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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 3
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Q.1
Dental formula shows ....[MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Structure of teeth
0%
b) Monophyodont or diphyodont condition
0%
c) Number and type of teeth in both jaws
0%
d) Number and type of teeth in one half of both jaws
Explanation
The number of teeth of each type is written as a dental formula for one side of the mouth, or quadrant, with the upper and lower teeth shown on separate rows. The number of teeth in a mouth is twice that listed as there are two sides. The dental formula shows number and type of teeth in one-half of both jaws Answer : (d)
Q.2
During absorption of carbohydrates by the blood, the most rapidly transported monosaccharide is ... [ BHU 2012]
0%
a) Fructose
0%
b) Glucose
0%
c) Sucrose
0%
d) Galactose
Explanation
Absorption of Monosaccharides: Absorption of glucose and galactose occur through active transport. Sodium pump on the cell membrane helps in its active transport. Fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion. Glucose, galactose and fructose are absorbed into the blood capillaries. Galactose is the most rapidly transported monosaccharide. Absorption of amino acids: Amino acids are absorbed by active transport coupled with active sodium transport. They also enter the bloodstream. Answer : (d)
Q.3
The number of teeth that grow twice in human life is ...[ AFMC 2002 ]
0%
a) 4
0%
b) 12
0%
c) 20
0%
d) 28
Explanation
20 milk teeth of a child get replaced in adulthood by 20 permanent teeth. but the rest 12 can never be replaced if broken, these 12 teeth grow only once in a man’s life. Answer : (c)
Q.4
Select incorrect statement ... [kerala 2012 ]
0%
a) Lipases and nucleases are not found in pancreatic juice
0%
b) Goblet cells secrete mucus
0%
c) Bile contains no enzymeBrunner's glands are submucosal gland
0%
d) Secretin is rich in mucin and does not contain HCl
Explanation
Lipases and nucleases are found in pancreatic juice Answer : (a)
Q.5
Fat absorbed from gut is transported in blood as ... [ Kerala 2001]
0%
a) Micelle
0%
b) Liposomes
0%
c) Chemomicrons
0%
d) Chylomicrons
Explanation
Absorption of fatty acids and glycerol: Fatty acids and glycerol are insoluble in water thus they can’t enter in bloodstream directly. In intestinal lumen, bile salts and phospholipids incorporate fatty acids and glycerol into small, spherical water-soluble droplets known as micelles. Fat soluble vitamins and sterols along with fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed by diffusion by the help of micelles into intestinal cells, where they are resynthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and are converted into small droplets known as chylomicrons. Later most of them released into lymph present in lacteals (lymphatic capillaries). Answer : (d)
Q.6
Which is caused by deficiency of protein? [ BHU 2003 ]
0%
a) Night blindness
0%
b) Beri-beri
0%
c) Xerophthalmia
0%
d) Kwashiorkor
Explanation
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition, caused by a deficiency in dietary protein Answer : (d)
Q.7
Tocopherol is vitamin .... [EAMCET 1996 ]
0%
a) E
0%
b) D
0%
c) B
0%
d) A
Explanation
Tocopherols are a class of organic chemical compounds, which have vitamin E activity. Fully synthetic vitamin E, "dl-alpha-tocopherol", the most inexpensive, most commonly sold supplement form usually as the acetate ester. Answer : (a)
Q.8
Castle's intrinsic factor is connected with internal absorption of ... [ A.M.U 1992 ]
0%
a) Pyridoxine
0%
b) Riboflavin
0%
c) Thiamine
0%
d) Cobalamine
Explanation
Castle's intrinsic factor is a relatively small mucoprotein secreted by the parietal cells of gastric glands and required for adequate absorption of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) for production of red blood cells. Answer : (d)
Q.9
Cholesterol is synthesised in .. [ MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Brunner's glands
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Spleen
0%
d) Pancreas
Explanation
