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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 18
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Q.1
Mucosal layer of stomach has irregular folds known as ...[kerala 2011 ]
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a) Villi
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b) Rugae
0%
c) lacteals
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d) Lumen
Explanation
The inner layer of the stomach is full of wrinkles known as rugae (or gastric folds). Rugae both allow the stomach to stretch in order to accommodate large meals and help to grip and move food during digestion. Answer : (b)
Q.2
Diastema is associated with ...[har PMT2007 ]
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a) Organ of corti
0%
b) Absence of certain teeth
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c) Retinal cells
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d) Presence of teeth
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.3
In which animal both intracellular and intercellular digestion occurs [ Guj CET 2010 ]
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a) Hydra
0%
b) Earthworm
0%
c) Nematode
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d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.4
Thin limb, oedema and diarrhoea develop due to protein deficiency in ...[Kerala 2000 ]
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a) Marasmus
0%
b) Kwashiorkor
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Xerophthalmia
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.5
Blood of an anaemic patient has large immature nucleated erythrocytes without haemoglobin. His diet should be supplemented with ...[AFMC 2008]
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a) Folic acid and cobalamin
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b) Thiamine
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c) Iron compounds
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d) Riboflavin
Explanation
Taking iron supplement pills and getting enough iron in food correct most cases of iron deficiency anemia. The most common cause is deficiency of iron which is an essential element of haemoglobin molecule. Deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamine) and folate can result in megaloblastic anaemia. This type of anaemina may be accompanied with ineffective erythropoiesis. Neurological abnormalities are peculiar symptom of the disease. The vitamins are intertwined biochemically so that the final common pathway that impairs DNA synthesis in hematopoietic cells. Megaloblastic anemia is an anemia (of macrocytic classification) that results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production Answer : (c)
Q.6
Daily energy requirement for a moderately active man would be ... [ Manipal 2002 ]
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a) 3.14 kcal
0%
b) 31.6 kcal
0%
c) 3160 kcal
0%
d) 31600 kcal
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.7
Which of the following has minimum pH... [ AIIMS 2002 ]
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a) Bile
0%
b) Pancreatic juice
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c) Saliva
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d) Gastric juice
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.8
Trypsinogen is produced by .... [ BHU 1999 ]
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a) Liver
0%
b) Duodenum
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Pancreas
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.9
Which pair is essential for growth of fish? [BHU 2005 ]
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a) Nitrates and sulphates
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b) Sulphates and carbonates
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c) Phosphates and carbonates
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d) Calcium and phosphorus
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.10
Match the columns and pick the correct options
Column I
Column II
a) Glycogenesis
p) Conversion glycogen to glucose
b) Glycosuria
q) formation of glycogen from sugar.
c) Gluconeogenesis
r) Passage of glucose in urine
d) Glycogenolysis
s)generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate
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a) a - p, b - q, c - r, d - s
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b) a - q, b - r, c - s, d - p
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c) a - p, b - p, c - r, d - s
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d) a - p, b - t, c - q, d - s
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.11
As breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories, infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from ...[ CBSE 2009 ]
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a) Rickets
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b) Marasmus
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c) Kwashiorkor
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d) Pellagra
Explanation
Marasmus occurs in children that don't ingest enough protein, calories, carbohydrates, and other important nutrients. Answer : (b)
Q.12
What is common among amylase, renin and trypsin? CBSE 1997 ]
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a) All proteins
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b) Proteolytic enzymes
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c) Produced in stomach
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d) Act at pH lower than 7
Explanation
amylase, renin and trypsin all are protein Answer : (a)
Q.13
Optimum pH for enzyme trypsin is .... [ Kerala 2000 ]
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a) 5.9
0%
b) 4.6
0%
c) 8.5
0%
d) 7.0
Explanation
Pepsin works in the highly acidic conditions of the stomach. It has an optimum pH of about 1.5. On the other hand, trypsin works in the small intestine, parts of which have a pH of around 7.5. Trypsin's optimum pH is about 8. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Boa's point is associated with ..[ AMU 2002 ]
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a) Liver cirrhosis
0%
b) Tuberculosis
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c) Nephritis
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d) Gastric ulcer
Explanation
Boas' point is an area of tenderness to palpation to the left of the 12th thoracic vertebra found in some patients with gastric ulcer. Answer : (d)
Q.15
HCl of gastric juice .. [ KCET 2002 ]
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a) Inactivates ptyalin and activate pepsin
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b) Activate ptyalin and inactivate pepsin
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c) inactivates both ptyalin and pepsin
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d) Activates both ptyalin and pepsin
