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Quiz 9
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Q.1
DDT concentration recorded in human body has been ..... ..... [M.P.P.M.T. 2000]
0%
a) 0.3 - 0.7 ppm
0%
b) 1.3 - 3.1 ppm
0%
c) 13 - 31 ppm
0%
d) 30 - 70 ppm
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.2
BOD level in fresh water should not exceed beyond .... .... [C.E.T.Chd 2010]
0%
a) 5 ppm
0%
b) 10 ppm
0%
c) 25 ppm
0%
d) 50 ppm
Explanation
BOD or Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the amount of oxygen required to decompose organic matter present in one litre of polluted water. More the value of BOD,more will be the amount of organic matter in the water. Hence, a high BOD value means heavily polluted water. Water with BOD value of 1-2 ppm is considered clean. In freshwater, BOD value should not exceed 5 ppm as the dissolved oxygen will be used up in the decomposition of organic matter and will not be available for the survival of aquatic organisms which will lead to their death. Answer : (a)
Q.3
Acid rain is caused by ... .... [A.M.U. 2001]
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a) SO3 , SO2
0%
b) SO2, CO
0%
c) NH3, CO
0%
d) SO2, NH3
Explanation
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Disease caused by eating fish found in water contaminated with industrial waste having mercury is .... .... [Kerala 2008]
0%
a) Minamata disease
0%
b) Bright's disease
0%
c) Hashimoto's disease
0%
d) Osteosclerosis
Explanation
Minamata disease (M. d.) is methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning that occurred in humans who ingested fish and shellfish contaminated by MeHg discharged in waste water from a chemical plant Answer : (a)
Q.5
A water body has high BOD indicating that water is.... ......[B.H.U. 2007]
0%
a) Being contaminated with sewage
0%
b) Being aerated
0%
c) Receiving minerals
0%
d) Atrophic
Explanation
BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required to remove waste organic matter from water in the process of decomposition by aerobic bacteria . BOD is used, often in wastewater-treatment plants, as an index of the degree of organic pollution in water. High BOD means more polluted. Answer : (a)
Q.6
Biochemical oxygen demand in a river water .... .... [C.B.S.E. 2009]
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a) Remains unchanged when algal bloom occurs
0%
b) Increases when sewage gets mixed in the river water
0%
c) Has no relationship with concentration oxygen in water
0%
d) Gives a measure of Salmonella in water
Explanation
BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required to remove waste organic matter from water in the process of decomposition by aerobic bacteria . BOD is used, often in wastewater-treatment plants, as an index of the degree of organic pollution in water. High BOD if water is contaminated with sewage. Answer : (b)
Q.7
Affinity of CO for haemoglobin as compared to O2 is .... .... [B.H.U 2002]
0%
a) Two times
0%
b) Twenty times
0%
c) 100 Times
0%
d) 200 Times
Explanation
Carbon monoxide has approximately 200 times greater affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen Answer : (d)
Q.8
Ecosan toilets are working in many areas of .... ..... [H.P.P.M.T. 2010]
0%
a) Assam and W.B
0%
b) Kerala and Sri Lanka
0%
c) Maharashtra and A.P
0%
d) Telangana and Sri Lanka
Explanation
Some examples of Ecosan toilets can be seen in Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Orissa, Bihar and Ladakh, Sri Lanka Answer : (b)
Q.9
Environmental pollution affects .... .... [A.M.U. 1999]
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a) Biotic components
0%
b) Plants only
0%
c) Man only
0%
d) Biotic and abiotic components of environment
Explanation
Environmental pollution affects biotic components and abiotic components like lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. Answer : (d)
Q.10
Rain is called acid rain when its pH is below .... .... [Odisha 2004]
0%
a) 7
0%
b) 6.5
0%
c) 6
0%
d) 5.6
Explanation
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0. Answer : (d)
Q.11
Which is not a pollutant from exhaust of motor vehicle .... .... [D.P.M.T. 1996]
0%
a) Hydrocarbon gas
0%
b) Fly ash
0%
c) CO
0%
d) SO2
Explanation
Fly ash is produced by coal-fired electric and steam generating plants. Except fly ash, all other options are products of exhaust of motor vehicles Answer : (b)
Q.12
According to Central Pollution Control Board, air pollutants responsible for great harm have .... .... [C.B.S.E 2008]
0%
a) 1.0 or less
0%
b) 1.5 or less
0%
c) 2.5 or less
0%
d) 5.2 - 2.5
Explanation
According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), particulate size 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (PM 2.5) are responsible for causing the greatest harm to human health. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Green house effects is due to ... .... [C.B.S.E. 2002]
