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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 15
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Q.1
Which one is both exocrine and endocrine? [RMPT 2006 ]
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a) Liver
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b) Pineal
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c) Adrenal
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d) Pancreas
Explanation
Exocrine- pancreatic acini form the exocrine part. Their function us to make digestive enzymes. Endocrine- islets of Langerhans function as endocrine. They make hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Answer : (d)
Q.2
Antisterility vitamin is ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
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a) Vitamin E
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b) Vitamin D
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c) Vitamin A
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d) Vitamin B12
Explanation
Vitamin E is called the anti sterility vitamin. It is so called because of its property of boosting sexual health in men & women. Answer : (a)
Q.3
Diastema is toothless area between ... [ Manipal 1995 ]
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a) Right and left incisors
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b) Incisors and molars
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c) Premolars and molars
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d) Behind molars
Explanation
A "diastema" (plural "diastemata") is a space or gap between two teeth. Many species of mammals have diastemata as a normal feature, most commonly between the incisors and molars Note: In humans, the term is most commonly applied to an open space between the upper incisors (front teeth) Answer : (b)
Q.4
High cholesterol patients are advised to use [ CBSE 1996 ]
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a) Ghee, butter and oil
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b) Groudnut oil, margarine and vegetable oil
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c) Ghee, cheese and dalda
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d) Fatty oils and butter
Explanation
From a dietary perspective, plant cells do not manufacture cholesterol processed butter that may contain trans-fat and also a lot of sodium that raises your blood pressure and cholesterol levels Fatty oils are fixed oils because they do not evaporate or become volatile. They cannot be distilled without being decomposed. Chemically fatty oils are close to animal fats. Answer : (b)
Q.5
Mark the deficiency disease [DPMT 1996 ]
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a) Leukemia
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b) Addison's disease
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c) Scurvy
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d) Acromegaly
Explanation
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C Answer : (c)
Q.6
During prolonged fasting ... [AFMC 1994 ]
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a) First fats are used up, followed by carbohydrates from liver and muscles and proteins in the end
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b) First carbohydrates are used up, followed by fat and proteins towards end
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c) First lipids, followed by proteins and carbohydrates towards end.
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d) None of the above
Explanation
During prolonged fasting first carbohydrates are used up, followed by fat and proteins towards end Answer : (b)
Q.7
Bile salt take part in ... [ AMU 2000 ]
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a) Digestion of carbohydrates
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b) Breakdown of proteins
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c) Emulsification of fat
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d) Absorption of glycerol
Explanation
Bile salt take part in emulsification of fat Answer : (c)
Q.8
Balanced diet should have ... [ AFMC 1994 ]
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a) Protein 1/5, fat 3/5, carbohydrate 1/5
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b) Protein 3/5, fat 1/5, carbohydrate 1/5
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c) Protein 1/2, fat 1/4, carbohydrate 1/4
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d) Protein 1/5, fat 1/5, carbohydrate 3/5
Explanation
if you get 2,000 calories a day, between 900 and 1,300 calories should be from carbohydrates. That translates to between 225 and 325 grams of carbohydrates a day. about 60-65% or 3/5 About 12 to 20 percent of your total daily calories should come from protein. or 1/5 About 12 to 20 percent of your total daily calories should come from fat. or 1/5 Answer : (d)
Q.9
Which one is body building material ...[MPPMT 1994 ]
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a) Mineral matter
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b) Fat
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c) Protein
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d) Sugar
Explanation
When we eat protein, our body breaks these large molecules down into smaller units called amino acids. These building blocks are used for many important functions in the body, including growth and repair of muscle, connective tissue and skin. Answer : (c)
Q.10
Which one is unrelated? [ RPMT 1996 ]
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a) Ca - muscle contraction
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b) I - thyroid
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c) Co - energy liberation
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d) Cl - Nerve conduction
Explanation
Na is related to nerve conduction not Cl Answer : (d)
Q.11
Vitamin A is produced from carotene in ..[CPMT 1994 ]
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a) Blood
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b) Skin
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c) Stomach
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d) Liver
Explanation
Vitamin A is structurally related to β-carotene. Beta carotene, a hydrocarbon, is one of a family of dark pigments called provitamin A β-Carotene is converted into vitamin A in the liver. Answer : (d)