Explanation
The parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl), which lowers the pH of the gastric juice (water + enzymes + acid). The HCl inactivates salivary amylase (ptyalin) and catalyzes the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin. Answer : (a)
Q.16
Gastrin is secreted by ... [WB 2011 ]
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a) Intestine
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b) Stomach
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c) Pancreas
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d) Rectum
Explanation
Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Valves of Kerckring occur in ...[ Manipal 2002 ]
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a) Between right auricle and right ventricle
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b) Left auricle and left ventricle
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c) Stomach and duodenum
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d) Intestine
Explanation
The circular folds (valves of Kerckring) (also, plicae circulares / valvulae conniventes) are large valvular flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine. Answer : (d)
Q.18
Chyme of a person who has consumed only starch will show the presence of ..[KCET 2002 ]
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a) Maltose and glucose
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b) Dextron and maltose
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c) Starch, dextrin and maltose
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d) Starch, dextrin and glucose
Explanation
Chyme, a thick semifluid mass of partially digested food and digestive secretions that is formed in the stomach and intestine during digestion. Starch will be fully digested thus will have only Dextron and maltose. There is no maltase, sucrase or lactase enzyme so starch or glycogen do not convert into glucose. Answer : (b)
Q.19
Enterokinase is .... [ BHU 1997 ]
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a) Pancreatic hormone
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b) Intestinal hormone
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c) Pancreatic enzyme
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d) Component of intestinal juice
Explanation
enterokinase (also called enteropeptidase) is an enzyme produced by cells of the duodenum and involved in human and animal digestion. It is a component of intestinal juce Answer : (d)
Q.20
Pepsinogen is activated by ...[ Odisha 1997 ]
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a) Chymotrypsin
0%
b) Trypsin
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c) HCl
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d) Pepsin
Explanation
Pepsinogen is activated by HCl Pepsin is expressed as a zymogen called pepsinogen, whose primary structure has an additional 44 amino acids. In the stomach, chief cells release pepsinogen. This zymogen is activated by hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is released from parietal cells in the stomach lining. Answer : (c)
Q.21
Which are all proteolytic enzymes ...[Odisha 2010 ]
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a) Ptyalin, trypsin, pepsin
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b) Lipase, erepsin, trypsin
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c) Rennin, trypsin, pepsin
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d) Pepsin, nuclease, nucleotidase
Explanation
Proteolytic enzyme - any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis Papain, Ficain, Bromelain, Pepsin, Chymosin (rennin), Cathepsin, Trypsin,Erepsin are examples of Proteolytic enzyme Answer : (c)
Q.22
on Q361) Weight of human liver is .... [KCET 1999 ]
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a) 6.0 kg
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b) 5.0 kg
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c) 3.0 kg
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d) 1.5 kg
Explanation
A human liver normally weighs approximately 1.5 kg (3.3 lb), and has a width of about 15 cm (6 in). Answer : (d)
Q.23
A pancreatic secretion is ...[Odisha 2012 ]
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a) α-Dextrin
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b) Pepsin
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c) Amylase
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d) Dipeptidase
Explanation
alpha-amylase called ptyalin is produced by the salivary glands Pancreatic amylase is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Pungent odour of faeces is due to ... [MPPMT 1997 ]
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a) Indole
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b) Scatole
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c) Phenol and hydrogen sulfide
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d) All the above
Explanation
The distinctive odor of feces is due to bacterial action. Gut flora produces compounds such as indole, skatole, and thiols (sulfur-containing compounds), as well as the inorganic gas hydrogen sulfide. These are the same compounds responsible for the odor of flatulence. Answer : (d)
Q.25
Hormonal induction of succus entericus is due to ... [ RPMT 2000 ]
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a) Secretin
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b) Secretin and cholecystokinin
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c) Insulin
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d) Glucagon
Explanation
Secretin, cholecystokinin and other hormones extracted from small intestine stimulate intestinal secretion mainly CCK (cholecystokinin) and secretin Answer : (b)
Q.26
Gastro-intestinal hormone that stimulates insulin secretion is ....[AMU 2010]
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a) Gastrin
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b) Secretin
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c) GIP
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d) CCK
Explanation
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) is a member of the secretin family of hormones. GIP, along with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), belongs to a class of molecules referred to as incretins. The function of GIP is to induce insulin secretion, which is primarily stimulated by hyperosmolarity of glucose in the duodenum. Answer : (c)
Q.27
Which ones are lophodont .... [ AIIMS 2002 ]
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a)Incisors and canines
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b)Canines and premolars
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c) Premolars and molars
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d) Incisors and premolars
Explanation
lophodont :having or constituting molar teeth with transverse ridges on the grinding surface Answer : (c)
Q.28
Hyperacidity results due to ....
