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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 8
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Q.1
Pepsinogen is activated by ...[ Odisha 1997 ]
0%
a) Chymotrypsin
0%
b) Trypsin
0%
c) HCl
0%
d) Pepsin
Explanation
Pepsinogen is activated by HCl Pepsin is expressed as a zymogen called pepsinogen, whose primary structure has an additional 44 amino acids. In the stomach, chief cells release pepsinogen. This zymogen is activated by hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is released from parietal cells in the stomach lining. Answer : (c)
Q.2
Number of milk teeth found in humans is ...[ kerala 2006 ]
0%
a) 32
0%
b) 20
0%
c) 52
0%
d) 12
Explanation
Humans usually have 20 primary (deciduous, "baby" or "milk") teeth and 32 permanent (adult) teeth. Teeth are classified as incisors, canines, premolars (also called bicuspids), and molars. Answer : (b)
Q.3
Which are all proteolytic enzymes ...[Odisha 2010 ]
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a) Ptyalin, trypsin, pepsin
0%
b) Lipase, erepsin, trypsin
0%
c) Rennin, trypsin, pepsin
0%
d) Pepsin, nuclease, nucleotidase
Explanation
Proteolytic enzyme - any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis Papain, Ficain, Bromelain, Pepsin, Chymosin (rennin), Cathepsin, Trypsin,Erepsin are examples of Proteolytic enzyme Answer : (c)
Q.4
on Q361) Weight of human liver is .... [KCET 1999 ]
0%
a) 6.0 kg
0%
b) 5.0 kg
0%
c) 3.0 kg
0%
d) 1.5 kg
Explanation
A human liver normally weighs approximately 1.5 kg (3.3 lb), and has a width of about 15 cm (6 in). Answer : (d)
Q.5
A pancreatic secretion is ...[Odisha 2012 ]
0%
a) α-Dextrin
0%
b) Pepsin
0%
c) Amylase
0%
d) Dipeptidase
Explanation
alpha-amylase called ptyalin is produced by the salivary glands Pancreatic amylase is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine. Answer : (c)
Q.6
Pungent odour of faeces is due to ... [MPPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Indole
0%
b) Scatole
0%
c) Phenol and hydrogen sulfide
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
The distinctive odor of feces is due to bacterial action. Gut flora produces compounds such as indole, skatole, and thiols (sulfur-containing compounds), as well as the inorganic gas hydrogen sulfide. These are the same compounds responsible for the odor of flatulence. Answer : (d)
Q.7
Hormonal induction of succus entericus is due to ... [ RPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Secretin
0%
b) Secretin and cholecystokinin
0%
c) Insulin
0%
d) Glucagon
Explanation
Secretin, cholecystokinin and other hormones extracted from small intestine stimulate intestinal secretion mainly CCK (cholecystokinin) and secretin Answer : (b)
Q.8
Gastro-intestinal hormone that stimulates insulin secretion is ....[AMU 2010]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Secretin
0%
c) GIP
0%
d) CCK
Explanation
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) is a member of the secretin family of hormones. GIP, along with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), belongs to a class of molecules referred to as incretins. The function of GIP is to induce insulin secretion, which is primarily stimulated by hyperosmolarity of glucose in the duodenum. Answer : (c)
Q.9
Which ones are lophodont .... [ AIIMS 2002 ]
0%
a)Incisors and canines
0%
b)Canines and premolars
0%
c) Premolars and molars
0%
d) Incisors and premolars
Explanation
lophodont :having or constituting molar teeth with transverse ridges on the grinding surface Answer : (c)
Q.10
Hyperacidity results due to ....
