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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 2
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Q.1
Which mineral deficiency is supplemented on a large scale in India? [ BHU 1998]
0%
a) Potassium
0%
b) Iron
0%
c) Iodine
0%
d) Sodium
Explanation
India has the largest number of children born vulnerable to iodine-deficiency Answer : (c)
Q.2
Which pairing is not correct
0%
a) Vitamin D - Rickets
0%
b) Vitamin K - Sterility
0%
c) Thiamine - Beri-beri
0%
d) Niacin - Pellagra
Explanation
Not Vitamin K but vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of infertility or Sterility Answer : (b)
Q.3
Lathyrism due to consumption of khesri dal is characterised by ...[CBSE 1998 ]
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a) Skeletal deformation and thinning of collagen fibres
0%
b) Skeletal abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and reproductive failure
0%
c) Retarded growth, precocious puberty and renal dysfunction.
0%
d) Cardiovascular abnormalities, mental retardation and delayed puberty
Explanation
Lathyrism characterised by Skeletal deformation and thinning of collagen fibre ,Leg weakness, Leg paralysis, Leg muscle rigidity, Leg muscle spasticity, Pain, Emaciated buttock muscles khesri dal consumption was linked to a neurological disorder called lathyrism Answer : (a)
Q.4
on Q131) Which of the following is the incorrect match regarding absorption:
0%
a) Active transport – Na+, glucose, amino acids.
0%
b) Simple diffusion – Fatty acids, monoglycerides.
0%
c) Facilitated transport – Fructose.
0%
d) None of these.
Explanation
Answer:( b)
Q.5
Major requirement of protein in the body is for ..[CPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) Energy
0%
b) Growth
0%
c) Repair
0%
d) Proper nourishmnet
Explanation
Protein are one of the building blocks of body tissue, thus growth Answer : (b)
Q.6
Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found in... [ Kerala 2008 ]
0%
a) Small intestine, secrete digestive enzymes
0%
b) Pancreas, secrete pancreatic juice
0%
c) Stomach, secrete gastric juice
0%
d) Liver, secrete bile
Explanation
Crypts of Lieberkuhn present in the epithelia of the villi extend down into the lamina propria where they form crypts. Secrete digestive enzymes: secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK), gastric inhibitory protein (GIP), motilin Answer : (a)
Q.7
Which one is rich in magnesium ...[ JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) Milk
0%
b) Meat
0%
c) Soyabean
0%
d) Egg
Explanation
Magnesium contain in 100 gm Milk – 11mg Meat – 29 mg Soyabean – 280 mg Egg – 10 mg Answer : (c)
Q.8
In Man the zymogen or chief cells are mainly found in...[CBSE 1990 ]
0%
a) Cardiac part of stomach
0%
b) Pyloric part of stomach
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Fundus part of stomach
Explanation
The fundus of the stomach is the second part of the stomach. The rugae contain several specialized cells to help aid in digestion including parietal cells (HCl- Hydrochloric acid production by releasing H+ and Cl-), Chief cells (pepsin production by releasing pepsinogin which reacts with HCl to make pepsin), and Mucus cells (to release mucus and coat the stomach, protecting it from the low pH, high acid environment) The main functions of the pylorus or are to prevent intestinal contents from reentering the stomach when the small intestine contracts and to limit the passage of large food particles or undigested material into the intestine. The cardia is the first part of the stomach below the esophagus. It contains the cardiac sphincter, which is a thin ring of muscle that helps to prevent stomach contents from going back up into the esophagus Answer : (d)
Q.9
Cholecystokinin is secretion of ...[ AFMC 2005 ]
0%
a) Duodenum that stimulates the release of bile
0%
b) Goblet cells of ileum, stimulates secretion of succus entricus
0%
c) Liver and controls secondary sex characters.