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a) Excess secretion of HCl
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b) Excess eating
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c) Excess secretion of H2SO4
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d) Intake of less water
Explanation
Hyperacidity results due to excess secretion of HCl Answer : (a)
Q.29
Macrophage nutrition occurs is ...[ kerala 2006 ]
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a) Amphioxus
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b) Hydra
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c) Euglena
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d) Paramaecium
Explanation
A macrophage is a type of phagocyte, which is a cell responsible for detecting, engulfing and destroying pathogens and apoptotic cells. Paramecia feed on microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts. Answer : (d)
Q.30
Which one is not a vitamin deficiency disease ...[CPMT 2010 ]
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a) Addison's disease
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b) Keratomalacia
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c) Goiter
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d) Xerophthalmia
Explanation
lack of dietary iodine is the main cause of goiters Answer : (c)
Q.31
Which of the following statement is correct...[CPMT 2010 ]
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a) Argentaffin cells produce serotonin
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b) Villikinin is secreted by large intestine
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c) In cheilosis, deficient nutrient is Nicotinamide
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d) Bleeding disease occurs due to deficiency of vitamin E
Explanation
serotonin diffuses out of the argentaffin cells into the walls of the digestive tract, Statement (a) correct Answer : (a)
Q.32
Alimentary canal of herbivorous animal is ....[ Odisha 2006 ]
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a) Short
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b) Long
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c) Wide
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d) Thin
Explanation
Alimentary canal of herbivorous animal is long because plant matter is difficult to digest because the nutitious parts of the plant are inside the plant cells Answer : (b)
Q.33
Which is absorbed in ileum? [ CPMT 2009 ]
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a) Vitamin K
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b) Bile salt
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c) Fat
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d) Glucose
Explanation
Correct
Q.34
Bicarbonate ions are released in exchange of chloride ions in ileum from ...[Odisha 2002 ]
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a) Villi
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b) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
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c) Brush border cell
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d) Valvulae conniventes /plicae circulares
Explanation
Microvilli are microscopic and can only be seen with a very powerful microscope, also called as Brush border cell The mechanisms responsible for the solute transport across the Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) are secondary to several transport proteins located at the brush border membranes of the small and large intestine. The net fluid movement across the gastrointestinal epithelium is primarily the result of active transport of Na+, Cl−, and HCO3−, among others. Answer : (c)
Q.35
Contraction of gall bladder is induced by .... [ CBSE 1998 ]
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a) Gastrin
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b) Cholecystokinin
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c) Secretin
0%
d) Enterogastrone
Explanation
Cholecystokinin plays a key role in facilitating digestion within the small intestine. It is secreted from mucosal epithelial cells in the first segment of the small intestine (duodenum), and stimulates delivery into the small intestine of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder. Answer : (b)
Q.36
Both intracellular and extracellular digestion occur in .... [ Guj CET 2009 ]
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a) Planaria
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b) Earthworm
0%
c) Paramecium
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
The mouth is located in the center of the underside of the body. Digestive enzymes are secreted from the mouth to begin external digestion. The pharynx connects the mouth to the gastrovascular cavity. This structure branches throughout the body allowing nutrients from food to reach all extremities. Planaria eat living or dead small animals that they suck up with their muscular mouths. Food passes from the mouth through the pharynx into the intestines where it is digested by the cells lining the intestines. Answer : (a)
Q.37
Nonpathogenic bacterium present in large intestine is ...[AFMC 2009 ]
