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Quiz 7
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Q.1
Deficiency of B12 causes ...[MPPMT 2009 ]
0%
a) Thalassaemia
0%
b) Beri-beri
0%
c) Pernicious anaemia
0%
d) Cheilosis
Explanation
Pernicious anaemia : Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, of which pernicious anemia is a type, is a disease in which not enough red blood cells are present due to a lack of vitamin B12. Answer : (c)
Q.2
One of the following movements is not completely involuntary. it is ...[KCET 2012]
0%
a) Peristalsis
0%
b) Systole ventricles
0%
c) Dialation of eye pupil
0%
d) Deglutition
Explanation
Deglutition : the action or process of swallowing. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Vomiting is related to disturbance in ...[ DPMT 2009 ]
0%
a) Stomach sometimes duodenum
0%
b) Hypothalamus
0%
c) Gastrointestinal tract
0%
d) Hapothalamus
Explanation
Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of contents of the stomach and often, the proximal small intestine. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Vitamin D discovered by ... [ Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) Mellanby
0%
b) Funk
0%
c) Buchner
0%
d) Jenner
Explanation
Sir Edward Mellanby in Great Britain discovered Vitamin D Answer : (a)
Q.5
Which one is correctly matched? [ Kerala 2006 ]
0%
a) Vitamin E - Thiamine
0%
b) Vitamin D - Riboflavin
0%
c) B12 - Cyanocobalamine
0%
d) Vitamin A - Calciferol
Explanation
Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12 Calciferol is vitamin D Answer : (c)
Q.6
Fat soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease is ...[CBSE 2007 ]
0%
a) Retinol - Xerophtalmia
0%
b) Cobalamine - Beri-beri
0%
c) Ascorbic acid - Scurvy
0%
d) Calciferol - pellagra
Explanation
Xerophthalmia is a medical condition in which the eye fails to produce tears. It may be caused by vitamin A deficiency. Retinol, also known as Vitamin A1 is a fat soluble vitamin. Answer : (a)
Q.7
Stool of an infant feeding entirely on whitish mother's milk is yellow due to ...[CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) Intestinal juice
0%
b) pancreatic juice
0%
c) Bile pigments
0%
d) Undigested milk casein
Explanation
Stool of an infant feeding entirely on whitish mother's milk is yellow due to Bile pigments Answer : (c)
Q.8
Bilirubin is formed by breakdown product of ....[MHTCET 2011 ]
0%
a) Haemoglobin
0%
b) Haemocyanin
0%
c) Haemopoietin
0%
d) Haematin
Explanation
Bilirubin, a brownish yellow pigment of bile, secreted by the liver in vertebrates, which gives to solid waste products (feces) their characteristic colour. It is produced in bone marrow cells and in the liver as the end product of red-blood-cell (hemoglobin) breakdown. Answer : (a)
Q.9
Bile secreted by liver passes into gall bladder through...[ BHU 1999 ]
0%
a) Hepatopancreatic duct
0%
b) Hepatic duct
0%
c) Cystic duct
0%
d) Hepato-gall duct
Explanation
The gallbladder acts as a storage vessel for bile produced by the liver. Bile is produced by hepatocytes cells in the liver and passes through the bile ducts to the cystic duct. From the cystic duct, bile is pushed into the gallbladder by peristalsis Answer : (c)
Q.10
Vitamin D is synthesised in skin by the action of sunlight on ....[BHU 2006]
0%
a) Cholesterol
0%
b) 7-hydroxy cholesterol
0%
c) Cephalo-cholesterol
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
When sunshine in the UV-B spectrum strikes the skin, it converts a substance in the skin called 7-dehydrocholesterol into vitamin D3 Answer : (b)
Q.11
Approximately how much large is whole digestive system in a healthy human? [ CET Chd. 2010 ]
0%
a) 3 m
0%
b) 5 m
0%
c) 7 m
0%
d) 9 m
Explanation