0%
a) X-rays
0%
b) UV rays
0%
c) Green rays
0%
d) Infrared rays
Explanation
Clouds and gases reflect about one-fourth of the incoming solar radiation, and absorb some of it but almost half of incoming solar radiation falls on Earth’s surface heating it, while a small proportion is reflected back. Greenhouse gases absorb long wave (infrared) radiation from earth and emit it again towards the earth. Answer : (d)
Q.14
Pollution is rising due to .... .... [B.H.U. 1996]
0%
a) Rains
0%
b) Research institutes
0%
c) Pollution explosion
0%
d) Automobiles and industries
Explanation
statistical report that says road dust causes 38% of air pollution, 20% due to smoke that comes out of the vehicle. 12% of air gets polluted due to domestic fuel burning and the industrial point sources have the remaining 11% of share in polluting the air. Answer : (d)
Q.15
ASSERTION: Inhabitants close to busy airports are likely to experience health hazards. REASON: Sound levels of jets aeroplanes usually exceed 160dB . [A.I.I.M.S. 2008]
0%
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
0%
b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
0%
c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
0%
d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Assertion is correct is true as exposure to any sound above 85 decibels has the potential to cause hearing damage, especially with frequent or prolonged exposure. Reason is false because the sounds associated with jet planes measure between 120 and 140 decibels not 160 decibels. Answer : (c)
Q.16
Which is incorrect ..... ...... [Pb.P.M.T. 2007]
0%
a) Noise pollution does not have any residue
0%
b) Noise pollution creates nervous disorders
0%
c) Plants absorb noise of low frequency
0%
d) Loss of hearing is common disorder
Explanation
Unlike drugs or chemicals, noise pollution leaves no residue in the body. Numerous studies have linked noise pollution to increased anxiety, depression, high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke Plants does not abosrb noise of low frequnecy but can reduce. A properly designed buffer of trees and shrubs can reduce noise by about five to ten decibels. Loss of hearing or difficulty in hearing is common symptoms of prolonged exposure to noise pollution. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Measurement of rate of oxygen utilization by a unit volume of water over a period of time is to measure ... .... [A.I.I.M.S. 1996]
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a) Fermentation
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b) Biogas generation
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c) Biosynthetic pathway
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d) Biological oxygen demand
Explanation
BOD refers to biochemical as well as biological oxygen demand but bioCHEMICAL is the most appropriate one Explanation on term BOD provided by Zubaida Answer : (d)
Q.18
Montreal protocol which calls for appropriate action to protect the ozone layer from human activities was passed in year .... ... [C.B.S.E. 2006]
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a) 1985
0%
b) 1986
0%
c) 1987
0%
d) 1988
Explanation
The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 16th September 1987, and entered into force on 1st January 1989. Answer : (c)
Q.19
Air pollutants that produce photochemical oxidants include .... ..... [ M.P.P.M.T. 1991]
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a) CO2, CO, SO2
0%
b) Nitrous oxide, nitric oxide and nitric acid
0%
c) Oxygen, chlorine and nitric acid
0%
d) Ozone, chlorine and sulphur dioxide
Explanation
Photochemical oxidants are the secondary pollutants that are formed when the primary pollutants like hydrocarbons, oxides of sulphur, oxides of nitrogen react with sunlight. The major products of this reaction include tropospheric ozone, peroxyacetyl nitrate and aldehydes. They also contribute to the formation of the photochemical smog. The reaction of solar radiation with primary airborne pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds forms photochemical smog. Ultraviolet light can split nitrogen dioxide into nitric oxide Answer : (b)
Q.20
Which is correct about statement X and Y. Statement X: DDT shows biological magnification Statement Y: UV radiations cause ozone depletion Guj C.E.T. 2009
0%
a) X and Y are both correct, Y is proper explanation of X
0%
b) X and Y are both correct, Y is not proper explanation of X
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c) X is correct, Y is not correct
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d) X is not correct, Y is correct
Explanation
DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochlorine compound which is not metabolised and excreted. It remains in fat storage tissue of organism and passes from one trophic level to another i.e it shows biomagnification. Statement X is correct. Ozone depletion is caused to chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) also known as freons not due to UV radiations. Statement Y is not correct. Answer : (c)
Q.21
Gas being produced by paddy fields and involved in global warning is .... .... [J.K.C.M.E.E. 2008]
0%
a) Chlorine
0%
b) Methane
0%
c) Carbon dioxide
0%
d) H2S
Explanation
raditional rice cultivation is the second biggest agricultural source of GHG after livestock. Traditional rice production globally accounts for about 1.5% of greenhouse gas emissions, equivalent to all aviation emissions. Its source is methane, created by organic matter decomposing underwater in flooded paddies Answer : (b)
Q.22
During past 150 years, the concentration of CO2 has increased approximately from .... .... [A.M.U. 2010]
0%
a) 200 ppm to 300 ppm
0%
b) 350 ppm to 450 ppm
0%
c) 280 ppm to 370 ppm
0%
d) 120 ppm to 280 ppm
Explanation
Over the last 150 years, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have risen from 280 to nearly 380 parts per million (ppm). Answer : (c)
Q.23
Minamata and itai-itai are caused by the pollution of ... .... [B.H.U. 2002]
0%
a) Mercury and lead
0%
b) Mercury and cadmium
0%
c) Lead and tin
0%
d) Lead and strontium
Explanation
Minamata disease is a methylmercury poisoning with neurological symptoms and caused by the daily consump- tion of large quantities of fish and shellfish that were heavily contaminated with the toxic chemical generated in chemical factories and then discharged into the sea. Itai-itai disease was caused by cadmium poisoning Answer : (b)
Q.24
Ultraviolet radiations from sunlight cause a reaction which produces .... ..... [Pb p.m.t. 1998]
0%
a) Ozone
0%
b) SO2
0%
c) CO
0%
d) CH2
Explanation
Ozone gas is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on molecular oxygen, and also degraded into molecular oxygen in the stratosphere. Answer : (a)
Q.25
Ozone hole is maximum over ... .... [C.B.S.E.1997]
0%
a) Europe
0%
b) Antarctic
0%
c) India
0%
d) Africa
Explanation
Although ozone depletion is occurring widely in the stratosphere, the depletion is particularly marked over the Antarctic region. This has resulted in formation of a large area of thinned ozone layer, commonly called as the ozone hole Answer : (b)
Q.26
Air pollution is not reduced by .... .... [M.H.T.C.E.T. 2007]
0%
a) Using precipitators
0%
b) Reusing wastes
0%
c) Cleaning air
0%
d) All
Explanation
electrostatic precipitator has electrode wires that are maintained at several thousand volts, which produce a corona that releases electrons. These electrons attach to dust particles giving them a net negative charge. The collecting plates are grounded and attract the charged dust particles. The velocity of air between the plates must be low enough to allow the dust to fall. Using scrubbers can clean air to reduce air pollution. Air pollution can be reduced by reducing air pollutant not by reusing waste. Answer : (b)
Q.27
B.O.D is connected with .... ..... [M.P.P.M.T. 2002]
0%
a) Organic matter
0%
b) Microbes
0%
c) Microbes and organic matter
0%
d) None
Explanation
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed (i.e. demanded) by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period. It is connected to microbes and organic matter. Answer : (c)
Q.28
Pesticides are considered as hazardous because they .... .... [Manipur 2009]
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a) Persist in environment
0%
b) Do not enter food chain
0%
c) Affect target organism only
0%
d) Do not kill natural enemy population
Explanation
The general population may be exposed through consumption of residues of pesticides in food and, possibly, drinking water. The residue of pesticides are found because they are persist in environment and their degradation takes a long time. Answer : (a)
Q.29
Gas released during Bhopal tragedy was .... .... [M.P.P.M.T.2010]
0%
a) Methyl isocyanate
0%
b) Potassium thiocyanate
0%
c) Sodium thiocyanate
0%
d) Ethyl thiocyanate
Explanation
The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is considered among the world's worst industrial disasters. Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas Answer : (a)
Q.30
Correct percentage of two green house gases is .... .... [C.B.S.E. 2008]
0%
a) N2O - 6%, CO2 - 86%
0%
b) CH4 - 20%, N2O - 18%
0%
c) CO2 - 40%, CFC - 30%
0%
d) CFC - 14%, CH4 - 20%
Explanation
Carbon dioxide contributes 60% to global warming Methane contributes 20% to global warming CFC contibutes 14% to global warming N2O contibutes 6% to global warming. Answer : (d)
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