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Digestion And Absorption Mcq
Quiz 9
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Q.1
Green colour of bile us due to ....
0%
a) Biliverdin
0%
b) Sodium taurocholate
0%
c) sodium glycogen
0%
d) Bilirubin
Explanation
Bile is green because it contains the green pigment biliverdin, which is formed by a breakdown of hemoglobin Answer : (a)
Q.2
Angiotensinogen is protein secreted by ... [ CBSE 2006]
0%
a) Juxtaglomerular cells
0%
b) Macula densa cells
0%
c) Endothelial cells
0%
d) Liver cells
Explanation
Angiotensinogen (AGT) is an α-2-globulin produced constitutively and released into the circulation mainly by the liver Answer : (d)
Q.3
Ileum is characterised by ....
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a) Brunner's glands and finger like villi
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b) Club-shaped villi and Peyer's patches
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c) Brunner's galnds and Club-shaped villi
0%
d) Peyer's glands and Brunner's gland
Explanation
Club-shaped villi and Peyer's patches are found Ileum Answer : (b)
Q.4
Cholecystokinin stimulates
0%
a) Gall bladder
0%
b) Pancreas
0%
c) Liver
0%
d) Testis
Explanation
Cholecystokinin (CCK), a digestive hormone released with secretin when food from the stomach reaches the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It stimulates delivery into the small intestine of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder. Answer : (a,b)
Q.5
Function of vitamin K is ....
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a) Blood clotting
0%
b) Sugar metabolism
0%
c) Regulation of respiration
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d) Regulation of calcium and phosphate
Explanation
Function of vitamin K is Blood clotting Answer : (a)
Q.6
It is not absorbed in absence of carrier molecule ...[Guj CET 2008 ]
0%
a) Cholesterol
0%
b) fructose
0%
c) Fatty acid
0%
d) Monoglyceride
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.7
What will help in protein digestion in stomach? [ BHU 2008]
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a) Pepsin
0%
b) Trypsin
0%
c) Ptyalin
0%
d) Rennin
Explanation
Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (that is, a protease). It is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes Answer : (a)
Q.8
What is correct about the statements? Statement A : Blood sugar level falls rapidly after hepatectomy Statement B : Glycogen of liver is principal source of blood sugar .... {KCET 2009 ]
0%
a) Statement A and B correct with B being reason of A
0%
b) Statement A is correct but B is wrong
0%
c) Statement A is wrong but B is correct
0%
d) Both correct but B is not reason of A
Explanation
Polysaccharides in the carbohydrate food is main source of blood sugar Glycogen is mainly stored in the liver and the muscles and provides the body with a readily available source of energy if blood glucose levels decrease. Thus Statement B is wrong Answer : (b)
Q.9
Match the columns and choose the correct option
Column I
Column II
i) Goblet cells
a) Antibacterial agent
ii) Lysozyme
b) Mucus
iii) Saliva
c) HCl
iv) Oxyntic cells
d) Sublingual gland
0%
a) i - b ; ii - a; iii - d; iv - c
0%
b) i - c ; ii - a; iii - d; iv - b
0%
c) i - a ; ii - c; iii - d; iv - b
0%
d) i - b ; ii - c; iii - a; iv - d
Explanation
goblet cells is to secrete mucus in order to protect the mucous membranes where they are found i-b Bacterial cell walls contain a layer of peptidoglycan, which is the specific site that lysozyme targets. ii -a sublingual glands secrete a saliva iii-d Oxyntic cells secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) iv-c Answer : (a)
Q.10
Osteomalacia is deficiency disease of .... [ WB 2011 ]
0%
a) infants due to protein -energy malnutrition
0%
b) Adults due to protein - energy malnutrition
0%
c) Adults due to vitamin D deficiency
0%
d) Infants due to vitamin K deficiency
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.11
Which of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin....[Bih PMT 2011 ]
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a) Vitamin B-complex
0%
b) Vitamin D
0%
c) Vitamin E
0%
d) Vitamin A
Explanation
Vitamins A, D, E, and K dissolve in organic solvents whereas the B vitamins and vitamin C dissolve in water. Answer : (a)
Q.12
main cation of extra cellular fluid is ...