The digestive system -- which can be up to 30 feet (9.144 m) in length in adults -- is usually divided into eight parts: the mouth, the esophagus, the stomach, the small intestine (or "small bowel") and the large intestine (also called "large bowel" or "colon") Answer : (c)
Q.12
Most harmful anaemia is ..[WB2007]
0%
a) Microcytic
0%
b) Macrocytic
0%
c) Pernicious
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
The term “pernicious” means “deadly.” The condition is called pernicious anemia because it often was fatal in the past, before vitamin B12 treatments were available. Pernicious anemia is a condition in which the body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it doesn't have enough vitamin B12. Answer : (c)
Q.13
In jejunum, enzyme required for digestion of amino acid containing compounds is ...[ Guj CET 2009 ]
0%
a) Trypsin
0%
b) Pepsin
0%
c) Peptidase
0%
d) Chymotrypsin
Explanation
Peptidase, also called protease or proteinase,an enzyme which breaks down peptides into amino acids. It is a type of enzyme that helps to break down proteins in the body. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Common ingredients in secretion of salivary and Brunner's glands having role in growth repair and regeneration is ... [ AMU 2009 ]
0%
a) Neurotensin
0%
b) Somatostatin
0%
c) Urogastrone
0%
d) Enterogastrone
Explanation
Gamma Urogastrone. Human epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a polypeptide growth hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of growth, proliferation, and differentiation of a wide range of cells by binding to EGF receptors. Urogastrone secreted by the submandibular salivary glands, duodenal Brunner's glands, small intestinal Paneth cells, and other exocrine glands including the pancreas Answer : (c)
Q.15
Thecodont, diphyodont and heterodont teeth are characteristic of ... [ Bih PMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Reptiles
0%
b) Aves
0%
c) Mammals/ man
0%
d) Amphibians
Explanation
human teeth have all of these characteristic that’s why their dentition refers to as thecodont, heterodont and diphyodont. Thecodont dentition is an arrangement in which the base of the tooth is completely enclosed in a deep socket of bone is the characteristic of mammalian teeth as seen in humans Diphyodont dentition is a characteristic of mammals in which milk teeth appear in the young ones but as they grow and jaw becomes larger, milk teeth are replaced by larger permanent ones to fit in the larger jaw bone. Heterodont dentition occurs in mammals in which there are 4 functionally different types of teeth, namely, flat incisors for cutting, long and pointed canines for tearing flesh and large and broad premolars and molars with flat grinding surface. Answer : (c)
Q.16
It is not a function of liver ..[ DPMT 2008 ]
0%
a) Production of bile
0%
b) Glycogen storage
0%
c) Production of insulin
0%
d) Detoxification
Explanation
Insulin is produced in the pancreas and the Brockmann body (in some fish), and released when any of several stimuli are detected. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Contraction of muscle and contraction of nerve require .... [ BHU 1997 ]
0%
a) Na+ and K+
0%
b) K+ and Mg2+
0%
c) Ca2+
0%
d) Ca2+ and K+
Explanation
A cross-bridge forms between actin and the myosin heads triggering contraction. As long as Ca++ ions remain in the sarcoplasm to bind to troponin, and as long as ATP is available, the muscle fiber will continue to shorten. Relaxation of a Muscle Fiber: Ca++ ions are pumped back into the SR, which causes the tropomyosin to reshield the binding sites on the actin strands. A muscle may also stop contracting when it runs out of ATP and becomes fatigued. Answer : (c)
