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Quiz 4
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Q.1
pH suitable for ptyalin action is ...[ AFMC 1996 ]
0%
a) 6.8
0%
b) 7.8
0%
c) 3.2
0%
d) 9.3
Explanation
Digestive enzymes except pepsins have their activity optima at a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. Answer : (a)
Q.2
A steroid vitamin is .. [ Bih. PMT 1996 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B
0%
c) C
0%
d) D
Explanation
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone precursor that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Bile is formed in ..[ CPMT 1992 ]
0%
a) Gall bladder
0%
b) Liver
0%
c) Spleen
0%
d) Blood
Explanation
Bile is formed in Liver Answer : (b)
Q.4
Beri-Beri, Scurvy and Rickets are respectively caused by ...[CPMT 1993]
0%
a) B, D and C
0%
b) B,C and D
0%
c) D, B and A
0%
d) A, D and C
Explanation
Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B-1 deficiency, also known as thiamine deficiency. Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Rickets is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate Answer : (b)
Q.5
Water is largely absorbed in ...[ CPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Stomach
0%
b) Oesophagus
0%
c) Small intestine
0%
d) Colon
Explanation
colon, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract(The colon is also called the large intestine) and of the digestive system in vertebrates. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation. Answer : (d)
Q.6
Which is not the function of vitamins [ AFMC 2001 ]
0%
a) Metabolism
0%
b) Digestion
0%
c) Growth
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
different vitamins helps maintain health: Water-soluble vitamins Release energy. Several B vitamins are key components of certain coenzymes (molecules that aid enzymes) that help release energy from food. Produce energy. Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and biotin engage in energy production. Build proteins and cells. Vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid metabolize amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and help cells multiply. Make collagen. One of many roles played by vitamin C is to help make collagen, which knits together wounds, supports blood vessel walls, and forms a base for teeth and bones. Fat-soluble vitamins Build bones. Bone formation would be impossible without vitamins A, D, and K. Protect vision. Vitamin A also helps keep cells healthy and protects your vision. Interact favorably. Without vitamin E, your body would have difficulty absorbing and storing vitamin A. Protect the body. Vitamin E also acts as an antioxidant (a compound that helps protect the body against damage from unstable molecules). Answer : (b)
Q.7
Calorific value of carbohydrates, proteins and fats are respectively ... [ DPMT 2005 ]
0%
a) 4.0, 5.6, 9.0
0%
b) 4.9, 4.3, 7.3
0%
c) 9.0, 5.6, 4.0
0%
d) 7.3, 4.3, 4.9
Explanation
Standard caloric values for macronutrients are: Carbohydrates: 4.1 kcal/g Protein: 5.6 kcal/g (but in the body is only 4.1 kcal/g due to incomplete oxidation) Fat: 9.3 kcal/g Ethanol: 7 kcal/g Answer : (a)
Q.8
Vitamin required for development of erythrocytes is ....[AFMC 2000 ]
0%
a) D
0%
b) B12
0%
c) E
0%
d) K
Explanation
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) and Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) essential for the maturation of red blood cells Answer : (b)
Q.9
In humans, digestion is ... [ BHU 2002 ]
0%
a) Intercellular
0%
b) Intracellular
0%
c) Extracellular
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food. The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food into molecules small enough to be taken up by passive diffusion, transport or phagocytosis. Answer : (c)
Q.10
Vitamin B2 is involved in formation of coenzyme ...[DPMT 2005 ]
0%
a) NAD, NADP
0%
b) FMN, FAD
0%
c) NAD, FAD
0%
d) NADP, FMN
Explanation
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is part of the vitamin B group. It is the central component of the cofactors FAD and FMN Answer : (b)
Q.11
Khapra beetle larvae were raised on nasal diet to which was added increasing amount of cholesterol. The result is shown in the accompanying graph. It indicates... [AIIMS 2005 ]
0%
a) Cholesterol concentration of 2 µg/g diet is optium
0%
b) Growth of beetles is inhibited when concentration exceeds 5µg/g diet
0%
c) Growth of beetles is directly proportonal to cholesterol concentration
0%
d) Cholesterol is an essential dietary requirement of Khapra Beetle
Explanation
The graph indicates that cholesterol is an essential dietary requirement of khapra beetle because weight of insect larva increases with the increase in amount of cholesterol and weight becomes static at 4µ g cholesterol/g basal diet. If the growth rate would have been directly proportional to the cholesterol concentration then the graph would have been straight line. Answer : (d)
Q.12
Protein/enzyme is absent in ...[MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Saliva
0%
b) Bile
0%
c) Pancreatic juice