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a) Excess secretion of HCl
0%
b) Excess eating
0%
c) Excess secretion of H2SO4
0%
d) Intake of less water
Explanation
Hyperacidity results due to excess secretion of HCl Answer : (a)
Q.11
Macrophage nutrition occurs is ...[ kerala 2006 ]
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a) Amphioxus
0%
b) Hydra
0%
c) Euglena
0%
d) Paramaecium
Explanation
A macrophage is a type of phagocyte, which is a cell responsible for detecting, engulfing and destroying pathogens and apoptotic cells. Paramecia feed on microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts. Answer : (d)
Q.12
Which one is not a vitamin deficiency disease ...[CPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) Addison's disease
0%
b) Keratomalacia
0%
c) Goiter
0%
d) Xerophthalmia
Explanation
lack of dietary iodine is the main cause of goiters Answer : (c)
Q.13
Which of the following statement is correct...[CPMT 2010 ]
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a) Argentaffin cells produce serotonin
0%
b) Villikinin is secreted by large intestine
0%
c) In cheilosis, deficient nutrient is Nicotinamide
0%
d) Bleeding disease occurs due to deficiency of vitamin E
Explanation
serotonin diffuses out of the argentaffin cells into the walls of the digestive tract, Statement (a) correct Answer : (a)
Q.14
Alimentary canal of herbivorous animal is ....[ Odisha 2006 ]
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a) Short
0%
b) Long
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c) Wide
0%
d) Thin
Explanation
Alimentary canal of herbivorous animal is long because plant matter is difficult to digest because the nutitious parts of the plant are inside the plant cells Answer : (b)
Q.15
Which is absorbed in ileum? [ CPMT 2009 ]
0%
a) Vitamin K
0%
b) Bile salt
0%
c) Fat
0%
d) Glucose
Explanation
Correct
Q.16
Bicarbonate ions are released in exchange of chloride ions in ileum from ...[Odisha 2002 ]
0%
a) Villi
0%
b) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
0%
c) Brush border cell
0%
d) Valvulae conniventes /plicae circulares
Explanation
Microvilli are microscopic and can only be seen with a very powerful microscope, also called as Brush border cell The mechanisms responsible for the solute transport across the Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) are secondary to several transport proteins located at the brush border membranes of the small and large intestine. The net fluid movement across the gastrointestinal epithelium is primarily the result of active transport of Na+, Cl−, and HCO3−, among others. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Contraction of gall bladder is induced by .... [ CBSE 1998 ]
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a) Gastrin
0%
b) Cholecystokinin
0%
c) Secretin
0%
d) Enterogastrone
Explanation
Cholecystokinin plays a key role in facilitating digestion within the small intestine. It is secreted from mucosal epithelial cells in the first segment of the small intestine (duodenum), and stimulates delivery into the small intestine of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Both intracellular and extracellular digestion occur in .... [ Guj CET 2009 ]
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a) Planaria
0%
b) Earthworm
0%
c) Paramecium
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
The mouth is located in the center of the underside of the body. Digestive enzymes are secreted from the mouth to begin external digestion. The pharynx connects the mouth to the gastrovascular cavity. This structure branches throughout the body allowing nutrients from food to reach all extremities. Planaria eat living or dead small animals that they suck up with their muscular mouths. Food passes from the mouth through the pharynx into the intestines where it is digested by the cells lining the intestines. Answer : (a)
Q.19
Gastrin is .... [BHU 1999 ]
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a) Hormone
0%
b) Enzyme
0%
c) Nutrient
0%
d) Digestive secretion
Explanation
Gastrin is a peptide hormon. Its release is stimulated by peptides in the lumen of the stomach. Answer : (a)
Q.20
What is common among amylase, renin and trypsin? CBSE 1997 ]
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a) All proteins
0%
b) Proteolytic enzymes
0%
c) Produced in stomach
0%
d) Act at pH lower than 7
Explanation
amylase, renin and trypsin all are protein Answer : (a)
Q.21
Kwashiorkor, a disorder of children, is due to ... [ Odisha 2007 ]
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a) Protein/ essential amino acid deficiency
0%
b) Carbohydrate deficiency
0%
c) Genetic problem
0%
d) Vitamin deficiency
Explanation
Kwashiorkor is protein/ essential amino acid deficiency Answer : (a)
Q.22
Nonpathogenic bacterium present in large intestine is ...[AFMC 2009 ]
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a) Staphyococcus aureus
0%
b) Escherichia coli
0%
c) Helicobacter pylori
0%
d) Leptospira interogans
Explanation
Escherichia coli locates in human large intestines Answer : (b)
Q.23