Q.18
Crown of teeth is covered by ....[AFMC 2005 ]
0%
a) Cementum
0%
b) Dentine
0%
c) Enamel
0%
d) Both B and C
Explanation
crown refers to the anatomical area of teeth, usually covered by enamel. Enamel is the hardest substance in vertebrate body. It is ectodermal in origin and produced by ameloblasts Answer : (c)
Q.19
Amount of bilirubin in icterus/jaundice would be ...[ Manipal 2002 ]
0%
a) 20 ml/L
0%
b) 0.2 mg/L
0%
c) 1-2 mg/L
0%
d) 2-3 mg/L
Explanation
Levels of bilirubin in blood are normally below 1.0 mg/dL (17 µmol/L) and levels over 2–3 mg/dL (34-51 µmol/L) typically results in jaundice Answer : (d)
Q.20
match the columns .... (Guj CET 2008 )
a) Retinol
i) Inhibits oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids
b) Tocopherol
ii) Absorption of ca
2+
c) Calciferol
iii) Essential for maintenance of epithelial tissue
d) Menadione
iv) Helps in clotting of blood
e) Ascorbic acid
v) Required for amino acid metabolism
0%
a) a - iii; b - i; c - ii; d - iv; e - v
0%
b) a - iii; b - ii; c - iv; d - v; e - i
0%
c) a - iv; b - i; c - ii; d - iii; e - v
0%
d) a - ii; b - iii; c - i; d - iv; e - v
Explanation
Retinol (Vitamin A) is required for growth and reproduction of the skin, and differentiation of epithelial tissue. a- iii Tocopherol Inhibits oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids b-i Vitamin D (calciferol), which comprises a group of fat soluble seco-sterols that are found in very few foods naturally, is photosynthesized in the skin of vertebrates, helps in absorption of Ca2+ c-ii Menadione promotes the hepatic biosynthesis of blood clotting factors. d-iv Ascorbic acid is involved in the metabolism of several amino acids, leading to the formation of hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, norepinephrine, serotonin, homogenistic acid, and carnitine e-v Answer : (a)
Q.21
Normal functioning of sex glands is regulated by ...[Pb. PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Tocopherol
0%
b) Calciferol
0%
c) Phylloquinone
0%
d) Pyridoxine
Explanation
The gonads are bifunctional organs that produce germ cells and the sex hormones. Their functions are controlled by tocopherol (vitamin E), which is essential for proper spermatogenesis, pregnancy, and lactation. Tocopherol is also responsible for proper muscular function. Answer : (a)
Q.22
Digestive enzyme not found in humanp pancreatic juice is ...[kerala 2006 ]
0%
a) Nuclease
0%
b) Nucleotidase
0%
c) Trypsin
0%
d) lipase
Explanation
Enzymes secreted by the intestinal cells include intestinal lipase, amino peptidase, dipeptidase, nucleotidase, nucleosidase, and enterokinase. Answer : (b)
Q.23
Which is different? [ BHU 1999 ]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Secretin
0%
c) Ptyalin
0%
d) Glucagon
Explanation
Ptyalin enzyme is an amylase enzyme produced by the salivary glands While Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. Gastrin is a hormone produced by the stomach, Secretina hormone released into the bloodstream by the duodenum (especially in response to acidity) to stimulate secretion by the liver and pancreas Answer : (c)
Q.24
Back flow of faecal matter from large intestine is prevented by ...[kerala 2011 ]
0%
a) Epiglottis
0%
b) Sphincter of Oddi
0%
c) Ileocecal valve
0%
d) Pyloric sphincter
Explanation
The function of the Ileocecal valve is to prevent the waste material in the large intestine from refluxing back into the ileum. Answer : (c)
Q.25
ion Q39) Basic stimuli important in pancreatic secretion is/are:
0%
a) Acetylcholine
0%
b) Cholecystokinin
0%
c) Secretin
0%
d) All of these.
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.26
A person suffering from deficiency of visual pigment rhodopsin is advised to take ...