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a) Iron
0%
b) Potassium
0%
c) Calcium
0%
d) Sodium
Explanation
Within the extracellular fluid, the major cation is sodium and the major anion is chloride. The major cation in the intracellular fluid is potassium. Answer : (d)
Q.13
Secretory glands occur in the gut layer ...[Guj CET 2008 ]
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a) Serosa
0%
b) Muscularis
0%
c) Mucosa
0%
d) Submucosa
Explanation
The glands themselves are in the lamina propria of the mucous membrane and they open into the bases of the gastric pits formed by the epithelium. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Point out the wrong enzymatic reaction ....
0%
a)
0%
b)
0%
c)
0%
d)
Explanation
Lactase to break down lactose into two smaller particles called glucose and galactose. Answer : (b)
Q.15
Production of gastro-intestinal secretions and movement soon after ingestion of food are brought about by
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a) Central nervous system
0%
b) Sympathetic nervous system
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c) Hormones
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d) Parasympathetic nervous system
Explanation
The PNS is responsible for stimulating digestion by increasing blood flow to the digestive tract. Parasympathetic system conserves energy as it slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract Answer : (d)
Q.16
What will happen if secretion of parietal cell of gastric glands is blocked? [ CBSE 2008 ]
0%
a) Gastric juice is deficient of pepsinogen
0%
b) Gastric juice is deficient of chymosin
0%
c) Deficiency of HCl leads to non-conversion of inactive pepsinogen into active pepsin
0%
d) Non release of enterokinase from duodenal Secretion decreases blood sugar level
Explanation
Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic or delomorphous cells), are the epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Which one is not correctly matched ....[CBSE 2004 ]
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a) B12 - Pernicious anaemia
0%
b) Vitamin B6 - Loss of appetite
0%
c) B1 - Beri-beri
0%
d) B2 - Pellagra
Explanation
vitamin B-3 deficiency causes Pellagra vitamin B2 deficiency causes throat swelling/soreness, a swollen tongue, skin cracking (including cracked corners of the mouth), dermatitis, and anemia. Answer : (d)
Q.18
α cells of pancreas secrete
0%
a) Amylase
0%
b) Insulin
0%
c) Trypsinogen
0%
d) Glucagon
Explanation
α cells of pancreas secrete the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood Answer : (d)
Q.19
Epiglottis is meant for protecting .....
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a) Oesophagus from entry of air
0%
b) Larynx from entry of food
0%
c) Nasal chambers from entry of food
0%
d) Tung from glottis
Explanation
Epiglottis is meant for protecting Larynx from entry of food Answer : (b)
Q.20
Assertion : Wounds heal slowly due to vitaminC deficiency Reason : Vitamin C is essential for collagen formation
0%
a) Both are true with reason being correct explanation
0%
b) Both are true but reason is not correct explanation
0%
c) Assertion is true but reason is wrong
0%
d) Both are wrong
Explanation
Wound heal slowly may be due to infection, Answer : (b)
Q.21
What is correct about mammalian palate...... [BHU 2008 ] Primary structure. Parallel to original roof of mouth cavity. Tertiary structure. Secondary structure.
0%
a) 1, 2, 3 correct
0%
b) 1, 2 correct
0%
c) 2, 4 correct
0%
d) 1,3 correct
Explanation
The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, located in the roof of the mouth. It is formed by the palatine process of the maxilla and horizontal plate of palatine bone, and spans the arch formed by the upper teeth and is secondary structure. Answer : (c)
Q.22
Which one is correctly matched? [ AIIMS 2008 ]
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a) Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans Secretion decreases blood sugar level
0%
b) Oxyntic cells - pH between 2.0 - 3.0
0%
c) Kupffer cells - Digestive enzyme that hydrolyses nucleic acids
0%
d) Sebaceous glands - On evaporation of secretion cooling is caused
Explanation
Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans secrete the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood. Option a wrong Oxyntic cells secrete HCl option b correct Kupffer cells digests cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, cancer cells, and anything else that does not have the types of proteins specific to healthy body cells on its surface Option c wrong Sebaceous glands are microscopic exocrine glands in the skin that secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals. Option d wrong Answer : (b)
Q.23
Frenulum is ....