Cholesterol is synthesised in liver Answer : (b)
Q.10
Which one is not in intestinal juice? [ Bih. PMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Erepsin
0%
b) Maltase
0%
c) Water
0%
d) HCl
Explanation
Parietal cells secrete HCl are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and in the cardia of the stomach. Answer: (d)
Q.11
Milk protein is acted upon by a gastric enzyme in infant mammals named ...[ Odisha 1995 ]
0%
a) Rennin
0%
b) Caseinogen
0%
c) Pepsinogen
0%
d) Pepsin
Explanation
Rennin, also called chymosin, protein-digesting enzyme that curdles milk by transforming caseinogen into insoluble casein; it is found only in the fourth stomach of cud-chewing animals, such as cows. Its action extends the period in which milk is retained in the stomach of the young animal Answer:(a)
Q.12
Which chamber of ruminant stomach has gastric juice ( HCl+ pepsin)/true stomach ....[AMU 2011 ]
0%
a) Omasum
0%
b) Abomasum
0%
c) Rumen
0%
d) Recticulum
Explanation
The function of the abomasum is the chemical breakdown of food. It secretes hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Answer : (b)
Q.13
n humans, Glisson capsule is associated with ...[kerala 2012 ])
0%
a) Digestive system
0%
b) Excretory system
0%
c) Endocrine system
0%
d) Nervous system
Explanation
Glisson's capsule: The capsule of the liver. A layer of connective tissue surrounding the liver and ensheathing the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile ducts within the liver. Answer : (a)
Q.14
pH of succus entericus is .... [ MPPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) 6.6
0%
b) 5.6
0%
c) 2.0
0%
d) 7.8
Explanation
Succus entericus The alkaline secretion produced by glands in the wall of the duodenum, consisting of water, mucoproteins, and hydrogen carbonate ions. It helps to counteract the highly acidic and proteolytic chyme entering the small intestine from the stomach, and thus protects the duodenum from damage Answer : (d)
Q.15
Fat digestion is facilitated by ....[CPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Bile juice
0%
b) Pancreatic juice
0%
c) Gastric juice
0%
d) Intestinal juice
Explanation
Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine Answer : (a)
Q.16
Excess intake of the following causes obesity [ CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Vitamins
0%
b) Proteins
0%
c) Carbohydrates
0%
d) Minerals
Explanation
Carbohydrates are the main driver of excess body fat by causing fluctuations in blood sugar that increase appetite. Increasing blood sugar causes insulin secretion that drives sugar into cells. What is not burned for energy or stored in the muscles and liver becomes stored fat through lipogenesis. Answer: (c)
Q.17
A nucleotide connected with coenzyme formation is ... [AMU 1992]
0%
a) Nicotinamide
0%
b) purine
0%
c) Pyrimidine
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Parietal cells secret gastric acid Answer : (a)
Q.18
Fat soluble vitamins are .. [ AFMC 1986 ]
0%
a) A, D and E
0%
b) B, C and D
0%
c) B, D and E
0%
d) A, B and C
Explanation
A, D, E and K are fat soluble vitamins Answer : (a)
Q.19
Parietal cells secrete .. [ Kerala 2012 ]
0%
a) Pepsinogen
0%
b) Mucus
0%
c) Lysozyme
0%
d) Intrinsic factor
Explanation
Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic or delomorphous cells), are the epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and in the body of the stomach. Answer : (d)
Q.20
Which one is wisdom teeth ...[CPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Third molar, four in number
0%
b) Third molar, two in number
0%
c) Second molar, four in number
0%
d) Second molar, two in number
Explanation
A wisdom tooth or third molar is one of the three molars per quadrant of the human dentition Most adults have four wisdom teeth, one in each of the four quadrants, but it is possible to have fewer or more, in which case the extras are called supernumerary teeth. Answer : (a)
Q.21
A vital ingredient of food which does not provide energy and is required in minute quantity is .... [ Wardha 2000 ]
0%
a) Carbohydrate
0%
b) Protein
0%
c) Vitamin
0%
d) Fat
Explanation
