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NEET Biology MCQ
Evolution Mcq
Quiz 14
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Q.1
A study of evolution has established the systematic positions in many animals. In some animals chordate characters are absent in adult stage, but present in larval stage, eg. Herdmania has been included in ______.
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a) crustacea
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b) protochordata
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c) dermaptera
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d) onychophora
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.2
Von baer supports the theory of evolution on the basis of
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a) embryological character
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b) germs layers
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c) somatic variations
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d) genetic variations
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.3
Vermiform appendix in man, nictitating membrane and wisdom teeth are ______.
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a) homologous organs
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b) analogous organs
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c) vestigial organs
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d) none of the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.4
Mesozoic era is associated with mass extinction of ______.
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a) flowering plants
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b) trilobites
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c) Dodo
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d) dinosaurs
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.5
Evolutionary convergence is characterised by
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a) development of dissimilar characteristics in closely related groups
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b) development of a common set of characteristics in the groups of different ancestry
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c) development of characteristics by random mating
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d) replacement of common characteristics in different groups.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.6
Which one of the following is present today but was absent about 3.5 billion years ago ?
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a) Oxygen
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b) Nitrogen
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c) Hydrogen
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d) Methen
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.7
What was the mixture of gases used in Miller exprement ?
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a) Methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water (H2O)
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b) Oxygen (O2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water (H2O)
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c) Oxygen (O2), ozone (O3), hydrogen (H2), and water (H2O)
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d) all above
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.8
Who performed this famous experiment to prove origin of life ?
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a) Oparin and Haldane
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b) Spallanzani and Pasteur
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c) Urey and Miller
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d) Fox and Pasteur
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.9
The first organism to be found on a bare rock is a (an) ______.
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a) moss
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b) alga
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c) lichen
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d) fern
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.10
The doctrine of evolution is concerned with ______.
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a) gradual changes
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b) abiogenesis
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c) biogenesis
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d) none of the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.11
A biologist is trying to infer how five closely related species of snakes are related to one another. She notices that some of the snakes have forked tongues and others do not. Which of the following would help her distinguish the ancestral state?
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a) She looks among snake fossils for evidence that being forked is a characteristic of the ancestor of this group, but determines no such fossils exist
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b) She locates a specimen of a more distantly related snake to see if it has a forked tongue.
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c) She looks at a representative mammal species to see if it has a forked tongue.
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d) A branch shifts along the Y axis.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.12
How is extinction represented in a tree diagram?
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a) A branch splits.
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b) A branch ends.
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c) A branch shifts along the X axis
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d) A branch shifts along the Y axis
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.13
Which of the following are kingdoms?
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a) Monera .
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b) Protista.
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c) Animalae.
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d) All of the above.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.14
Reproductive isolation is:
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a) Inability to interbreed.
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b) Ability to interbreed.
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c) Breeding in isolation.
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d) None of the above.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.15
Which of the following is not atavistic in humans?
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d) Long and pointed canines.
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a) Tail in some babies.
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b) Multiple mammae
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c) Six fingers.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.16
An isolated population of humans with approximately equal number of blue eyed and brown eyed individuals was decimated by an earthquake. Only a few brown eyed people remained to form the next generation. This kind of change in the gene pool is called a:
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a) Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium.
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b) Blocked gene flow.
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c) Bottle neck effect.
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d) Founder effect.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.17
Following are two statements regarding origin of life. (i) The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non green and presumably anaerobes. (ii) The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen. Of the above statements which of the following option is correct?
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a) Both (i) and (ii) are false.
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b) (i) is correct but (ii) is false.
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c) (ii) is correct but (i) is false.
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d) Both (i) and (ii) are correct.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.18
Microspheres and coacervatives were experimentally produced by:
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a) Fischer and Huxley.
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b) Sidney Fox and Oparin.
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c) Urey and Miller.
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d) Jacob and Monod.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.19
Small and spherical vessels, bounded by a membrane like amino acid are:
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a) Liposomes.