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a) Adenoid present on pharyngeal wall
0%
b) V-shaped sulcus dividing tongue into pharyngeal and oral parts
0%
c) Fold attaching tongue
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d) Tonsil found on lateral walls of soft palate
Explanation
a small fold or ridge of tissue which supports or checks the motion of the part to which it is attached, in particular a fold of skin beneath the tongue, or between the lip and the gum. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Increased liquidity of faecal discharge associated with reduced absorption of food is ...[ HPPMT 2012 ]
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a) Vomiting
0%
b) Indigestion
0%
c) Constipation
0%
d) Diarrhoea
Explanation
Diarrhoea: The abnormal frequency of bowel movement and increased liquidity of the faecal discharge is known as diarrhoea. It reduces the absorption of food. Answer : (d)
Q.25
Helicobacter pylori causes...
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a) Dipnoea
0%
b) Peptic ulcers
0%
c) Liver cirrhosis
0%
d) Bronchitis
Explanation
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type of bacteria. These germs can enter your body and live in your digestive tract. After many years, they can cause sores, called ulcers, in the lining of your stomach or the upper part of your small intestine Answer : (b)
Q.26
Glycogenolysis involves ...[RPMT 2011 ]
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a) Conversion of sugar into glycogen
0%
b) Oxidation of sugar
0%
c) Conversion of glycogen into fat
0%
d) Conversion of glycogen into sugar
Explanation
Glycogenolysis involves Conversion of glycogen into sugar Answer : (d)
Q.27
The term vitamin was introduced by ....
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a) Pasteur
0%
b) Funk
0%
c) Priestley
0%
d) Lister
Explanation
The term vitamin was introduced Casimir Funk Answer : (b)
Q.28
Protein digesting enzyme is ...[Bih. PMT 2006 ]
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a) Pepsin
0%
b) Chymotrypsinogen
0%
c) Trophoprotein
0%
d) Amylase
Explanation
Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (that is, a protease) Answer : (a)
Q.29
Haemorrhoids are ...
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a) Longitudinal folds of rectum
0%
b) Small pouches of coln
0%
c) Enlarged rectal veins
0%
d) Outgrowths of anal canal
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.30
Assertion : Emulsification is necessary for the digestion. Reason : After emulsification , enzyme amylase become active
0%
a) Both are true with reason being correct explanation
0%
b) Both are true but reason is not correct explanation
0%
c) Assertion is true but reason is wrong
0%
d) Both are wrong
Explanation
The digestive enzyme, pancreatic lipase, is water soluble and can only work at the surface of fat globules Amylase is found in two main areas – saliva in the mouth and pancreatic juice in the pancreas Enzyme amylase, on the other hand, is a starch - hydrolysing enzyme which has no role in fat digestion. Answer : (c)
Q.31
Match the columns and find the correct combination
Column I
Column II
a) Ptyalin
i) Lipids
b) Pepsin
ii) Starch
C) Steapsin
iii) DNA
d) Nuclease
iv) Protein
0%
a) a - i ; b - iii; c - ii, d - iv
0%
b) a - i ; b - iv; c - iii, d - ii
0%
c) a - ii ; b - iv; c - i, d - iii
0%
d) a - ii ; b - iii; c - i, d - iv
Explanation
Ptyalin (Salivary amylase) is found in saliva and breaks starch into maltose and dextrin a-ii Pepsin the chief digestive enzyme in the stomach, which breaks down proteins into polypeptides. b- iv Steapsin A digestive enzyme of pancreatic juice that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats to fatty acids and glycerol c-i Nuclease an enzyme that cleaves the chains of nucleotides in nucleic acids into smaller units. d- iii Answer : (c)
Q.32