Vitamins are a group of substances that are needed for normal cell function, growth, and development. Answer (c)
Q.22
Brunner's glands occur in .. [ BHU 1999 ]
0%
a) Submucosa of duodenum
0%
b) Submucosa of stomach
0%
c) Mucosa of oesophagus
0%
d) Mucosa of ileum
Explanation
Brunner's glands (or duodenal glands) are compound tubular submucosal glands found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter. The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) Answer : (a)
Q.23
The lining layer of human gut is ....[kerala 2012 ]
0%
a) Mucosa
0%
b) Submucosa
0%
c) Serosa
0%
d) Muscularis
Explanation
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and surrounds internal organs. Answer : (a)
Q.24
Maximum energy is liberated on respiratory breakdown of ... [CPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Protein
0%
b) Fat
0%
c) Carbohydrate
0%
d) Nucleic acid
Explanation
Standard caloric values for macronutrients are: Carbohydrates: 4.1 kcal/g Protein: 5.6 kcal/g (but in the body is only 4.1 kcal/g due to incomplete oxidation) Fat: 9.3 kcal/g Ethanol: 7 kcal/g Answer : (b)
Q.25
Essentially the word digestion means ...[CPMT 2005 ]
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a) Burning of food
0%
b) Breakdown of food
0%
c) Oxidation of food
0%
d) Hydrolysis of food
Explanation
Digestion means the process in the alimentary canal by which food is broken up physically, as by the action of the teeth, and chemically, as by the action of enzymes, and converted into a substance suitable for absorption and assimilation into the body. Or the process of making food absorbable by mechanically and enzymatically breaking it down into simpler chemical compounds in the digestive tract Answer : (b)
Q.26
Formation of glucose from proteins/surplus amino acid is ... [ BHU 2001 ]
0%
a) Glycogenolysis
0%
b) Glycogenesis
0%
c) Gluconeogensis
0%
d) Glycolysis
Explanation
Gluconeogenesis (GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. From breakdown of proteins, these substrates include glucogenic amino acids (although not ketogenic amino acids); from breakdown of lipids (such as triglycerides), they include glycerol (although not fatty acids); and from other steps in metabolism they include pyruvate and lactate. Answer : (c)
Q.27
Carboxypeptidase is a ...[HPPMT 2012 ]
0%
a) Transferase
0%
b) Ligase
0%
c) Isomerase
0%
d) Proteolytic enzyme
Explanation
Carboxypeptidase is a protein-digesting enzyme secreted from the pancreas which cleaves peptide bonds . Proteolytic enzyme - any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis Answer : (d)
Q.28
Vitamin containing cobalt is ..[ kerala 2000 ] Answer : (d)
0%
a) A
0%
b) B1
0%
c) B6
0%
d) B12
Explanation
Vitamin B-12 is a big, fat vitamin molecule. It has a formula of C63H88CoN14O14P and a molecular mass of 1355.37 g/mol. Answer : (d)
Q.29
Anti Scurvy vitamin is ..[ Bih PMT 1995 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B12
0%
c) C
0%
d) D
Explanation
Scurvy can be prevented by a diet that includes vitamin C-rich foods such as amla, bell peppers (sweet peppers), blackcurrants, broccoli, chili peppers, guava, kiwifruit, and parsley. Answer (c)
Q.30
35) Which of the following pair is characterised by swollen lips, thick pigmented skin of hands and legs and irritability? [ CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Thiamine - Beri-Beri
0%
b) Protein - Kwashiorkor
0%
c) Nicotinamide - Pellagra
0%
d) Iodine - Goiter
Explanation
Pellagra is characterised by swollen lips, thick pigmented skin of hands and legs and irritability. Deficiency of Nicotinamide , Niacin (Nicotinic acid) causes Pellagra Answer : (c)
Q.31
Caecum is large for digestion of cellulose with the help of symbiotic bacteria in .. [ CPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Man
0%
b) Rabbit
0%
c) Cat
0%
d) Frog
Explanation
Rabbit have a very large blind sac called a cecum is located where the small intestine and the large intestine join together. The cecum houses microorganisms that can digest cellulose Answer : (b)
Q.32
Match the columns Options
Column I
Column II
a) Saliva
p) Disaccharides
b) gastric juice