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a) Staphyococcus aureus
0%
b) Escherichia coli
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c) Helicobacter pylori
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d) Leptospira interogans
Explanation
Escherichia coli locates in human large intestines Answer : (b)
Q.38
pH of saliva is ...[Odisha 2006 ]
0%
a) 9.5
0%
b) 8.0
0%
c) 7.0
0%
d) 6.7
Explanation
Saliva has a pH normal range of 6.2-7.6 with 6.7 being the average pH. Answer : (d)
Q.39
End product of protein digestion is ....[Har PMT 2005 ]
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a) Sugar
0%
b) Nucleotide
0%
c) Glucose
0%
d) Amino acid
Explanation
The end product of protein digestion is amino acids. Once consumed, proteins are digested and broken down into amino acids by enzymes. Answer : (d)
Q.40
Identify the correct set produced in the stomach ,pepsin help in digestion casein
0%
a) Ptyalin - intestine - maltose
0%
b) pepsin - stomach wall - casein
0%
c) Chymotrypsin - salivary glands - lactose
0%
d) Ptyalin - pancreas - lipid
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.41
Total number of canines in permanent dental set of human is ..[KCET 2002 ]
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a) 4
0%
b) 6
0%
c) 2
0%
d) 12
Explanation
A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13: • Incisors (8 total): The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws. • Canines (4 total): The pointed teeth just outside the incisors. • Premolars (8 total): Teeth between the canines and molars. • Molars (8 total): Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food. • Wisdom teeth or third molars (4 total): These teeth erupt at around age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth. Answer : (a)
Q.42
Enzyme lactase occurs in .... [ MPPMT 2000 ]
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a) Saliva
0%
b) Pancreatic juice
0%
c) Intestinal juice
0%
d) Stomach
Explanation
Lactase, also called lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, enzyme found in the small intestine of mammals that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose (milk sugar) into the simple sugars glucose and galactose Answer : (c)
Q.43
Tusk of elephant are ...[CMC 2002 ]
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a) Upper canines
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b) Upper incisors
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c) Lower incisors
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d) Lower canines
Explanation
Tusk of elephant are Upper incisors Tusk of warthogs, pigs, and walruses are Upper canines Answer : (b)
Q.44
Food bolus after passing through alkaline medium in the alimentary canal is ....[Odisha 2006 ]
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a) Chylomicron
0%
b) Chyme
0%
c) Chyle
0%
d) Fat body
Explanation
Chyle a milky fluid containing emulsified fat and other products of digestion, formed from the chyme in the small intestine Answer : (c)
Q.45
Number of milk teeth found in humans is ...[ kerala 2006 ]
0%
a) 32
0%
b) 20
0%
c) 52
0%
d) 12
Explanation
Humans usually have 20 primary (deciduous, "baby" or "milk") teeth and 32 permanent (adult) teeth. Teeth are classified as incisors, canines, premolars (also called bicuspids), and molars. Answer : (b)
Q.46
Argentaffin cells occur in ... [CPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Duodenum
0%
b) Stomach
0%
c) Ileum
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Argentaffin cell are epithelial cells, though common throughout the digestive tract, are most concentrated in the small intestine and appendix. Thus options are not proper Answer : (d)
Q.47
Saliva contains enzyme .... [ AMU 1999 ]
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a) Enterokinase
0%
b) Ptyalin/amylase
0%
c) Chymotrypsin
0%
d) Lipase
Explanation
Saliva contains enzyme ptyalin/amylase Answer : (b)
Q.48
Which is true about digestion and absorption of food? [ CBSE 2009 ]
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a) 60% starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase
0%
b) Oxyntic cells secrete pepsinogen
0%
c) Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles passed in intestine into blood capillaries
0%
d) Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+
Explanation
Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+ in microvilli or brush cells Answer : (d)
Q.49
Secretion of hormones cholecystokinin is for ....[Pb. PMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Controlling blood pressure
0%
b) Inducing peristalsis
0%
c) Bile functions
0%
d) Release of insulin
Explanation
stimulates delivery into the small intestine of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder Answer : (c)
Q.50
On removal of pancreas, the compound which remains undigested is ....[CBSE 1997 ]
0%
a) Lactose
0%
b) Carbohydrate
0%
c) Fat
0%
d) Protein
Explanation
The pancreatic juice contains enzymes that complete the digestion of starch called pancreatic amylase. It also contains pancreatic enzymes that complete the digestion of protein called trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase. Answer : (d)
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