 calories to maintain, and 2000 to lose one pound of weight per week. However, this depends on numerous factors Answer : (a)
Q.19
Gall bladder is stimulated to pour bile by ... [CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Secretin
0%
b) Enterogastrone
0%
c) Eterokinase
0%
d) Cholecystokinin
Explanation
Cholecystokinina hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Answer : (d)
Q.20
Beri-beri is caused by the deficiency of vitamin .. [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) B1
0%
b) B2
0%
c) B6
0%
d) B12
Explanation
Beriberi is caused by deficiency of thiamine, also called aneurin and vitamin B1. Answer : (a)
Q.21
pH suitable for ptyalin action is ...[ AFMC 1996 ]
0%
a) 6.8
0%
b) 7.8
0%
c) 3.2
0%
d) 9.3
Explanation
Digestive enzymes except pepsins have their activity optima at a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. Answer : (a)
Q.22
A steroid vitamin is .. [ Bih. PMT 1996 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B
0%
c) C
0%
d) D
Explanation
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone precursor that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream. Answer : (d)
Q.23
Bile is formed in ..[ CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Gall bladder
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Spleen
0%
d) Blood
Explanation
Bile is formed in Liver Answer : (b)
Q.24
Beri-Beri, Scurvy and Rickets are respectively caused by ...[CPMT 1993]
0%
a) B, D and C
0%
b) B,C and D
0%
c) D, B and A
0%
d) A, D and C
Explanation
Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B-1 deficiency, also known as thiamine deficiency. Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Rickets is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate Answer : (b)
Q.25
Water is largely absorbed in ...[ CPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Stomach
0%
b) Oesophagus
0%
c) Small intestine
0%
d) Colon
Explanation
colon, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract(The colon is also called the large intestine) and of the digestive system in vertebrates. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation. Answer : (d)
Q.26
Which is not the function of vitamins [ AFMC 2001 ]
0%
a) Metabolism
0%
b) Digestion
0%
c) Growth
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
different vitamins helps maintain health: Water-soluble vitamins Release energy. Several B vitamins are key components of certain coenzymes (molecules that aid enzymes) that help release energy from food. Produce energy. Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and biotin engage in energy production. Build proteins and cells. Vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid metabolize amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and help cells multiply. Make collagen. One of many roles played by vitamin C is to help make collagen, which knits together wounds, supports blood vessel walls, and forms a base for teeth and bones. Fat-soluble vitamins Build bones. Bone formation would be impossible without vitamins A, D, and K. Protect vision. Vitamin A also helps keep cells healthy and protects your vision. Interact favorably. Without vitamin E, your body would have difficulty absorbing and storing vitamin A. Protect the body. Vitamin E also acts as an antioxidant (a compound that helps protect the body against damage from unstable molecules). Answer : (b)
Q.27
Calorific value of carbohydrates, proteins and fats are respectively ... [ DPMT 2005 ]
0%
a) 4.0, 5.6, 9.0
0%
b) 4.9, 4.3, 7.3
0%
c) 9.0, 5.6, 4.0
0%
d) 7.3, 4.3, 4.9
Explanation
Standard caloric values for macronutrients are: Carbohydrates: 4.1 kcal/g Protein: 5.6 kcal/g (but in the body is only 4.1 kcal/g due to incomplete oxidation) Fat: 9.3 kcal/g Ethanol: 7 kcal/g Answer : (a)
Q.28
Vitamin required for development of erythrocytes is ....[AFMC 2000 ]
0%
a) D
0%
b) B12
0%
c) E
0%
d) K
Explanation
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) and Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) essential for the maturation of red blood cells Answer : (b)
Q.29
In humans, digestion is ... [ BHU 2002 ]
0%
a) Intercellular
0%
b) Intracellular
0%
c) Extracellular
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food. The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food into molecules small enough to be taken up by passive diffusion, transport or phagocytosis. Answer : (c)
Q.30