Long term energy storage occurs in the form of ...[Odisha 2009 ] Excess carbohydrate and protein in the diet are converted into fat. Only a relatively small amount of energy is stored in animals as glycogen or other carbohydrates
0%
a) Glucose
0%
b) Amino acids
0%
c) Glycogen
0%
d) Fat
Explanation
Excess carbohydrate and protein in the diet are converted into fat. Answer : (d)
Q.33
on Q134) Surgical removal of gall bladder is called:
0%
a) Cystectomy
0%
b) Cholecystectomy
0%
c) Cephalectomy
0%
d) Colectomy
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.34
Assertion : Leaver assists in digestion of fat Reason: Hepatic secretion contains bile salt which emulsify fat
0%
a) Both are true with reason being correct explanation
0%
b) Both are true but reason is not correct explanation
0%
c) Assertion is true but reason is wrong
0%
d) Both are wrong
Explanation
Bile from the liver secreted into the small intestine also plays an important role in digesting fat. Bile contains bile acids, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. Hepatic secretion contains bile salt which emulsify fat and it to ,makes easy for action of digestive enzyme, pancreatic lipase to work at the surface of fat globules Answer : (b)
Q.35
Find out the correct sequence of substrate enzyme and product ..[CBSE 2008 ]
0%
a)
0%
b)
0%
c)
0%
d)
Explanation
starch is partially transformed into maltose by the pancreatic or salivary enzymes called amylases; maltase secreted by the intestine then converts maltose into glucose Answer : (d)
Q.36
Cannibals feed on
0%
a) Carcases
0%
b) Blood
0%
c) Carnivores
0%
d) Members of own species
Explanation
Cannibalism, in zoology, the eating of any animal by another member of the same species. Cannibalism frequently serves as a mechanism to control population or to ensure the genetic contribution of an individual. Answer : (d)
Q.37
Sphincter of Oddi is associated with opening of ,,,[ JKCMEE 2008 ]
0%
a) Hepato-pancreatic ampulla
0%
b) Oesophagus
0%
c) Common hepatic duct
0%
d) Pyloric stomach
Explanation
The sphincter of Oddi is a muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices bile and pancreatic juice through hepatopancreatic ampulla or the hepatopancreatic duct, is formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct. Answer : (a)
Q.38
Uvula can close the opening of
0%
a) Internal nares
0%
b) Glottis
0%
c) larynx
0%
d) Eustachian tube
Explanation
uvula move superiorly to close off the nasopharynx, preventing food from entering the nasal cavity. Internal nares (or choanae) are present only in air-breathing vertebrates and open into the mouth cavity.Posterior to the internal nares the passages open into the nasopharynx. Answer : (a)
Q.39
Trypsinogen is converted into active trypsin by the action of ...
0%
a) Secretin
0%
b) Enterokinase
0%
c) Cholecystokinin
0%
d) Enterocrinin
Explanation
Enterokinase, secreted from the duodenal mucosa, that changes the inactive pancreatic secretion trypsinogen into trypsin, one of the enzymes that digest proteins. Answer : (b)
Q.40
Which is not a gastrointestinal hormone? [ CET Chd. 2009 ]
0%
a) Cholecystokinin
0%
b) Gastrin
0%
c) Secretin
0%
d) Cortisol
Explanation
Cortisol is a hormone releases when body under stress. Cortisol can help control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, help reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation. It has a controlling effect on salt and water balance and helps control blood pressure Answer : (d)
Q.41
Match the columns and choose the correct option
Column I
Column II
a) Salivary amylase
Proteins
b) Bile salts
Milk proteins
c) Rennin
Starch
d) Pepsin
Lipids
e) Steapsin
Emulsification of fats
0%
a) a - 5; b - 4; c - 1; d - 2; e - 3
0%
b) a - 2; b - 3; c - 4; d - 5; e - 1
0%
c) a - 2; b - 4; c - 3; d - 1; e - 5
0%
d) a - 3; b - 5; c - 2; d - 1; e - 4
Explanation