0%
a) Guava and ripe Banana
0%
b) Radish and Potato
0%
c) Apple and Grapes
0%
d) Carrot and ripe Papaya
Explanation
Rhodopsin is pigmented molecule derived from vitamin A. Carrot and ripe Papaya are source of vitamin A Answer : (d)
Q.27
In mammals a significant initial role in the digestion of milk is played by ....[ AFMC 2007 ]
0%
a) Amylase
0%
b) Intestinal bacteria
0%
c) Rennin
0%
d) Invertase
Explanation
Chymosin, known also as rennin, is a proteolytic enzyme related to pepsin that synthesized by chief cells in the stomach of some animals. Its role in digestion is to curdle or coagulate milk in the stomach, a process of considerable importance in the very young animal. Answer : (c)
Q.28
Peptic cells secrete ...[Pb PMT 2007]
0%
a) HCl
0%
b) Gastrin
0%
c) Cholecystokinin
0%
d) Pepsinogen
Explanation
The gastric chief cell (also known as a zymogenic cell or peptic cell) is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin. Answer : (d)
Q.29
Stomach of Camel is devoid of ... [ Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) Rumen
0%
b) Abomasum
0%
c) Reticulum
0%
d) Omasum
Explanation
The omasum, also known as the bible, the fardel, the manyplies and the psalterium, is the third compartment of the stomach in ruminants. Answer : (d)
Q.30
Vitamin nicotinamide can be synthesised in our body from ...[AIIMS 2002 ]
0%
a) Tyrosine
0%
b) Tryptophan
0%
c) Valine
0%
d) Phenylalanine
Explanation
The vitamin nicotinamide is synthesized in the liver from tryptophan, Answer : (b)
Q.31
Which one is an antioxidant .... [ Pb PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Vitamin B
0%
b) Vitamin C
0%
c) Vitamin K and iron
0%
d) Vitamin E, C and A
Explanation
Vitamin E, C and A are antioxidant Answer : (d)
Q.32
Diastema is associated with ....[Har. PMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Organ of Corti
0%
b) Absence of certain teeth
0%
c) Retinal cells
0%
d) Presence of teeth
Explanation
Diastema is associated with absence of certain teeth A diastema (plural diastemata) is a space or gap between two teeth. Many species of mammals have diastemata as a normal feature, most commonly between the incisors and molars. Answer : (b)
Q.33
Mucosal layer of stomach has irregular folds known as ...[kerala 2011 ]
0%
a) Villi
0%
b) Rugae
0%
c) lacteals
0%
d) Lumen
Explanation
The inner layer of the stomach is full of wrinkles known as rugae (or gastric folds). Rugae both allow the stomach to stretch in order to accommodate large meals and help to grip and move food during digestion. Answer : (b)
Q.34
Diastema is associated with ...[har PMT2007 ]
0%
a) Organ of corti
0%
b) Absence of certain teeth
0%
c) Retinal cells
0%
d) Presence of teeth
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.35
In which animal both intracellular and intercellular digestion occurs [ Guj CET 2010 ]
0%
a) Hydra
0%
b) Earthworm
0%
c) Nematode
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.36
Thin limb, oedema and diarrhoea develop due to protein deficiency in ...[Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) Marasmus
0%
b) Kwashiorkor
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Xerophthalmia
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.37
Blood of an anaemic patient has large immature nucleated erythrocytes without haemoglobin. His diet should be supplemented with ...[AFMC 2008]
0%
a) Folic acid and cobalamin
0%
b) Thiamine
0%
c) Iron compounds
0%
d) Riboflavin
Explanation
Taking iron supplement pills and getting enough iron in food correct most cases of iron deficiency anemia. The most common cause is deficiency of iron which is an essential element of haemoglobin molecule. Deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamine) and folate can result in megaloblastic anaemia. This type of anaemina may be accompanied with ineffective erythropoiesis. Neurological abnormalities are peculiar symptom of the disease. The vitamins are intertwined biochemically so that the final common pathway that impairs DNA synthesis in hematopoietic cells. Megaloblastic anemia is an anemia (of macrocytic classification) that results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production Answer : (c)
Q.38
Daily energy requirement for a moderately active man would be ... [ Manipal 2002 ]
0%
a) 3.14 kcal
0%
b) 31.6 kcal
0%
c) 3160 kcal
0%
d) 31600 kcal
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.39
Which of the following has minimum pH... [ AIIMS 2002 ]
0%
a) Bile
0%
b) Pancreatic juice
0%
c) Saliva
0%
d) Gastric juice
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.40
Trypsinogen is produced by .... [ BHU 1999 ]
0%
a) Liver
0%
b) Duodenum
0%
c) Stomach
0%
d) Pancreas
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.41
Which pair is essential for growth of fish? [BHU 2005 ]
0%
a) Nitrates and sulphates
0%
b) Sulphates and carbonates
0%
c) Phosphates and carbonates
0%
d) Calcium and phosphorus
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.42
Match the columns and pick the correct options
Column I
Column II
a) Glycogenesis
p) Conversion glycogen to glucose
b) Glycosuria
q) formation of glycogen from sugar.