pH of saliva is ...[Odisha 2006 ]
0%
a) 9.5
0%
b) 8.0
0%
c) 7.0
0%
d) 6.7
Explanation
Saliva has a pH normal range of 6.2-7.6 with 6.7 being the average pH. Answer : (d)
Q.24
End product of protein digestion is ....[Har PMT 2005 ]
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a) Sugar
0%
b) Nucleotide
0%
c) Glucose
0%
d) Amino acid
Explanation
The end product of protein digestion is amino acids. Once consumed, proteins are digested and broken down into amino acids by enzymes. Answer : (d)
Q.25
Identify the correct set produced in the stomach ,pepsin help in digestion casein
0%
a) Ptyalin - intestine - maltose
0%
b) pepsin - stomach wall - casein
0%
c) Chymotrypsin - salivary glands - lactose
0%
d) Ptyalin - pancreas - lipid
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.26
Total number of canines in permanent dental set of human is ..[KCET 2002 ]
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a) 4
0%
b) 6
0%
c) 2
0%
d) 12
Explanation
A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13: • Incisors (8 total): The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws. • Canines (4 total): The pointed teeth just outside the incisors. • Premolars (8 total): Teeth between the canines and molars. • Molars (8 total): Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food. • Wisdom teeth or third molars (4 total): These teeth erupt at around age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth. Answer : (a)
Q.27
Enzyme lactase occurs in .... [ MPPMT 2000 ]
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a) Saliva
0%
b) Pancreatic juice
0%
c) Intestinal juice
0%
d) Stomach
Explanation
Lactase, also called lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, enzyme found in the small intestine of mammals that catalyzes the breakdown of lactose (milk sugar) into the simple sugars glucose and galactose Answer : (c)
Q.28
Tusk of elephant are ...[CMC 2002 ]
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a) Upper canines
0%
b) Upper incisors
0%
c) Lower incisors
0%
d) Lower canines
Explanation
Tusk of elephant are Upper incisors Tusk of warthogs, pigs, and walruses are Upper canines Answer : (b)
Q.29
Food bolus after passing through alkaline medium in the alimentary canal is ....[Odisha 2006 ]
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a) Chylomicron
0%
b) Chyme
0%
c) Chyle
0%
d) Fat body
Explanation
Chyle a milky fluid containing emulsified fat and other products of digestion, formed from the chyme in the small intestine Answer : (c)
Q.30
on Q133) Surgical removal of appendix is called:
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a) Appendectomy
0%
b) Adenectomy
0%
c) Arthrectomy
0%
d) Apicoectomy
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.31
Argentaffin cells occur in ... [CPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Duodenum
0%
b) Stomach
0%
c) Ileum
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Argentaffin cell are epithelial cells, though common throughout the digestive tract, are most concentrated in the small intestine and appendix. Thus options are not proper Answer : (d)
Q.32
Saliva contains enzyme .... [ AMU 1999 ]
0%
a) Enterokinase
0%
b) Ptyalin/amylase
0%
c) Chymotrypsin
0%
d) Lipase
Explanation
Saliva contains enzyme ptyalin/amylase Answer : (b)
Q.33
Which is true about digestion and absorption of food? [ CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) 60% starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase
0%
b) Oxyntic cells secrete pepsinogen
0%
c) Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles passed in intestine into blood capillaries
0%
d) Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+
Explanation
Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+ in microvilli or brush cells Answer : (d)
Q.34
Secretion of hormones cholecystokinin is for ....[Pb. PMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Controlling blood pressure
0%
b) Inducing peristalsis
0%
c) Bile functions
0%
d) Release of insulin
Explanation
stimulates delivery into the small intestine of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder Answer : (c)
Q.35
On removal of pancreas, the compound which remains undigested is ....[CBSE 1997 ]
0%
a) Lactose
0%
b) Carbohydrate
0%
c) Fat
0%
d) Protein
Explanation
The pancreatic juice contains enzymes that complete the digestion of starch called pancreatic amylase. It also contains pancreatic enzymes that complete the digestion of protein called trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase. Answer : (d)
Q.36
Maximum energy is available on complete oxidation of ...[CET Chd. 2001 ]
0%
a) Glucose
0%
b) Fat
0%
c) Protein
0%
d) Organic acid
Explanation
Standard caloric values for macronutrients are: Carbohydrates: 4.1 kcal/g Protein: 5.6 kcal/g (but in the body is only 4.1 kcal/g due to incomplete oxidation) Fat: 9.3 kcal/g Ethanol: 7 kcal/g Answer : (b)
Q.37
Rickets can be prevented by taking .... [MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Calciferol
0%
b) Carrots
0%
c) Oranges
0%
d) Green vegetables
Explanation
Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children, usually because of an extreme and prolonged vitamin D deficiency , Calciferol is vitamin D Answer : (a)
Q.38
Vitamin D is synthesised by body from ... [CMC 2002 ]
0%
a) LDL cholesterol
0%
b) HDL cholesterol
0%
c) Triglycerides
0%
d) Cellulose
Explanation
Vitamin D is linked to HDL cholesterol because we need cholesterol in our skins cells to make vitamin D from sunlight. Answer : (b)
Q.39
Which enzyme initiates protein digestion? [ MPPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Pepsin
0%
b) Trypsin
0%
c) Aminopeptidase
0%
d) Carboxypeptidase
Explanation
Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. Trypsin. An activated serine amino acid in trypsin cleaves protein chains. Aminopeptidases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of amino acids from the amino terminus (N-terminus) of proteins or peptides Carboxypeptidase is a protease enzyme that hydrolyzes (cleaves) a peptide bond at the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) end of a protein or peptide. Answer : (a)
Q.40
In human beings cellulose is digested by ... [ KCET 1999 ]
0%
a) Enzymes
0%
b) Symbiotic bacteria
0%
c) Symbiotic protozoans
0%
d) None of above
Explanation
Humans are unable to digest cellulose because the appropriate enzymes to breakdown the cellulose are lacking. Some ruminants like cows and sheep contain certain symbiotic anaerobic bacteria (like Cellulomonas) in the flora of the rumen, and these bacteria produce enzymes called cellulases that help the microorganism to digest cellulose; the breakdown products are then used by the bacteria for proliferation. Answer : (d)
Q.41
Hormone that stimulates stomach to secrete gastric juice is ....[CBSE 1998 ]
0%
a) Gastrin
0%
b) Cholecystokinin
0%
c) Secretin
0%
d) Enterogastrone
Explanation
Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility Answer : (d)
Q.42
Which is true about digestion and absorption of food? ...[CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) 60% starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase
0%
b) Oxyntic cells secrete pepsinogen
0%
c) Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles passed in intestine into blood capillaries
0%
d) Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+
Explanation
Oxyntic cells (also known as Parietal or delomorphous cells), are the epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. Chylomicron: A small fat globule composed of protein and lipid (fat). Fructose and amino acids are absorbed in intestine with the help of carrier ions of Na+ Answer : (d)
Q.43
Niacin deficiency produces ...[DPMT 2003 ]
0%
a) Scurvy
0%
b) marasmus
0%
c) Pellagra
0%
d) Osteomalacia
Explanation
Pellagra is a disease characterised by diarrhoea, dermatitis and dementia. If left untreated, death is the usual outcome. It occurs as a result of niacin (vitamin B-3) deficiency Answer : (c)
Q.44
Which one of the vitamins can be synthesis by gut bacteria? [ JIPMET 2000 ]
0%
a) K
0%
b) B1
0%
c) D
0%
d) C
Explanation
There are two sources of this essential vitamin, including vitamin K1, or phylloquinone which is primarily found in green leafy vegetables and vitamin K2 or menaquinone which is synthesized by certain intestinal bacteria. Answer : (a)
Q.45
Dentine is produced by ...[Odisha 2006 ] c) Chondroblasts
0%
a) Osteoblasts
0%
b) Odontoblasts
0%
d) Ameloblasts.
0%
Explanation
Explanation
The formation of dentin, known as dentinogenesis, begins prior to the formation of enamel and is initiated by the odontoblasts of the pulp. Answer : (b)
Q.46
Which is correct about diastema ....[Odisha 2010 ]
0%
a) Gap between nerves
0%
b) Gap between cells
0%
c) Gap between bones
0%
d) Gap between the teeth
Explanation
A diastema (plural diastemata) is a space or gap between two teeth. Answer : (d)
Q.47
Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted by... [ CBSE 2004 ]
0%
a) Ileum
0%
b) Oesophagus
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Pyloric stomach
Explanation
Cholecystokinin (CCK), a digestive hormone released with secretin when food from the stomach reaches the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). Answer : (c)
Q.48
Wall of stomach is protected against action of HCl by .....[JKCMEE 2010 ]
0%
a) Epidermal layer
0%
b) Mesodermal layer
0%
c) Mucus layer
0%
d) Amuscular layer
Explanation
Wall of stomach is protected against action of HCl by Mucus layer Answer : (c)
Q.49
Which is not a disorder of digestive system ...[HPPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) Emphysema
0%
b) Jaundice
0%
c) Constipation
0%
d) Vomiting
Explanation
Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath Answer : (a)
Q.50
Bile salt activate enzyme ...[WB 2010 ]
0%
a) Pepsinogen
0%
b) Trypsinogen
0%
c) Lipase
0%
d) Pancreatic amylase
Explanation
The digestive enzyme, pancreatic lipase, is water soluble and can only work at the surface of fat globules. Bile salts and phospholipids are amphipathic(having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts) molecules that are present in the bile produces fat globules Answer : (c)
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