salivary amylase begins the digestive process by breaking down starch a-3 Bile salts The function of bile salts in the duodenum is to solubilize ingested fat and fat-soluble vitamins, facilitating their digestion and absorption b-5 Rennin -Its role in digestion is to curdle or coagulate milk in the stomach c-2 Pepsin- the chief digestive enzyme in the stomach, which breaks down proteins into polypeptides d-1 Steapsin A digestive enzyme of pancreatic juice that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats to fatty acids and glycerol e- 4 Answer : (d)
Q.42
Riboflavin is ...[MPPMT 2012 ]
0%
a) Vitamin A
0%
b) Vitamin B2
0%
c) Vitamin C
0%
d) Vitamin B12
Explanation
riboflavin , also known as Vitamin B2 , is one of the eight B-complex vitamins. Like other B vitamins, it plays a role in energy production in the body Answer : (b)
Q.43
An incorrect match is ...[AFMC 2008 ]
0%
a) B12 - Pernicious anaemia
0%
b) B6 - Loss of appetite
0%
c) B1 - Beri-beri
0%
d) B2 - Pellagra
Explanation
Beri-Beri caused by deficiency of B1 Answer : (d)
Q.44
Most of the fats absorbed in small intestine enter...[CET Chd. 2009 ]
0%
a) Lacteal
0%
b) Venule
0%
c) Microvilli
0%
d) Arteriole
Explanation
A lacteal is a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine. Answer : (a)
Q.45
If for some reason the parietal cells of the gut epithelium become partially nonfunctional, what is likely to happen...[ CBSE mains 2010 ]
0%
a) Pancreatic enzymes, specially trypsinanad lipase will not work efficiently
0%
b) proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin to protesoses and peptones
0%
c) PH of stomach will fall abruptly
0%
d) Steapsin will not be effective
Explanation
Parietal cells (also called oxyntic cells) are the stomach epithelium cells which secrete gastric acid. Stomach acid does not digest protein. Rather, it activates an enzyme called pepsinogen which then becomes pepsin that is secreted by the stomach wall. This enzyme is only active within the pH range of 3.0 to 5.0 and requires the acid to maintain that pH. if reqired amount of HCl is not prodced then proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin to protesoses and peptones Answer : (b)
Q.46
Taenia coli are constituents of
0%
a) Rectum
0%
b) Colon
0%
c) Duodenum
0%
d) Ileum
Explanation
The taeniae coli (also teniae coli) are three separate longitudinal ribbons of smooth muscle on the outside of the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colons. Answer : (b)
Q.47
Carboxypeptidase is secreted by ...[kerala 2004 ]
0%
a) Pancreas
0%
b) Stomach
0%
c) Salivary glands
0%
d) Intestine
Explanation
The enzyme carboxypeptidase A is secreted by the pancreas and is used to speed up this hydrolysis reaction Answer : (a)
Q.48
Coprophagy occurs in ... [RPMT 2005]
0%
a) Insectivorous animals like Frog
0%
b) Carnivorous animal like Tiger
0%
c) Herbivorous animals like Rabbit
0%
d) None of above
Explanation
Coprophagy, eating of dung, or feces, certain members of the order Lagomorpha (rabbits and hares) and in at least one leaf-eating primate (genus Lepilemur). Answer : (c)
Q.49
Most abundant mineral of animal body is ...[WB 2010]
0%
a) Iron
0%
b) Calcium
0%
c) Potassium
0%
d) Sodium
Explanation
Calcium (Ca) is the most abundant mineral in the body and is essential for a number of vital functions. The skeleton contains about 99% of the body’s calcium with approximately 1kg present in adult bones. The major constituents of bone are calcium and phosphate, forming hydroxyapatite, Calcium also plays a vital role in many systems including intracellular signalling to enable the integration and regulation of metabolic processes, the transmission of information via the nervous system, the control of muscle contraction (including the heart) and blood clotting. Answer : (b)
Q.50
fats are hydrolysed by lipase to yield ....[ MPPMT 2012 ]
0%
a) Glycerol and fatty acids
0%
b) Fatty acids and amino acids
0%
c) Glycerin and water
0%
d) Glycerol and amino acids
Explanation
Chemically fats are esters hydrolysis of fat by liypase will yield mono- and di- glycerides and free fatty acids Answer : (a)
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