0%
d) Stomach that stimulates pancreas to release juice
Explanation
Cholecystokinin is secreted by cells of the upper small intestine (duodenum).a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Answer : (a)
Q.10
A salivary gland is .... [ KCET 1999]
0%
a) Brunner's gland
0%
b) Sublingual gland
0%
c) Lacrimal gland
0%
d) Adrenal gland
Explanation
The paired sublingual glands are major salivary glands in the mouth. Answer : (b)
Q.11
Vitamin required for formation of rhodopsin is .... [ MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B2
0%
c) D
0%
d) C
Explanation
Rhodopsin is made up of opsin (a colourless protein) and 11-cis-retinal (11-cis-retinaldehyde), a pigmented molecule derived from vitamin A. Answer : (a)
Q.12
ion Q64) Water soluble vitamins are .. .[ Bih. PMT 2006 ]
0%
a) C and D
0%
b) A and C
0%
c) B and C
0%
d) A and D
Explanation
Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Answer : (c)
Q.13
Pepsinogen is secreted by ..[ CPMT 1993 ]
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a) Mucous glands
0%
b) Intestinal glands
0%
c) Chief cells
0%
d) Parietal cells
Explanation
A gastric chief cell (or peptic cell, or gastric zymogenic cell) is a type of cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and gastric lipase Answer : (c)
Q.14
Enzyme maltase of human gut acts on food at ..[ Odisha 2005 ]
0%
a) pH less than 7, changes maltose to glucose
0%
b) pH more than 7, changes maltose to glucose
0%
c) pH less than 7, changes starch to maltose
0%
d) pH more than 7, changes starch to maltose
Explanation
Maltase secreted by the intestine converts maltose into glucose. In small intestine pH gradually increases from 6 to 7.4. Maltase is secreted at brush border of the small intestine where pH is more than 7 Answer : (b)
Q.15
What is also called vitamin G ...[Kerala 2000 ]
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a) Riboflavin
0%
b) Thiamine
0%
c) Pantothenic acid
0%
d) Niacin
Explanation
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is also known as vitamin G Answer : (a)
Q.16
Inhibition of gastric and stimulation of gastric pancreatic and bile secretions are controlled by hormones..[CBSE 1994 ]
0%
a) Gastrin, secretin, enterocrinin and cholecystokinin
0%
b) Enterogastrone, gastrin, pancreozymin and cholecystokinin
0%
c) Secretin, enterogastrone, cholecystokinin and pancreozymin
0%
d) Secretin, enterogastrone, gastrin and enterocrinin
Explanation
Enterogastrones are hormones that inhibit stomach processes of acid secretion Gastrin stimulates pancreatic acinar cells to secrete digestive enzymes. pancreozymina hormone which stimulates the production of enzymes by the pancreas. Cholecystokinin (CCK)is secreted in response to fats and peptides in the upper small intestines, particularly the duodenum. Actions of CCK include: Secretion of Pancreatic Enzymes. Contraction of Gallbladder. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Which is not the function of liver
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a) Production of insulin
0%
b) Detoxification
0%
c) Storage of glycogen
0%
d) Production of bile
Explanation
Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas The liver's main job is to filter the blood coming from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs. As it does so, the liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines Other functions are: Producing certain proteins for blood plasma Producing cholesterol and special proteins to help carry fats through the body Converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage, which can later be converted to glucose for energy Regulating blood levels of amino acids, which form the building blocks of proteins Processing hemoglobin for use of its iron content Converting poisonous ammonia to urea, clearing the blood of drugs and other poisonous substances Regulating blood clotting Resisting infections by producing immune factors and removing bacteria from the blood stream Answer : (a)
Q.18
Glycogenolysis is ...[Bih PMT 2002 ]
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a) Oxidation of sugar
0%
b) Conversion of glycogen into glucose
0%
c) Conversion of glucose into glycogen
0%
d) Conversion of glycogen into fat