0%
d) Intestinal juice
Explanation
The composition of gallbladder bile is 97% water, bile salts, bilirubin, fats (cholesterol, fatty acids and lecithin) and 200 mEq/L inorganic salts. It don’t have any protein/enzymes Answer : (b)
Q.13
Vitamin C is useful in ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Wound healing
0%
b) Formation of visual pigments
0%
c) Growth of bones
0%
d) treating pernicious anaemia
Explanation
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is required for the synthesis of collagen (main component of connective tissue). It is also a highly effective antioxidant protecting cells from damage by free radicals. Vitamin C help speed the healing process of wounds. Answer : (a)
Q.14
Animals do not synthesise .... [ JKCMEE 2000 ]
0%
a) Proteins
0%
b) Vitamins
0%
c) Glycogen
0%
d) Phospholipids
Explanation
Most vitamins are obtained with food, but a few are obtained by other means. For example, microorganisms in the intestine — commonly known as "gut flora" — produce vitamin K and biotin, while one form of vitamin D is synthesized in the skin with the help of the natural ultraviolet wavelength of sunlight. Answer : (b)
Q.15
Submucosa is the thickest in ....[MPPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Rectum
0%
b) Intestine
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Oesophagus
Explanation
Oesophagusthe part of the alimentary canal which connects the throat to the stomach. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane.The oesophagus is 25 cm long, narrow muscular straight tube lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing mucous glands Answer : (d)
Q.16
Substrate for amylase enzyme is ...[JKCMEE 2005 ]
0%
a) Nucleic acid
0%
b) Protein
0%
c) Starch
0%
d) Fat
Explanation
Amylase enzyme digest starch Answer : (c)
Q.17
Cud chewing animals are ...[AFMC 2005 ]
0%
a) Sanuivorous
0%
b) Ruminants
0%
c) Frugivores
0%
d) Cannibals
Explanation
Cud is a portion of food that returns from a ruminant's stomach to the mouth to be chewed for the second time. More accurately, it is a bolus of semi-degraded food regurgitated from the reticulorumen of a ruminant. Cud is produced during the physical digestive process of rumination. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Which is the main negative mineral ion in extracellular fluid? [ Guj CET 2006 ])
0%
a) SO42-
0%
b) Cl-
0%
c) NO3-
0%
d) OH-
Explanation
Main anions: Chloride (Cl-) Bicarbonate (HCO3-) Phosphate (HPO42-) Main cations: Sodium (Na+) Potassium (K+) Calcium (Ca2+) Answer : (b)
Q.19
Folic acid and pantothenic acid are vitamins belonging to group ....{CBSE 1999 ]
0%
a) K
0%
b) A
0%
c) B-Complex
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Dietary supplements containing all eight vitamin are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Folic acid is vitamin B and pantothenic acid is vitamin B5 Answer : (c)
Q.20
Falciform ligament connects...[ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Stomach and liver
0%
b) Stomach and diaphragm
0%
c) Liver with diaphragm
0%
d) Lungs with diaphragm
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.21
Largest gland in human body is ..[BHU 2006]
0%
a) Liver
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Pituitary
0%
d) Thyroid
Explanation
Liver is the largest gland in human body. It is also the largest (internal) organ in our body and can weigh up to 1.5-1.6 kg for a human adult. That is, about 1/50th of the body weight is because of liver Answer : (a)
Q.22
Prolonged thiamine deficiency in diet leads to ... [ AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) Loss to muscle tone and damage to nerves
0%
b) pellagra
0%
c) Haemorrhage
0%
d) Anaemia
Explanation
Prolonged thiamine deficiency in diet leads dry beriberi mainly affects nerves and has symptoms that include weakness (loss of strength) and paralysis. Answer : (a)
Q.23
In case of taking food rich in lime juice, the action of ptyalin on starch is .... [ AIIMS 2000 ]
0%
a) Enhanced
0%
b) Reduced
0%
c) Unaffected
0%
d) Stopped
Explanation
Digestive enzymes except pepsins have their activity optima at a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. Food rich in lime juice has lower pH Answer : (b)
Q.24
The amount of bile released is in proportion to the amount of ...[CPMT 2004 ]
0%
a) Fat in meal
0%
b) carbohydrate in meal
0%
c) Protein in meal
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Meals differing in either the type or the amount of fat, protein or carbohydrates may be effective in stimulating Cholecystokinin (CCK) release and biliary secretion to varying degrees. Answer : (a)
Q.25
Structure present in man but absent in frog ... [ AFMC 2001]
0%
a) Salivary glands
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Adrenal glands
0%
d) Thyroid gland
Explanation
Frog is insectivorous (insects eating). The prey is captured by the action if tongue and swallowed without mastication. The food becomes lubricated by mucous secreted by mucin gland. (Salivary gland is absent). Answer : (a)
Q.26
Which is mismatched? [ CBSE 1999 ]
