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Q.1
Sum total of genes in a population is ... ... [ CPMT 1993 ]
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a) Genotype
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b) Karyotype
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c) Genetic constitution
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d) Gene pool
Explanation
A gene pool refers to the combination of all the genes (including alleles) present in a reproducing population or species. A large gene pool has extensive genomic diversity and is better able to withstand environmental challenges. Answer : (d)
Q.2
Continental drift explains ... ... [ AMU 2002 ]
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a) Mass extinctions
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b) Distribution of fossils on earth
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c) Geographical upheavals
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d) All the above
Explanation
Continental drift is the hypothesis that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have "drifted" across the ocean bed. Similar plant and animal fossils are found around the shores of different continents, suggesting that they were once joined. Mass extinctions may be triggered by a combination of different forces all acting together, including environmental stresses from changes in climate associated with plate tectonics i.e., continental drift. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Wings of Bat, Locust and Pigeon are ... ... [ EAMCET 1999 ]
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a) Vestigial organs
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b) Exoskeletal structures
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c) Homologous organs
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d) Analogous organs
Explanation
Wings of Bat, Locust and Pigeon all have similar function but have anatomically different structures. Such organds are called analogous organs. Answer : (d)
Q.4
Struggle for existence and survival of the fittest theories were proposed by ... .. [ CPMT 2007]
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a) Darwin
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b) Lamarck
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c) Wallace
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Survival of the fittest, term made famous in the fifth edition (published in 1869) of On the Origin of Species by British naturalist Charles Darwin, which suggested that organisms best adjusted to their environment are the most successful in surviving and reproducing. Answer : (a)
Q.5
Planet nearest to sun is ... ... [ Har PMT 1993 ]
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a) Earth
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b) Moon
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c) Mercury
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d) Mars
Explanation
Mercury is the planet that orbits the closest to the Sun. Answer : (c)
Q.6
The statement "nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution" was given by ... .... [ kerala 2000 ]
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a) Dobzhansk
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b) Darwin
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c) Oparin
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d) Hooker
Explanation
Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution" is a 1973 essay by the evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky, criticising anti-evolution creationism and espousing theistic evolution. Answer : (a)
Q.7
Who was the first to the idea of fixity of species? ... .. [ kerala 2009]
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a) Darwin
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b) Lamarck
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c) Robert Hooke
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d) William Harvey
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.8
Hugo de Vries' contribution is .. .. [ CBSE 1992 ]
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a) Theory of Natural selection
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b) Theory of Mutations
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c) Law of Dominance
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d) Law of segregation
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.9
Genetic recombination occurs due to ... ... [ CPMT 2002]
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a) Mitosis and meiosis
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b) Fertilisation and mitosis
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c) Fertilisation and meiosis
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d) None of the above
Explanation
During the alignment, the arms of the chromosomes can overlap and temporarily fuse, causing a crossover. Crossovers result in recombination and the exchange of genetic material between the maternal and paternal chromosomes. As a result, offspring can have different combinations of genes than their parents. It occurs due to fertilization and meiosis. Answer : (c)
Q.10
A common means of sympatric speciation is ... .. [ DPMT 2010]
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a) Polyploidy
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b) Imposition of geographic barrier
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c) Spatial segregation of mating sites
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d) Temporal segregation of breeding season
Explanation
Sympatric speciation is the evolution of a new species from a surviving ancestral species while both continue to inhabit the same geographic region. Sympatric speciation events are quite common in plants, which are prone to acquiring multiple homologous sets of chromosomes, resulting in polyploidy. Answer : (a)
Q.11
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is influenced by gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination and .. ... [ kerala 2008]
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a) Evolution
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b) Limiting factor
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c) Over-production
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d) Natural selection
Explanation
Five factors are known to affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These are gene migration or gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination and natural selection. Answer : (d)
Q.12
Mesozoic era was dominated by ... ... [ CPMT 2003 ]
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a) Birds
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b) Fishes
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c) Reptiles
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d) Mammals
Explanation
The Mesozoic era is called the age of reptiles because this is when dinosaurs dominated the Earth. When a mass extinction occurred, it killed off all of the dinosaurs and was one of the largest in the history of the Earth Answer : (c)
Q.13
Which is correct? ... .. [ Odisha 2005 ]
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a) 99% of existed species are extinct
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b) 65% of existed species are extinct
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c) 40% of existed species are extinct
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d) 30% of existed species are extinct
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.14