Explanation
glycogenolysis the splitting up of glycogen in the liver, yielding glucose. Answer : (b)
Q.19
Which does not occur in case of glucose ..[ JKCMEE 2002 ]
0%
a) Digestion
0%
b) Ingestion
0%
c) Absorption
0%
d) Assimilation
Explanation
Single sugars include glucose, galactose and fructose absorbed by small intestine. without needing to digest them first. Answer : (a)
Q.20
Proteolytic enzymes do not corrode lining of alimentary canal as ...[Uttarakhand 2001 ] Explanation is provided, please click on
0%
a) they are secreted in inactive form
0%
b) Lining layer of alimentary canal does not contain protein
0%
c) The enzymes are not capable of digesting fat
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Digestive enzymes are released in inactive forms called zymogens. This is necessary to prevent the digestive enzymes from digesting the cells that produce them. In a zymogen, part of the protein blocks the active site of the enzyme. Cleaving off this peptide activates the enzyme. Answer : (a)
Q.21
What is cholecystokinin .. [ Odisha 2002 ]
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a) Bile pigment
0%
b) Gastro-intestinal hormone
0%
c) Enzyme
0%
d) Lipid
Explanation
Cholecystokinin stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release stored bile into the intestine. Answer : (b)
Q.22
Rennin acts on ...[CBSE 1994 ]
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a) Milk changing casein into calcium paracaseinate at 7.2-8.2pH
0%
b) Proteins in stomach
0%
c) Fat in intestine
0%
d) Milk changing casein into calcium paracaseinate at 1-3pH
Explanation
Stomach secretes gastric juice pH [1-3.5] which contains prorennin secreted by the zymogen cells. Inactive prorennin is converted into rennin by HCl. Rennin acts on casein, a protein milk changing it into calcium paracaseinate, it is known as curdling of milk Answer : (d)
Q.23
When all the peptide bonds of a protein have been broken down, the resultant would be ...[RPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Polypeptides
0%
b) Oligopeptides
0%
c) Peptides
0%
d) Amino acids
Explanation
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid Answer : (d)
Q.24
Which one of the following is the best source of vitamin A? [ KCET 1997 ]
0%
a) Apple
0%
b) Carrot
0%
c) Honey
0%
d) Peanuts
Explanation
Carrots are a good source of several vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin A (from beta-carotene), biotin, vitamin K (phylloquinone), potassium and vitamin B6. Vitamin A: Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which is converted to vitamin A in the body Answer : (b)
Q.25
Cyanocobalamin is required for the maturation of ...[ AFMC 2012 ]
0%
a) RBC
0%
b) WBC
0%
c) Lymph
0%
d) Platelets
Explanation
Maturation of Red Blood Cells Requires Vitamin B(Cyanocobalamin) and Folic Acid Answer : (a)
Q.26
Pernicious anaemia is caused by the deficiency of vitamin.. [RPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) B1/ Thiamine
0%
b) B12/ Cobalamine
0%
c) C/ Ascorbic acid
0%
d) D/ Calciferol
Explanation
blood disorder called pernicious anemia caused when the body does not make enough red blood cells due to lack of vitamin B12 Answer : (b)
Q.27
Hydrolytic enzyme which acts at low pH is ...[CBSE 2002 ]
0%
a) α-amylase
0%
b) proteases
0%
c) Hydrolases
0%
d) Peroxidases
Explanation
hydrolytic enzyme is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. All the proteases, nucleases, amylases, helices, lipase come under hydrolase enzyme or hydrolytic enzyme. Proteases require acidic medium or acts at low pH. correct answer is proteases Answer : (b)
Q.28
In human beings, carbohydrate is stored as glycogen in ...[ Odisha 2003 ]
0%
a) Liver and muscles
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Muscles
0%
d) Spleen
Explanation
Hepatocytes (liver cells) have the highest concentration of glycogenAnd muscles have lower concentration of glycogen Answer : (a)
Q.29
Just as hydrochloric acid to pepsinogen, so is ...[ MPPMT 2004 ]
0%
a) Haemoglobin to oxygen
0%
b) Enterokinase to trypsinogen
0%
c) Bile juice to fat
0%
d) Glucagon to glycogen
Explanation
Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen and converts it to the enzyme pepsin. Trypsinogen is activated by enterokinase (also calledenteropeptidase). Answer : (b)
Q.30
Which one is incorrectly matched .. [ CBSE 2003]
0%
a) Vit C - Scurvy
0%
b) Vit. B3 - Pellagra
0%
c) Vit B12 - Pernicious anaemia
0%
d) Vit B6 - Beri-beri
Explanation
Beri-Beri caused by deficiency of B1 Answer : (d)
Q.31
Duodenal glands which prevent corrosion by HCl of chyme are ....[Uttarakhnad 2001 ]
0%
a) Oxyntic cells
0%
b) Peptic cells
0%
c) Brunner's gland
0%
d) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Explanation
The Brunner glands, which empty into the intestinal glands, secrete an alkaline fluid composed of mucin and prevent corrosion by HCl of chyme Answer : (c)
Q.32
Which one leaves human stomach at the earliest? [ CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Fat
0%
b) Protein
0%
c) Carbohydrate
0%
d) Beer
Explanation
Beer it contains alcohol, which will readily get absorbed by the wall of stomach and intestine" Answer : (d)
Q.33
Pulp cavity of tooth is lined by ...[ CPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Ameloblast
0%
b) Chondroblast
0%
c) Osteoblasts
0%
d) Odontoblasts
Explanation
The dental pulp is the part in the center of a tooth made up of living connective tissue and cells called odontoblasts. Answer : (d)
Q.34
Exposure to sun is required for synthesis of vitamin D in ... [ Har. PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Adipose tissue
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Gall blader
0%
d) Skin
Explanation
vitamin D produced endogenously when ultraviolet rays from sunlight strike the skin and trigger vitamin D synthesis. Answer : (d)
Q.35
Pellagra is caused due to the deficiency of ...[AFMC 2009 ]
0%
a) Ascorbic acid/ Vit C
0%
b) Nicotinic acid/ VitB3/Niacin
0%
c) Pantothenic acid
0%
d) Folic acid
Explanation
Pellagra is a disease characterised by diarrhoea, dermatitis and dementia. If left untreated, death is the usual outcome. It occurs as a result of niacin (vitamin B-3) deficiency. Niacin is required for most cellular processes. Answer : (b)
Q.36
Conversion of glycogen into glucose is ...[ CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a)Gluconeogenesis
0%
b) Glycolysis
0%
c) Glycogenolysis
0%
d) Glycogenesis
Explanation
Gluconeogenesis (abbreviated GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids. Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen (n) to glucose-6-phosphate and glycogen (n-1). Glycogenesis is the formation of glycogen from glucose. Answer : (c)
Q.37
Bring out the matching pair [ MPPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Renin - Protein
0%
b) Trypsin - Starch
0%
c) Invertase - Sucrose
0%
d) Amylase - Lactose.
Explanation
Invertase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of sucrose (table sugar). Renin is a protease that is synthesized by the kidneys. Renin catalyzes the hydrolysis of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II, a highly potent vasoconstrictor. Renin inhibitors have been used therapeutically in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). Answer : (c)
Q.38
Which ones are bile salts... [ KCET 2003 ]
0%
a) Haemoglobin and biliverdin
0%
b) Bilirubin and biliverdin
0%
c) Bilirubin and haemoglobin
0%
d) Sodium glycolate and taurocholate
Explanation
taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid also taurochenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic are the major bile salts in bile Answer : (d)
Q.39
Vitamins often act as ... [ BHU 1992 ]
0%
a) Holoenzymes
0%
b) Coenzymes
0%
c) Apoenzymes
0%
d) Cofactors
Explanation
A coenzyme is an organic non-protein compound that binds with an enzyme to catalyze a reaction. Coenzymes are often broadly called cofactors In many cases vitamins act as cofactors that are needed in order to allow enzymes to perform their important work of facilitating metabolism in the body. Answer : (b)
Q.40
Layer of cells that secrete enamel of tooth is ....[CBSE 1998 ]
0%
a) Osteoblast
0%
b) Ameloblast
0%
c) Odontoblast
0%
d) Dentoblast
Explanation