0%
a) Vitamin K - Beri-beri
0%
b) Vitamin C - Scurvy
0%
c) Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia
0%
d) Vitamin D - Rickets
Explanation
Vitamin K plays a key role in blood clotting, deficiency causes Haemorrhagic diseases of new born Answer : (a)
Q.27
Identify enzymes a, b, c and d in digestion of carbohydrates ...[KCET 2006 ]
0%
a) a - amylase; b- invertase; c- maltase; d - lactase
0%
b) a - amylase; b- lactase; c- maltase; d - invertase
0%
c) a - amylase; b- maltase; c - lactase ; d- invertase;
0%
d) a - amylase; b- maltase; c- invertase; d - lactase
Explanation
By acting at random locations along the starch chain, α-amylase breaks down long-chain carbohydrates, ultimately yielding maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "limit dextrin" from amylopectin. Thus “a” must be amylase. Lactase's primary function is to break down a type of sugar called lactose into two smaller particles called glucose and galactose.. Thus “b” must be lactase. Maltase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to the simple sugar glucose. Thus “c” must be maltase. Invertase is a carbohydrate-digesting enzyme that splits sucrose (common table sugar) into its component parts, glucose and fructose. Thus “d” must be Invertase Answer : (b)
Q.28
Prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid produces ... [BHU 1997 ]
0%
a) Osteomalacia
0%
b) Xerophthalmia
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Anaemia
Explanation
Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is an organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra Answer : (c)
Q.29
Some symbiotic microorganism occur in human body in ...[CBSE mains 2012 ]
0%
a) Vermiform appendix and rectum
0%
b) caecum
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Oral lining and tongue surface
Explanation
The caecum is a pouch-like portion near the end of the large intestine in humans and many animals. Its chief role in most animals is to provide bacteria that can help the body break down plant-based food Answer : (b)
Q.30
During rest, metabolic requirements are minimum. This is indicated by ...[AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) Pulse
0%
b) Breathing
0%
c) O2 intake and CO2
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
During rest pulse, breathing, O2 intake and CO2 rate decreases Answer : (d)
Q.31
Vermiform appendix is part of ...[MPPMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Reproductive system
0%
b) Alimentary canal
0%
c) Vascular system
0%
d) Nervous system
Explanation
vermiform appendix, a vestigial hollow tube that is closed at one end and is attached at the other end to the cecum, a pouchlike beginning of the large intestine into which the small intestine empties its contents. Answer : (b)
Q.32
Which one is both exocrine and endocrine? [RMPT 2006 ]
0%
a) Liver
0%
b) Pineal
0%
c) Adrenal
0%
d) Pancreas
Explanation
Exocrine- pancreatic acini form the exocrine part. Their function us to make digestive enzymes. Endocrine- islets of Langerhans function as endocrine. They make hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Answer : (d)
Q.33
Antisterility vitamin is ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Vitamin E
0%
b) Vitamin D
0%
c) Vitamin A
0%
d) Vitamin B12
Explanation
Vitamin E is called the anti sterility vitamin. It is so called because of its property of boosting sexual health in men & women. Answer : (a)
Q.34
Diastema is toothless area between ... [ Manipal 1995 ]
0%
a) Right and left incisors
0%
b) Incisors and molars
0%
c) Premolars and molars
0%
d) Behind molars
Explanation
A "diastema" (plural "diastemata") is a space or gap between two teeth. Many species of mammals have diastemata as a normal feature, most commonly between the incisors and molars Note: In humans, the term is most commonly applied to an open space between the upper incisors (front teeth) Answer : (b)
Q.35
High cholesterol patients are advised to use [ CBSE 1996 ]
0%
a) Ghee, butter and oil
0%
b) Groudnut oil, margarine and vegetable oil
0%
c) Ghee, cheese and dalda
0%
d) Fatty oils and butter
Explanation
From a dietary perspective, plant cells do not manufacture cholesterol processed butter that may contain trans-fat and also a lot of sodium that raises your blood pressure and cholesterol levels Fatty oils are fixed oils because they do not evaporate or become volatile. They cannot be distilled without being decomposed. Chemically fatty oils are close to animal fats. Answer : (b)
Q.36
Mark the deficiency disease [DPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Leukemia
0%
b) Addison's disease
0%
c) Scurvy
0%
d) Acromegaly
Explanation
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C Answer : (c)
Q.37
During prolonged fasting ... [AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) First fats are used up, followed by carbohydrates from liver and muscles and proteins in the end
0%
b) First carbohydrates are used up, followed by fat and proteins towards end
0%
c) First lipids, followed by proteins and carbohydrates towards end.