c) Gluconeogenesis
r) Passage of glucose in urine
d) Glycogenolysis
s)generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate
0%
a) a - p, b - q, c - r, d - s
0%
b) a - q, b - r, c - s, d - p
0%
c) a - p, b - p, c - r, d - s
0%
d) a - p, b - t, c - q, d - s
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.43
As breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories, infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from ...[ CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) Rickets
0%
b) Marasmus
0%
c) Kwashiorkor
0%
d) Pellagra
Explanation
Marasmus occurs in children that don't ingest enough protein, calories, carbohydrates, and other important nutrients. Answer : (b)
Q.44
Optimum pH for enzyme trypsin is .... [ Kerala 2000 ]
0%
a) 5.9
0%
b) 4.6
0%
c) 8.5
0%
d) 7.0
Explanation
Pepsin works in the highly acidic conditions of the stomach. It has an optimum pH of about 1.5. On the other hand, trypsin works in the small intestine, parts of which have a pH of around 7.5. Trypsin's optimum pH is about 8. Answer : (c)
Q.45
Boa's point is associated with ..[ AMU 2002 ]
0%
a) Liver cirrhosis
0%
b) Tuberculosis
0%
c) Nephritis
0%
d) Gastric ulcer
Explanation
Boas' point is an area of tenderness to palpation to the left of the 12th thoracic vertebra found in some patients with gastric ulcer. Answer : (d)
Q.46
HCl of gastric juice .. [ KCET 2002 ]
0%
a) Inactivates ptyalin and activate pepsin
0%
b) Activate ptyalin and inactivate pepsin
0%
c) inactivates both ptyalin and pepsin
0%
d) Activates both ptyalin and pepsin
Explanation
The parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl), which lowers the pH of the gastric juice (water + enzymes + acid). The HCl inactivates salivary amylase (ptyalin) and catalyzes the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin. Answer : (a)
Q.47
Gastrin is secreted by ... [WB 2011 ]
0%
a) Intestine
0%
b) Stomach
0%
c) Pancreas
0%
d) Rectum
Explanation
Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas. Answer : (b)
Q.48
Valves of Kerckring occur in ...[ Manipal 2002 ]
0%
a) Between right auricle and right ventricle
0%
b) Left auricle and left ventricle
0%
c) Stomach and duodenum
0%
d) Intestine
Explanation
The circular folds (valves of Kerckring) (also, plicae circulares / valvulae conniventes) are large valvular flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine. Answer : (d)
Q.49
Chyme of a person who has consumed only starch will show the presence of ..[KCET 2002 ]
0%
a) Maltose and glucose
0%
b) Dextron and maltose
0%
c) Starch, dextrin and maltose
0%
d) Starch, dextrin and glucose
Explanation
Chyme, a thick semifluid mass of partially digested food and digestive secretions that is formed in the stomach and intestine during digestion. Starch will be fully digested thus will have only Dextron and maltose. There is no maltase, sucrase or lactase enzyme so starch or glycogen do not convert into glucose. Answer : (b)
Q.50
Enterokinase is .... [ BHU 1997 ]
0%
a) Pancreatic hormone
0%
b) Intestinal hormone
0%
c) Pancreatic enzyme
0%
d) Component of intestinal juice
Explanation
enterokinase (also called enteropeptidase) is an enzyme produced by cells of the duodenum and involved in human and animal digestion. It is a component of intestinal juce Answer : (d)
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