Q.12
Which one does not belong to vitamin b group ..[MPPMT 2002 ]
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a) Riboflavin
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b) Nicotinic acid
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c) Tocopherol
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d) Cyanocobalamine
Explanation
Tocopherols are a class of organic chemical compounds, many of which have vitamin E Riboflavin - Vitamin B2 Nicotinic acid – Vitamin B3 Cyanocobalamine – Vitamin B12 Answer : (c)
Q.13
Part of alimentary canal thrown up into transverse folds is .... [ AMU 2000 ]
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a) Rectum
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b) Oesophagus
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c) Stomach
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d) Intestine
Explanation
There are certain permanent transverse folds, of a semilunar shape, known as the transverse folds of rectum (Houston's valves). The transverse folds of rectum (or Houston's valves) are semi-lunar transverse folds of the rectal wall that protrude into the rectum, not the anal canal as that lies below the rectum. Answer : (d)
Q.14
Which one is correctly matched ...[CBSE 2001]
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a) Vitamin E - Tocopherol
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b) Vitamin D - Riboflavin
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c) Vitamin B - Calciferol
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d) Vitamin A - Thiamine
Explanation
Vitamin E is Tocopherol Calciferol – Vitamin D Thiamine – Vitamin B1 Answer : (a)
Q.15
Intestinal villi are mainly connected with ... [ BHU 1996 ]
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a) Assimilation
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b) Absorption
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c) Secretion
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d) Ultra-filtration
Explanation
R-OH + X- → R-X + OH- Answer : (b)
Q.16
Curdling of milk in small intestine would occur with the help of ...[ AIIMS 2002 ] Answer : (d)
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a) Rennin
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b) Erypsin
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c) Trypsin
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d) Chymotrypsin
Explanation
In babies curdling of milk occurs in stomach due to the presence of enzyme renin In adults curdling occurs in small intestine by chymotrypsin enzyme which coagulate milk protein casein into curd. Answer : (d)
Q.17
Number of liver lobes in ..[RPMT 2002 ]
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a) 4
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b) 5
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c) 6
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d) 7
Explanation
The liver consists of 4 distinct lobes — the left, right, caudate, and quadrate lobes. The left and right lobes are the largest lobes and are separated by the falciform ligament. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat due to presence of ...[Manipal 2005 ]
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a) Bile salts
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b) Bile pigments
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c) Enzymes
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d) HCl
Explanation
Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat due to presence of bile salts Answer : (a)
Q.19
Bleeding gums/softening of bones/scurvy are caused by deficiency of ... [JKMCEE 1994 ]
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a) A
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b) B
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c) C
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d) D
Explanation
Bleeding gums/softening of bones/scurvy are caused by deficiency of Vitamin C Answer : (c)
Q.20
Deficiency of vitamin A causes ... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
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a) Cataract
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b) Myopia
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c) Hyperopia
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d) Night blindness
Explanation
Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness Answer : (d)
Q.21
What will happen if bile duct gets chocked? [ DPMT 1996]
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a) Faeces become dry
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b) Acidic chyme will not be neutralised
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c) There will be little digestion in intestine
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d) Little absorption of fat will occur
Explanation
Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat. if bile duct gets chocked bile juice will not available will cause little absorption of fat Answer : (d)
Q.22
Similar cone shape teeth are ...[ kerala 2002 ]
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a) Diphyodont
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b) Acrodont
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c) Homodont
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d) Thecodont
Explanation
Homodont Describing animals whose teeth are all of the same type. Most vertebrates except mammals are homodont.Similar cone shape teeth is Homodont Answer : (c)
Q.23
Human being is hungry when ..[CPMT 1994 ]
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a) Food cannot meet energy requirement
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b) Stomach is empty
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c) Food can not meet energy requirement of the body
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d) Food has been digested
Explanation
After hours of non-consumption, leptin levels drop significantly. These low levels of leptin cause the release of a secondary hormone, ghrelin, which in turn reinitiates the feeling of hunger. Leptin , the "satiety hormone",is a hormone made by adipose cells that helps to regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger. Answer : (b)
Q.24
Which set is not similar ... [ CBSE 2001 ]
