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Quiz 13
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Q.1
Global warming can be controlled by ….[NEET 2013]
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a) Reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel
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b) Reducing reforestation, increasing the use of fossil fuel
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c) Increasing deforestation, slowing down the growth of human population
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d) Increasing deforestation, reducing efficiency of energy usage
Explanation
Reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel results into reduction into one of the green house gas, i.e., CO2. Answer:(a)
Q.2
The Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act came into force in ….[NEET 2013]
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a) 1975
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b) 1981
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c) 1985
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d) 1990
Explanation
Air prevention and Control of Pollution protection act – 1981 Environmental protection act– 1986 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) act – 1974 Answer:(b)
Q.3
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) may not be a good index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents from :- …[NEET 2016]
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a) Petroleum industry
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b) Sugar industry
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c) Domestic sewage
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d) Dairy industry
Explanation
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is not a good index for checking the pollution levels of water bodies receiving effluents from petroleum industry, This is because such effluents contain waste which rs non-biodegradable Answer:(a)
Q.4
A lake which is rich in organic waste may result in:- …[NEET 2016]
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a) Increased population of fish due to lots of nutrients.
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b) Mortality of fish due to lack of oxygen
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c) Increased population of aquatic organisms due to minerals
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d) Drying of the lake due to algal bloom
Explanation
lakes in many parts of the earth have been severely eutrophied by sewage and agricultural and industrial wastes. The prime contaminants are nitrates and phosphates, which act as plant nutrients. They overstimulate the growth of algae, causing unsightly scum and unpleasant odours, and robbing the water of dissolved oxygen vital to other aquatic life. At the same time, other pollutants flowing into a lake may poison whole populations of fish, whose decomposing remains further deplete the water’s dissolved oxygen content. In such fashion, a lake can literally choke to death. Answer:(b)
Q.5
The highest DDT concentration in aquatic food chain shall occur in :- …[NEET 2016]
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a) crab
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b) eel
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c) phytoplankton
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d) seagull
Explanation
Seagulls are fish eating birds. Concentration of DDT is increased at successive trophic levels; say if it starts at 0.003 ppb (ppb = parts per billion) in water, it can ultimately reach 25 ppm (ppm = parts per million) in fish-eating birds, through biomagnification. Answer:(d)
Q.6
Which one of the following statements is not valid for aerosols? ….[NEET- 2017]
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a) They are harmful to human health
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b) They alter rainfall and monsoon patterns
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c) They cause increased agricultural productivity
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d) They have negative impact on agricultural land
Explanation
Aerosols can cause various problems to agriculture through its direct or indirect effects on plants. However continually increasing air pollution may represent a persistent and largely irreversible threat to agriculture in the future. Answer:(c)
Q.7
Which of the following in sewage treatment removes suspended solids? ….[NEET- 2017]
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a) Tertiary treatment
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b) Secondary treatment
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c) Primary treatment
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d) Sludge treatment
Explanation
Primary treatment is a physical process which involves sequential filtration and sedimentation Answer:(c)
Q.8
Eutrophication of water bodies leading to killing of fishes is mainly due to non-availability of : [ ReAIPMT 2015]
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a) oxygen
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b) food
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c) light
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d) essential minerals
Explanation
lakes in many parts of the earth have been severely eutrophied by sewage and agricultural and industrial wastes. The prime contaminants are nitrates and phosphates, which act as plant nutrients. They overstimulate the growth of algae, causing unsightly scum and unpleasant odours, and robbing the water of dissolved oxygen vital to other aquatic life. At the same time, other pollutants flowing into a lake may poison whole populations of fish, whose decomposing remains further deplete the water’s dissolved oxygen content. In such fashion, a lake can literally choke to death. Answer:(a)
Q.9
Acid rain is caused by increase in the atmospheric concentration of : [ ReAIPMT 2015]
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a) O3 and dust
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b) SO2 and NO2
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c) SO3 and CO
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d) CO2 and CO
Explanation
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain. Answer:(b)
Q.10
Increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is known as : [ ReAIPMT 2015]
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a) Biogeochemical cycling
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b) Biomagnification
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c) Biodeterioration
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d) Biotransformation
Explanation
Biomagnification, also known as bioamplification or biological magnification, is any concentration of a toxin, such as pesticides, in the tissues of tolerant organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain. Answer:(b)
Q.11
Which the following are most suitable indicator of SO2 pollution in the environment ? [ ReAIPMT 2015]
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a) Fungi
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b) Lichens
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c) Conifers
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d) Algae
Explanation
Lichens also absorb sulphur dioxide dissolved in water. Lichens are widely used as environmental indicators or bio-indicators. If air is very badly polluted with sulphur dioxide there may be no lichens present, just green algae may be found. If the air is clean, shrubby, hairy and leafy lichens become abundant. Answer:(b)
Q.12
In stratosphere, which of the following element acts as a catalyst in degradation of ozone a release of molecular oxygen ? [NEET 2018]
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a) Carbon
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b) Cl
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c) Fe
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d) Oxygen
Explanation
CFCs discharged in the lower part of atmosphere move upward and reach stratosphere. In stratosphere, UV rays act on them releasing Cl atoms. Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen, with these atoms acting merely as catalysts; Cl atoms are not consumed in the reaction Answer : (b)
Q.13
Which of the following is a secondary pollutant ... ... [NEET 2018]
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a) CO
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b) CO2
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c) SO2
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d) O3
Explanation
Ground-level ozone is a colorless and highly irritating gas that forms just above the earth's surface. It is called a "secondary" pollutant because it is produced when two primary pollutants react in sunlight and stagnant air. These two primary pollutants are nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Answer : (d)
Q.14
World Ozone Day is celebrated on ... ... [ NEET 2018]
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a) 5th June
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b) 21st April
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c) 16th September
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d) 22nd April
Explanation
September 16 was designated by the United Nations General Assembly as the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer. Answer : (c)
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