q) Trypsin
c) Pancreatic juice
r) Ptyalin
d) Intestinal juice
s) Pepsin
--
t) Cellulase
0%
a) a - r; b - t; c - p; d - q
0%
b) a - s; b - r; c - p; d - t
0%
c) a - r; b - s; c - p; d - t
0%
d) a - r; b - s; c - q; d - p
Explanation
Ptyalin is an enzyme that is part of saliva and aids with digestionby breaking down starches and glycogens as they enter in mouth. a-r Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It is produced in the stomach or part of gastric juice, it helps digest the proteins in food. b-s Trypsinogen is the precursor form or zymogen of trypsin, a digestive enzyme. Produced by the pancreas, it is found in pancreatic juice, along with amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsinogen. c - q Maltase, sucrase and lactase are the three disaccharide digesting enzymes present in intestinal juice. Maltase converts maltose into glucose. Sucrase converts sucrose into glucose and fructose. Lactase converts lactose into glucose and galactose. d - p Answer : (d)
Q.33
38) Aminopeptidase, a digestive enzyme produces... [ AMU 1992 ]
0%
a) Dipeptides
0%
b) Smaller peptides
0%
c) Peptones
0%
d) Amino acids
Explanation
Aminopeptidase an enzyme that breaks down dietary peptides into amino acids Answer : (d)
Q.34
Night blindness develops due to deficiency of ....[ JKCMEE 2002 ]
0%
a) Vitamin C
0%
b) B12
0%
c) Vit. K
0%
d) Vit. A
Explanation
vitamin A deficiency can also lead to night blindness. Vitamin A, also called retinol, plays a role in transforming nerve impulses into images in the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive area in the back of your eye Answer :(d)
Q.35
Match the column [KCET 2001 ]
Column I
Column II
a) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
p) Loop of duodenum
b) Pancreas
q) Stomach
c) Adrenal gland
r) Intestine
d) Gastric gland
s) Kidney
0%
a) a - r; b - p; c - q; d - s
0%
b) a - p; b - r; c - s; d - q
0%
c) a - q; b - s; c - r; d - p
0%
d) a - r; b - p; c - s; d - q
Explanation
An intestinal gland (also crypt of Lieberk端hn and intestinal crypt) is a gland found in the intestinal epithelium lining of the small intestine and large intestine (colon).a - r The pancreatic duct and common bile duct enter the Loop of duodenum, b - p The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. c-s The gastric glands are located in different regions of the stomach. d-q Answer : (d)
Q.36
Lipase hydrolyses .... [ BHU 1992 ]
0%
a) Ester bond
0%
b) Glycosidic bond
0%
c) Peptide bond
0%
d) Hydrogen bond
Explanation
Lipases are water-soluble enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in triacylglycerols Answer : (a)
Q.37
Which one is the correct match? [ DPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Calcium - Beri-beri
0%
b) Na - Addison's disease
0%
c) Iron - Haemophilia
0%
d) P - Bone fragility
Explanation
Bone mineral consists of calcium phosphate, and phosphorus is as important as calcium in supporting bone augmentation and maintenance. Answer : (d)
Q.38
What should be taken to offset deficiency of rhodopsin? [ CBSE 2000 ]
0%
a) papaya and mango
0%
b) Orange and Amla
0%
c) Water melon and Strawberry
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Rhodopsin (also known as visual purple) is a light-sensitive receptor protein involved in visual phototransduction. Vitamin A is essential for synthesis of Rhodopsin. Oranges are a good source of B vitamins including vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, and folate as well as vitamin A, calcium, copper, and potassium. Answer : (d)
Q.39
Maximum number of enzymes occur in ..[ CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Omnivores
0%
b) Herbivores
0%
c) Carnivores
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Omnivores eat both plant as well as animal based diet. Hence, a greater variety of digestive enzymes are expected in their alimentary canal, which can digest both plant and animal based food. Answer: (a)
Q.40
Vitamin K is required for ..[BHU2001 ]
0%
a) Muscle control
0%
b) Appetite
0%
c) Protecting liver from fat accumulation
0%
d) All of the above
Explanation