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a) Sebum - Sweat
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b) Corpus luteum - Graafian follicles
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c) Vitamin B7 - Niacin
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d) Bundle of His - Pace Maker
Explanation
Biotin is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that helps the body metabolize proteins and process glucose. It is also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H His bundle pacing is an innovative approach in which permanent pacemaker leads are placed at the Bundle of His (or His bundle) instead of in the right ventricle (the traditional approach). Answer : (c)
Q.25
Digestive juice contains catalytic agent called .... [ Pb PMT 2000 ]
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a) Vitamins
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b) Hormones
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c) Enzymes
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d) Nitrates
Explanation
Digestive juice contains catalytic agents called Enzymes. Answer : (c)
Q.26
Energy value of 9.3 kcal/gm is that of ...[ JIPMER 2002 ]
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a) Carbohydrates
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b) Fat
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c) Protein
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d) Vitamins
Explanation
4 Kcalories in a gram of carbohydrate or protein 9 Kcalories in a gram of fat Answer : (b)
Q.27
Gallbladder takes part in ...[ RPMT 2002 ]
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a) Secretion of bile
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b) Storage of bile
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c) Formation of bile salt
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d) Formation of enzymes
Explanation
Its primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a yellow-brown digestive enzyme produced by the liver. Answer : (b)
Q.28
Oxyntic cells are located in ... [ Manipur 2006 ]
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a) Islets of Langerhans and secrete insulin
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b) Kidney and secrete renin
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c) Gastric epithelium and secrete HCl
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d) Gastric epithelium and secrete pepsin
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.29
An average person doing moderate work requires daily an energy .. [ CBSE 1999 ]
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a) 75 kcal
0%
b) 1000 kcal
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c) 2000 kcal
0%
d) 2800 kcal
Explanation
An average person doing moderate work requires daily an energy 2800 kcal Answer : (d)
Q.30
Osteomalacia is due to deficiency of ... [ BHU 2007 ]
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a) Vit.D/Calciferol
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b) Vit. K
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c) Vit. A
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d) Vit. E
Explanation
Osteomalacia is the softening of the bones caused by impaired bone metabolism primarily due to inadequate levels of available phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D. Answer : (a)
Q.31
Peristalsis occurs in ...[Odisha 2012 ]
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a) Urethra
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b) Ureter
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c) Blood vessels
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d) Alimentary canal
Explanation
The process of peristalsis begins in the esophagus when a bolus of food is swallowed Answer : (d)
Q.32
In small intestine, active absorption occurs in case of ....[ AMU 2001 ]
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a) Glucose
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b) Amino acid
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c) Na+
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d) All the above
Explanation
Types of Absorption in Small Intestine 1. Passive diffusion - Nutrients pass through enterocytes and into bloodstream w/o carrier protein or energy – lipids, water, vitamin C, minerals 2. Facilitated diffusion - Nutrients pass through enterocytes with help of a carrier protein but don’t require energy – monosaccharide fructose 3. Active transport - Requires the use of energy to transport nutrients in combination with a carrier protein – glucose, galactose, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, amino acids 4. Endocytosis - A form of active transport by which a small amount of the intestinal contents is engulfed by the enterocyte’s cell membrane and incorporated into the cell – some proteins and other large particles Answer : (d)
Q.33
Part of tongue that gives feeling of sweetness is ...[ Har. PMT 2001 ]
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a) Tip
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b) Lateral edges
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c) Middle part
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d) Posterior part
Explanation
Part of tongue that gives feeling of sweetness is tip Answer : (a)
Q.34
Saliva is produced by .... [MPPMT 1998]
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a) Pancreas
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b) Gall bladder
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c) Gastric glands
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d) Submaxillary and sublingual gland
Explanation
Submaxillary a salivary gland inside the lower jaw on either side that produces most of the nocturnal saliva; discharges saliva into the mouth under the tongue. The paired sublingual glands are major salivary glands in the mouth. Answer : (d)
Q.35
Bile acid are ...[Pb. PMT 2000 ]
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a) Steroids
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b) Cabohydrates
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c) Modified proteins
0%
d) Vitamins
Explanation
A steroid is an organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. Answer : (a)
Q.36
Which one of the following is not secreted by pancreas ...