Vitamin B2 is involved in formation of coenzyme ...[DPMT 2005 ]
0%
a) NAD, NADP
0%
b) FMN, FAD
0%
c) NAD, FAD
0%
d) NADP, FMN
Explanation
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is part of the vitamin B group. It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN Answer : (b)
Q.31
Khapra beetle larvae were raised on nasal diet to which was added increasing amount of cholesterol. The result is shown in the accompanying graph. It indicates... [AIIMS 2005 ]
0%
a) Cholesterol concentration of 2 µg/g diet is optium
0%
b) Growth of beetles is inhibited when concentration exceeds 5µg/g diet
0%
c) Growth of beetles is directly proportonal to cholesterol concentration
0%
d) Cholesterol is an essential dietary requirement of Khapra Beetle
Explanation
The graph indicates that cholesterol is an essential dietary requirement of khapra beetle because weight of insect larva increases with the increase in amount of cholesterol and weight becomes static at 4µ g cholesterol/g basal diet. If the growth rate would have been directly proportional to the cholesterol concentration then the graph would have been straight line. Answer : (d)
Q.32
Protein/enzyme is absent in ...[MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Saliva
0%
b) Bile
0%
c) Pancreatic juice
0%
d) Intestinal juice
Explanation
The composition of gallbladder bile is 97% water, bile salts, bilirubin, fats (cholesterol, fatty acids and lecithin) and 200 mEq/L inorganic salts. It don’t have any protein/enzymes Answer : (b)
Q.33
Vitamin C is useful in ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Wound healing
0%
b) Formation of visual pigments
0%
c) Growth of bones
0%
d) treating pernicious anaemia
Explanation
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is required for the synthesis of collagen (main component of connective tissue). It is also a highly effective antioxidant protecting cells from damage by free radicals. Vitamin C help speed the healing process of wounds. Answer : (a)
Q.34
Animals do not synthesise .... [ JKCMEE 2000 ]
0%
a) Proteins
0%
b) Vitamins
0%
c) Glycogen
0%
d) Phospholipids
Explanation
Most vitamins are obtained with food, but a few are obtained by other means. For example, microorganisms in the intestine — commonly known as "gut flora" — produce vitamin K and biotin, while one form of vitamin D is synthesized in the skin with the help of the natural ultraviolet wavelength of sunlight. Answer : (b)
Q.35
Submucosa is the thickest in ....[MPPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Rectum
0%
b) Intestine
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Oesophagus
Explanation
Oesophagusthe part of the alimentary canal which connects the throat to the stomach. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.The oesophagus is 25 cm long, narrow muscular straight tube lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing mucous glands Answer : (d)
Q.36
Cud chewing animals are ...[AFMC 2005 ]
0%
a) Sanuivorous
0%
b) Ruminants
0%
c) Frugivores
0%
d) Cannibals
Explanation
Cud is a portion of food that returns from a ruminant's stomach to the mouth to be chewed for the second time. More accurately, it is a bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant. Cud is produced during the physical digestive process of rumination. Answer : (b)
Q.37
Which is the main negative mineral ion in extracellular fluid? [ Guj CET 2006 ])
0%
a) SO42-
0%
b) Cl-
0%
c) NO3-
0%
d) OH-
Explanation
Main anions: Chloride (Cl-) Bicarbonate (HCO3-) Phosphate (HPO42-) Main cations: Sodium (Na+) Potassium (K+) Calcium (Ca2+) Answer : (b)
Q.38
Folic acid and pantothenic acid are vitamins belonging to group ....{CBSE 1999 ]
0%
a) K
0%
b) A
0%
c) B-Complex
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Dietary supplements containing all eight vitamin are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Folic acid is vitamin B and pantothenic acid is vitamin B5 Answer : (c)
Q.39
Falciform ligament connects...[ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Stomach and liver
0%
b) Stomach and diaphragm
0%
c) Liver with diaphragm
0%
d) Lungs with diaphragm
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.40
Largest gland in human body is ..[BHU 2006]
0%
a) Liver
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Pituitary
0%
d) Thyroid
Explanation
Liver is the largest gland in human body. It is also the largest (internal) organ in our body and can weigh up to 1.5-1.6 kg for a human adult. That is, about 1/50th of the body weight is because of liver Answer : (a)