Vitamin K deficiency can also cause appetite loss, as well as bone loss, lethargy, easy bruising and slowed growth Answer : (b)
Q.41
Meissner's plexus and Auerbach's plexus of gastrointestinal tract occur respectively in... [ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Submucosa and mucosa
0%
b) Mucosa and muscularis externa
0%
c) Submucosa and muscularis externa
0%
d) Lamina propia and muscularis mucosa
Explanation
Meissner's plexus (submucous plexus) lies in the submucosa of the intestinal wall Auerbach's plexus is a collection of autonomic nerve fibers and cells that are mainly found in the muscle tissues of the human intestine. Auerbach's plexus is situated between the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscular coat, which is sometimes referred to as the muscularis propria or the muscularis externa. Answer : (c)
Q.42
Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by ...[ CBSE 2005 ]
0%
a) Stomach
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Ileum
Explanation
Cholecystokinin a hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, Answer : (c)
Q.43
B - vitamins mostly function in ....[MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Hormones
0%
b) Enzymes
0%
c) Coenzymes
0%
d) Digestive substances
Explanation
The B vitamins serve as coenzymes essential for enzymes to form fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Answer : (c)
Q.44
on Q132) Bile pigments are formed from:
0%
a) Sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate
0%
b) Globin part of haemoglobin
0%
c) Haeme part of haemoglobin
0%
d) Steroid part of haemoglobin
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.45
Pantothenic acid occurs in ... [ H.P.PMT 2001 ] Answer : (b)
0%
a) Yeast
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Pulses
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 found in liver Answer : (b)
Q.46
Secretion of gastric juice is stopped by ..[CBSE 1993 ]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Pancreazymin
0%
c) Cholecystokinin
0%
d) Enterogastrones
Explanation
through the stimulation of the secretion of the hormone histamine from enterochromaffine-like cells (ECL). Vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin all inhibit production. Enterogastrone examples are secretin, cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide through the stimulation of the secretion of the hormone histamine from enterochromaffine-like cells (ECL). Vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin all inhibit production. Enterogastrone examples are secretin, cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide Answer : (d)
Q.47
Common passage for bile and pancreatic juice is ... [ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Duct of Wirsung
0%
> b) Duct of Satorini
0%
c) Ductus choleductus
0%
d) Ampulla of vater
Explanation
The ampulla of Vater, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla or the hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct. Answer : (d)
Q.48
Average kilocalories needed by a woman is ...[ Odisha 2005 ]
0%
a) Less than man
0%
b) More than man
0%
c) Equal to man
0%
d) Cannot be predicted
Explanation
An average woman needs to eat about 2000 calories per day to maintain, and 1500 calories to lose one pound of weight per week. An average man needs 2500 calories to maintain, and 2000 to lose one pound of weight per week. However, this depends on numerous factors Answer : (a)
Q.49
Gall bladder is stimulated to pour bile by ... [CPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) Secretin
0%
b) Enterogastrone
0%
c) Eterokinase
0%
d) Cholecystokinin
Explanation
Cholecystokinina hormone which is secreted by cells in the duodenum and stimulates the release of bile into the intestine and the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas. Answer : (d)
Q.50
Beri-beri is caused by the deficiency of vitamin .. [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) B1
0%
b) B2
0%
c) B6
0%
d) B12
Explanation
Beriberi is caused by deficiency of thiamine, also called aneurin and vitamin B1. Answer : (a)
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