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a) Insulin
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b) Glucagon
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c) Renin
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d) Somatostatin
Explanation
Pancreas secrets hormones, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. The pancreas is also a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Renin is secreted from juxtaglomerular kidney cells Answer : (c)
Q.37
Which of the following vitamins are produced by symbiotic bacteria in humans? [ CET Chd. 2006 ]
0%
a) Vitamins B and K
0%
b) Vitamins A and B
0%
c) Vitamin E
0%
d) Vitamin D
Explanation
In digestive systems, symbiotic bacteria help break down foods that contain fiber. They also help produce vitamins. Symbiotic bacteria in humans produce is Vitamins B and K Answer : (a)
Q.38
Liver produces .... [ RPMT 1996 ]
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a) Bile
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b) Cholesterol
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c) Iron
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d) All the above
Explanation
The liver is an accessory digestive organ that produces bile, a fluid containing cholesterol and bile acids, and an alkaline compound which helps the breakdown of fat. The liver's stores of ferritin are the primary physiologic source of reserve iron in the body Answer : (d)
Q.39
Main function of HCl of gastric juice is ...[Odisha 2012 ]
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a) Detoxification
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b) Conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin
0%
c) Emulsification of fat
0%
d) Hydrolysis of starch
Explanation
Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino acids, a process known as proteolysis. Answer : (b)
Q.40
Yellow colour of faeces is on account of ...[ Odisha 2006 ]
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a) Excessive turmeric
0%
b) Bile
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c) Degradation product of haemoglobin
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d) None of above
Explanation
Bilirubin and bile give faeces its normal brown color. Bilirubin is a byproduct of red blood cells. It’s produced in the liver and then moves to the gallbladder, where it mixes with bile. Answer : (c)
Q.41
Rickets is due to deficiency of vitamin ... [ CET Chd. 2006 ]
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a) D
0%
b) C
0%
c) B
0%
d) A
Explanation
Rickets is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. Answer : (a)
Q.42
Hormone that causes glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis is .... [ Uttarakhnd 2001 ]
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a) Insulin
0%
b) Glucagon
0%
c) Aldosterone
0%
d) ACTH
Explanation
Glucagon generally elevates the concentration of glucose in the blood by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Glucagon also regulates the rate of glucose production through lipolysis. Glucagon induces lipolysis in humans under conditions of insulin suppression Answer : (b)
Q.43
Number of canines in upper half jaw is ....[Har PMT 2001 ]
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a) 4
0%
b) 3
0%
c) 2
0%
d) 1
Explanation
Normally, every adult has two canine teeth in each upper and lower jaw Note :Upper Half meaning is the upper area or section of a person or things Answer : (c)
Q.44
Cellulose digestion in ruminants occurs in ....[Har. PMT 2002 ]
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a) Rumen
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b) Omasum
0%
c) Abomasum
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d) Reticulum
Explanation
The rumen, also known as a paunch, forms the larger part of the reticulorumen, which is the first chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals. It serves as the primary site for microbial fermentation of ingested feed,than can break down cellulose (foregut fermentation). Answer : (a)
Q.45
Hydrolysis of lipids produces ... [ RPMT 2002 ]
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a) Glycerin and glycerol
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b) Fatty acids and trihydric alcohol
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c) Glycine
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d) All the above
Explanation
Hydrolysis of the lipid results in breaking the fatty acids off, leaving free fatty acids and a glycerol molecule, and using up three water molecules. Answer : (b)
Q.46
Amino acid not synthesised in human body is ....[CPMT 1996 ]
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a) Nonessential
0%
b) Deaminated
0%
c) Aminated
0%
d) Essential
Explanation
An essential amino acid, or indispensable amino acid, is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized de novo (from scratch) by the organism, and thus must be supplied in its diet. Answer : (d)
Q.47
Base of tongue is sensitive to test ... [ Manipal 2000 ]
0%
a) Salt
0%
b) Sweet
0%
c) Bitter
0%
d) Sour
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.48
Substrate for lipase is ...[WB 2012 ]
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a) Fat
0%
b) Protein
0%
c) Carbohydrate
0%
d) Nucleic acid
Explanation
Substrates of lipase are fats. They are split into fatty acids and glycerol. Answer : (a)
Q.49
Putrefying bacteria are found in ...[BHU 2006 ]
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a) Intestine
0%
b) Stomach
0%
c) Liver
0%
d) Colon
Explanation
Putrefying bacteria are bacteria involved in putrefaction of living matter Degradation of undigested protein in the colon is called putrefaction; Answer : (d)
Q.50
Consider the following statements: I. Nicotinamide ( anti pellagra ) occurs in milk, yeast, meat and lify vegetables. II. Crypts of Lieberkuhn occur in liver. III. Steapsin is pancreatic amylase ......[ kerala 2007 ]
0%
a) II and III are correct
0%
b) II and III are incorrect
0%
c) I and III are correct
0%
d) I and III are incorrect
Explanation
Crypts of Lieberkühn are intestinal glands Steapsin is a pancreatic lipase that aids the digestion of fats Answer : (b)
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