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
During prolonged fasting first carbohydrates are used up, followed by fat and proteins towards end Answer : (b)
Q.38
Bile salt take part in ... [ AMU 2000 ]
0%
a) Digestion of carbohydrates
0%
b) Breakdown of proteins
0%
c) Emulsification of fat
0%
d) Absorption of glycerol
Explanation
Bile salt take part in emulsification of fat Answer : (c)
Q.39
Balanced diet should have ... [ AFMC 1994 ]
0%
a) Protein 1/5, fat 3/5, carbohydrate 1/5
0%
b) Protein 3/5, fat 1/5, carbohydrate 1/5
0%
c) Protein 1/2, fat 1/4, carbohydrate 1/4
0%
d) Protein 1/5, fat 1/5, carbohydrate 3/5
Explanation
if you get 2,000 calories a day, between 900 and 1,300 calories should be from carbohydrates. That translates to between 225 and 325 grams of carbohydrates a day. about 60-65% or 3/5 About 12 to 20 percent of your total daily calories should come from protein. or 1/5 About 12 to 20 percent of your total daily calories should come from fat. or 1/5 Answer : (d)
Q.40
Which one is body building material ...[MPPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) Mineral matter
0%
b) Fat
0%
c) Protein
0%
d) Sugar
Explanation
When we eat protein, our body breaks these large molecules down into smaller units called amino acids. These building blocks are used for many important functions in the body, including growth and repair of muscle, connective tissue and skin. Answer : (c)
Q.41
Which one is unrelated? [ RPMT 1996 ]
0%
a) Ca - muscle contraction
0%
b) I - thyroid
0%
c) Co - energy liberation
0%
d) Cl - Nerve conduction
Explanation
Na is related to nerve conduction not Cl Answer : (d)
Q.42
Vitamin A is produced from carotene in ..[CPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) Blood
0%
b) Skin
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Liver
Explanation
Vitamin A is structurally related to β-carotene. Beta carotene, a hydrocarbon, is one of a family of dark pigments called provitamin A β-Carotene is converted into vitamin A in the liver. Answer : (d)
Q.43
Which one does not belong to vitamin b group ..[MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Riboflavin
0%
b) Nicotinic acid
0%
c) Tocopherol
0%
d) Cyanocobalamine
Explanation
Tocopherols are a class of organic chemical compounds, many of which have vitamin E Riboflavin - Vitamin B2 Nicotinic acid – Vitamin B3 Cyanocobalamine – Vitamin B12 Answer : (c)
Q.44
Part of alimentary canal thrown up into transverse folds is .... [ AMU 2000 ]
0%
a) Rectum
0%
b) Oesophagus
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Intestine
Explanation
There are certain permanent transverse folds, of a semilunar shape, known as the transverse folds of rectum (Houston's valves). The transverse folds of rectum (or Houston's valves) are semi-lunar transverse folds of the rectal wall that protrude into the rectum, not the anal canal as that lies below the rectum. Answer : (d)
Q.45
Which one is correctly matched ...[CBSE 2001]
0%
a) Vitamin E - Tocopherol
0%
b) Vitamin D - Riboflavin
0%
c) Vitamin B - Calciferol
0%
d) Vitamin A - Thiamine
Explanation
Vitamin E is Tocopherol Calciferol – Vitamin D Thiamine – Vitamin B1 Answer : (a)
Q.46
Intestinal villi are mainly connected with ... [ BHU 1996 ]
0%
a) Assimilation
0%
b) Absorption
0%
c) Secretion
0%
d) Ultra-filtration
Explanation
R-OH + X- → R-X + OH- Answer : (b)
Q.47
Curdling of milk in small intestine would occur with the help of ...[ AIIMS 2002 ] Answer : (d)
0%
a) Rennin
0%
b) Erypsin
0%
c) Trypsin
0%
d) Chymotrypsin
Explanation
In babies curdling of milk occurs in stomach due to the presence of enzyme renin In adults curdling occurs in small intestine by chymotrypsin enzyme which coagulate milk protein casein into curd. Answer : (d)
Q.48
Number of liver lobes in ..[RPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) 4
0%
b) 5
0%
c) 6
0%
d) 7
Explanation
The liver consists of 4 distinct lobes — the left, right, caudate, and quadrate lobes. The left and right lobes are the largest lobes and are separated by the falciform ligament. Answer : (a)
Q.49
Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat due to presence of ...[Manipal 2005 ]
0%
a) Bile salts
0%
b) Bile pigments
0%
c) Enzymes
0%
d) HCl
Explanation
Bile juice helps in the digestion of fat due to presence of bile salts Answer : (a)
Q.50
Bleeding gums/softening of bones/scurvy are caused by deficiency of ... [JKMCEE 1994 ]
0%
a) A
0%
b) B
0%
c) C
0%
d) D
Explanation
Bleeding gums/softening of bones/scurvy are caused by deficiency of Vitamin C Answer : (c)
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