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b) Ribozymes.
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c) Protocell.
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d) Microspheres.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.20
Correct order is: )
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a) Palaeozoic → Archaeozoic → Coenzoic.
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b) Archaeozoic → Palaeozoic → Proterozoic.
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c) Palaeozoic → Mesozoic → Coenzoic.
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d) Mesozoic → Archaeozoic → Proterozoic.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.21
Which of the following evidences does not favour the Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?
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a) Lack of pigment in cave – dwelling animals.
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b) Melanisation in peppered moth.
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c) Absence of limbs in snakes.
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d) Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.22
Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio – carbon method and other methods involved radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms, include:
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a) Study of carbohydrates/proteins in fossils.
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b) Study of the conditions of fossilization.
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c) Electron spin resonance (ESR) and fossil DNA.
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d) Study of carbohydrates/proteins in rocks.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.23
Which of the following amino acids was not found to be synthesized in Miller’s experiment?
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a) Alanine.
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b) Glycine.
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c) Aspartic acid.
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d) Glutamic acid.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.24
Assertion: Atavism is the reappearance of disappeared ancestral characters. Reason: Third molars and hair on the body are examples of atavism.
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
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b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
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c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
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d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.25
Gene pool is:
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a) Genotype of an individual of a population.
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b) Pool of artificially synthesized gene.
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c) Different genes of all individuals of a species found in an area.
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d) Genes of a genus.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.26
In a population with 200 individuals, the allele for sickle cell anaemia has a frequency of 0.Find out the number of sickle cell anaemia carriers in the population?
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a) 72.
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b) 96
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c) 104
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d) 36
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.27
Identify the incorrect statement regarding vertebrate evolution:
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a) Pelycosaurs is a synapsid reptile which became extinct during Permian period.
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b) Crocodiles and birds belong to Sauropsida.
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c) Therapsids are mammals which belong to synapsids.
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d) Sphenodon belongs to Sauropsida.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.28
Fire for protection and cooking was first used by:
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a) Neanderthal man.
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b) Cro – Magnon man.
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c) Java man.
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d) Tool maker.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.29
There would be no evolution if:
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a) The inheritance of acquired characters did not take place.
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b) Somatic variations were not inheritable.
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c) Gene variations were not found among members of population.
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d) Somatic variations would not transform into germinal variations.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.30
Occurrence of endemic species in South-America and Australia is due to
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a) these species have been extinct from other regions
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b) continental separation
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c) there is no terrestrial route to these places
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d) retrogressive evolution.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.31
Darwin's theory of pangenesis shows similarity with theory of inheritance of acquired characters then what will be correct according to it?
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a) Useful organs become strong and developed while useless organs become extinct. These organs help in struggle for survival
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b) Size of organs increase with ageing
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c) Development of organs is due to will power
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d) There should be some physical basis of inheritance
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.32
Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races. What evidence the scientists used to estimate when and where modern humans evolved?
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a) Cave paintings.
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b) Articles buried with the dead.
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c) Analysis of mDNA and Y chromosomes.
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d) Analysis of language.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.33
The phenomenon “Ontogeny repeats Phylogeny” is explained by:
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a) Recapitulation theory.
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b) Inheritance theory.
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c) Mutation theory.
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d) Natural selection theory.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.34
Choose the mismatched pair:
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a) Ramapithecus – More man like.
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b) Homo erectus – Java man.
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c) Dryopithecus – More ape like.
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d) Homo habilis– Brain capacity 1400cc.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.35
In 1953, S. L. Miller created primitive earth conditions in the laboratory and gave experimental evidence for origin of first form of life from pre – existing non – living organic molecules. The primitive earth conditions created, included:
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a) Low temperature, volcanic storms, atmosphere rich in oxygen.
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b) Low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere.
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c) High temperature, volcanic storms, non – reducing atmosphere.