Q.41
Prolonged thiamine deficiency in diet leads to ... [ AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) Loss to muscle tone and damage to nerves
0%
b) pellagra
0%
c) Haemorrhage
0%
d) Anaemia
Explanation
Prolonged thiamine deficiency in diet leads dry beriberi mainly affects nerves and has symptoms that include weakness (loss of strength) and paralysis. Answer : (a)
Q.42
In case of taking food rich in lime juice, the action of ptyalin on starch is .... [ AIIMS 2000 ]
0%
a) Enhanced
0%
b) Reduced
0%
c) Unaffected
0%
d) Stopped
Explanation
Digestive enzymes except pepsins have their activity optima at a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. Food rich in lime juice has lower pH Answer : (b)
Q.43
The amount of bile released is in proportion to the amount of ...[CPMT 2004 ]
0%
a) Fat in meal
0%
b) carbohydrate in meal
0%
c) Protein in meal
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Meals differing in either the type or the amount of fat, protein or carbohydrates may be effective in stimulating Cholecystokinin (CCK) release and biliary secretion to varying degrees. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Structure present in man but absent in frog ... [ AFMC 2001]
0%
a) Salivary glands
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Adrenal glands
0%
d) Thyroid gland
Explanation
Frog is insectivorous (insects eating). The prey is captured by the action if tongue and swallowed without mastication. The food becomes lubricated by mucous secreted by mucin gland. (Salivary gland is absent). Answer : (a)
Q.45
Which is mismatched? [ CBSE 1999 ]
0%
a) Vitamin K - Beri-beri
0%
b) Vitamin C - Scurvy
0%
c) Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia
0%
d) Vitamin D - Rickets
Explanation
Vitamin K plays a key role in blood clotting, deficiency causes Haemorrhagic diseases of new born Answer : (a)
Q.46
Identify enzymes a, b, c and d in digestion of carbohydrates ...[KCET 2006 ]
0%
a) a - amylase; b- invertase; c- maltase; d - lactase
0%
b) a - amylase; b- lactase; c- maltase; d - invertase
0%
c) a - amylase; b- maltase; c - lactase ; d- invertase;
0%
d) a - amylase; b- maltase; c- invertase; d - lactase
Explanation
By acting at random locations along the starch chain, α-amylase breaks down long-chain carbohydrates, ultimately yielding maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "limit dextrin" from amylopectin. Thus “a” must be amylase. Lactase's primary function is to break down a type of sugar called lactose into two smaller particles called glucose and galactose.. Thus “b” must be lactase. Maltase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to the simple sugar glucose. Thus “c” must be maltase. Invertase is a carbohydrate-digesting enzyme that splits sucrose (common table sugar) into its component parts, glucose and fructose. Thus “d” must be Invertase Answer : (b)
Q.47
Prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid produces ... [BHU 1997 ]
0%
a) Osteomalacia
0%
b) Xerophthalmia
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Anaemia
Explanation
Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is an organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra Answer : (c)
Q.48
Some symbiotic microorganism occur in human body in ...[CBSE mains 2012 ]
0%
a) Vermiform appendix and rectum
0%
b) caecum
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Oral lining and tongue surface
Explanation
The caecum is a pouch-like portion near the end of the large intestine in humans and many animals. Its chief role in most animals is to provide bacteria that can help the body break down plant-based food Answer : (b)
Q.49
Lysozymes are found in .... [ MPPMT 2004 ]
0%
a) Saliva
0%
b) Tears
0%
c) Both saliva and tears
0%
d) Mitochondria
Explanation
Lysozyme is abundant in secretions including tears, saliva, human milk, and mucus Answer : (c)
Q.50
Vermiform appendix is part of ...[MPPMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Reproductive system
0%
b) Alimentary canal
0%
c) Vascular system
0%
d) Nervous system
Explanation
vermiform appendix, a vestigial hollow tube that is closed at one end and is attached at the other end to the cecum, a pouchlike beginning of the large intestine into which the small intestine empties its contents. Answer : (b)
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