Ameloblasts are cells which secrete the enamel proteins enamelin odontoblast is a cell of neural crest origin that is part of the outer surface of the dental pulp, and whose biological function is dentinogenesis, which is the formation of dentin, the substance beneath the tooth enamel on the crown and the cementum on the root osteoblasts function in groups of connected cells. dentoblast tooth cell Answer : (b)
Q.41
Excessive bleeding from an injury is due to deficiency of ...[CBSE 2002]
0%
a) Vitamin A
0%
b) Vitamin B
0%
c) Vitamin K
0%
d) Vitamin E
Explanation
Vitamin K plays a key role in helping the blood clot, preventing excessive bleeding. Deficiency of Vitamin K causes excessive bleeding. Answer : (c)
Q.42
Excessive intake of alcohol causes ..[MPPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Jaundice
0%
b) Dermatitis
0%
c) Liver cirrhosis
0%
d) Lung fibrosis
Explanation
Cirrhosis is a complication of liver disease which involves loss of liver cells and irreversible scarring of the liver. Alcohol and viral hepatitis B and C are common causes of cirrhosis, although there are many other causes. Answer : (c)
Q.43
Which one is not a source of Vit A ..[CPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Carrot
0%
b) Yeast
0%
c) Mango
0%
d) Apple
Explanation
Yeast provides Vit B1 and Vit B2 Answer : (b)
Q.44
Starch is digested by ....[CET Chd. 2003 ]
0%
a) Peptidase
0%
b) Amylase
0%
c) Lipase
0%
d) Proteinase
Explanation
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Answer : (b)
Q.45
Digested lipids are absorbed from lacteals as ...[AMU 2003 ]
0%
a) Triglycerides
0%
b) Diglycerides
0%
c) Monoglycerides
0%
d) Free fatty acids
Explanation
The enzymes of the small intestine are responsible for almost all of the fat digestion. When pancreatic lipase acts on the lipid, it breaks it down, which results in free fatty acids and monoglycerides, the two digestive products of lipids. These products are much easier for your small intestine to handle, and they have very little trouble being absorbed out of your digestive tract. When the fatty acids and monoglycerides are absorbed into the epithelial cells of the intestinal lining, they are combined to form triglycerides which enters the blood through lacteals Correct option is Triglycerides Answer : (a)
Q.46
Glucose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine by ... [ JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) Osmosis
0%
b) Passive transport
0%
c) Active transport
0%
d) Selective absorption
Explanation
Glucose and amino acids is absorbed with sodium, by glucose-Na and amino acid-Na co-transporter hence called as active transport Answer : (c)
Q.47
Absorption of glycerol, fatty acids and monoglycerides takes place by ...[KCET 2003 ]
0%
a) Lymph vessels within villi
0%
b) Walls of stomach
0%
c) Colon
0%
d) Capillaries within villi
Explanation
The walls lining the intestines are covered with many tiny, finger-like protrusions, or villi, that provide a large surface area for efficient absorption of nutrients. The centre of each villus contains blood capillaries and special lymph capillaries called lacteals. The blood capillaries absorb water-soluble nutrients, but the lacteals absorb the fats and fat-soluble vitamins. The lacteals carry the mixture of lymph and nutrients, known as chyle to lymph vessels in the intestinal wall. The chyle is then collected into larger lymph vessels that feed eventually into the venous circulation. Answer : (a)
Q.48
Meckle's diverticulum occurs in ...[JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) rectum
0%
b) Appendix
0%
c) Ileum
0%
d) Pylorus
Explanation
A Meckel’s diverticulum is an abnormal pouch of tissue on the small intestine. Answer : (c)
Q.49
Which ones are absorbed in the alimentary canal without any breakdown? [ Pb.PMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Proteins
0%
b) polysaccharides
0%
c) Fat soluble vitamins
0%
d) Albumen of egg
Explanation
4 fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, E, and K) are absorbed in the alimentary canal without any breakdown Answer : (c)
Q.50
Richest source of B12 is ... [ CBSE 2001 ]
0%
a) Chocolate and green gram
0%
b) Rice and Hen's eggs
0%
c) Carrot and Chicken breast
0%
d) Goat liver and spirulina
Explanation
The richest source of B12 is Goat liver and spirulina Answer : (d)
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