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d) High temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CH4, NH3, etc.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.36
Identify the wrong statement from the following:
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a) More than one adaptive radiation taking place in an isolated area having different habitats is called convergent evolution.
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b) First reptiles from Sauropsida were turtles.
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c) Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates are examples of homologous organs.
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d) Lycopods, ferns and conifers originated from ancestor named Psilophyton.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.37
From the following examples which ones are not explaining “Mutations are pre – adaptive”? (i) Mutilation experiment in mice by Weismann. (ii) Ancon – sheep experiment in Neo Darwinism. (iii) Antibiotic resistant bacteria. (iv) Lederberg replica plating experiment. (v) Experiment of De Vries in Papaver somniferum.
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a) (ii), (iv) and (v).
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b) (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v).
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c) (i), (ii), (iii) and (v).
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d) (i), (ii) and (v).
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.38
Select the incorrectly matched from the following:
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a) Ichthyosaurs – Evolved about 300mya.
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b) Stegosaurs – Horny plates on body and horned tail.
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c) Fish with stout and strong fins – Coelacanth fish.
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d) Sea weeds probably existed – 320mya.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.39
Read the following statements about fossilization: (i) Animals and plants get fossilised and preserved in volcanic ash. (ii) Replacement of organic parts by mineral decomposition is called Petrification which occurs only of hard parts, e.g. bones. (iii) Casts are prints of leaves, stem, etc in soft mud which become fossilised. (iv) Fossils present in the upper strata of earth are older than those present in lower strata. Of the above statements:
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a) (i) and (ii) are incorrect.
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b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are incorrect.
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c) (ii) and (iv) are correct.
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d) (iii) and (iv) are incorrect.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.40
Homo sapiens:
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a) Arose in 75000- 10000 years ago.
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b) Cave art developed about 18000 years ago.
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c) Agriculture came around 10000 years ago.
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d) Modern man's skull resembles more with adult chimpanzee than baby chimpanzee.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.41
The land reptile which went back into water to evolve into fish like reptiles:
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a) Around 250mya e.g. Ichthyosaurs.
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b) Around 300mya e.g. Therapsids.
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c) Around 200mya e.g. Ichthyosaurs.
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d) Around 150mya e.g. Therapsids
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.42
Zosterophyllum evolved from:
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a) Psilophyton.
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b) Rhynia type plants.
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c) Tracheophyta ancestors.
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d) Chlorophyte ancestors.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.43
If more individuals acquire peripheral character value at both the ends of the distribution curve; in such case natural selection has resulted in:
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a) Stabilization.
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b) Directional.
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c) Disruption.
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d) May be B or C depending upon population parameters.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.44
Darwinian theory of evolution-
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a) Branching descent and natural selection are two axillary concepts of this theory.
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b) Natural selection is based on some factual observations.
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c) Was influenced by work of Alfred Wallace on populations.
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d) Both A and C
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.45
The concept of chemical evolution is based on:
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a) Interaction of eater, air and clay under intense heat.
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b) It incorporated isolation as an essential component of evolution.
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c) It can explain the occurrence of unchanged forms over millions of years.
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d) All of the above.
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.46
Homo sapiens appeared in:
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a) Palaeocene.
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b) Pleistocene.
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c) Oligocene.
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d) Holocene.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.47
Evolutionary convergence is development of:
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a) Common set of characters in groups of different ancestry.
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b) Dissimilar characters in closely related groups
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c) Common set of characters in closely related groups.
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d) Random mating.
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.48
Phylogenetic system of classification is based on:
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a) Floral characters.
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b) Evolutionary relationships.
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c) Morphological features.
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d) Chemical constituents.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.49
Role of isolation in evolution is:
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a) Differentiation of species.
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b) Maintenance of species.
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c) Evolution of species.
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d) Extermination of species.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.50
Neanderthal man might have lived around:
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a) 1.5mya
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b) 10000 to 75000years ago.
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c) 100000 to 40000 years ago.
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d) 1.8mya.
Explanation
Answer : (c)
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