Name the law that states 'Embryonic development of an animal repeats the embryonic stages of ancestors ... ... [ CPMT 1992 ]
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a) Biogenetics Law
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b) Anaximander's law
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c) Florkin's Law
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d) Law of Segregation
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.15
The idea of natural selection as fundamental process of evolutionary changes was reached ... .. [ KCET 2007]
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a) By Charles Darwin in 1866
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b) Alfred Russel Wallace in 1901
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c) Independently by Darwin and Russel in 1859
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d) Independently by Darwin and Russel in 1900
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.16
The term hot diluted soup was given by ... ...[ HPPMT 2007 ]
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a) Haldane
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b) Urey
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c) Oparin
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.17
Which one is not vestigial in humans? ... ... [ AFMC 2007 ]
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a) Third molar
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b) Coccyx
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c) Segmental abdominal muscles
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d) Finger nails
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.18
Hexaploid Wheat developed through ... .. [ AIIMS 1997 ]
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a) Hybridomas
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b) Chromosome doubling
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c) Hybridization
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d) Hybridization and chromosome doubling
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.19
Darwinian fitness of an organism is a measure of ... .. [ JKCET 2012]
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a) Its ability relative to others, to pass genes to the next generation
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b) Number of offspring it produces
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c) Its life span
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d) Its physical vigor
Explanation
Darwinian fitness :A relative measure of reproductive success of an organism in passing its genes to the next generation's gene pool Darwinian fitness describes how successful an organism has been at passing on its genes. The more likely that an individual is able to survive and live longer to reproduce, the higher is the fitness of that individual. Thus, it may indicate the relative measure of reproductive success of an organism in passing its genes to the next generation. It denotes the relative ability of an individual (or population) to survive, reproduce and propagate genes in an environment. Thus, when one says an organism is biologically fit, it means that the organism is adapted and suitable to its environment based on its relative reproductive success with respect to its population. Answer : (a)
Q.20
Principle of natural Selection was proposed by ... .. [ CPMT 2003]
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a) lamarck
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b) De Vries
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c) Darwin
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d) Mendel
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.21
A living connecting link that provides evidence of organic evolution is ..... [ CPMT 2009]
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a) Sphenodon between reptiles and birds
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b) Archaeopteryx between reptiles and birds
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c) Lung fishes between pisces and reptiles
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d) Duck - billed Platypus between reptiles and mammals
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.22
Evolutionary history of an organism is known as ... ... [ AFMC 2008]
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a) Ontogeny
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b) Phylogeny
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c) Ancestry
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d) Palaeontology
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.23
Reptilian features of Archaeopteryx is ... ..
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a) U -shaped furcula
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b) Beak
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c) Abdominal ribs
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d) Feathers
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.24
Which is a set of evidences of evolution ... ... [ CPMT 1991 ]
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a) Homologous and analogous organs
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b) Homologous and vestigial organs
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c) Analogous and vestigial organs
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d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.25
Mutations are considered raw materials of evolution because they ... ... [ Odisha 2008]
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a) Cause death of organism
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b) Contribute to new variations
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c) Are stable
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d) Random
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.26
Which experiment suggest that simplest living organism could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter? ... .. [ CBSE 2005 ]
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a) Microbes did not appear in stored meat
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b) Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter
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c) Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter
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d) Meat was not spoiled when heated and kept in sealed vessel
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.27
The sequence in evolution of horse was ... ... [ kerala 2000 ]
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a) Equus, Eohippus, Mesohippus, Merychippus
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b) Eohippus, Mesohippus, Merychippus, Equus
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c) Mesohippus, Eohippus, Merychippus, Equus
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d) MErychippus, Eohippus, Equus, Mesohippus
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.28
Who wrote the book " Genetics and Origin of Species"? ... .. [ HAr PMT 2007]
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a) Oparin
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b) Hooker
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c) Bobzhansky
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d) Darwin
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.29
Statement: Long neck of Giraffe is due to centripetal selection Reason: During directional selection when the mean value of phenotype coincides with new optimum environmental conditions, centripetal selection takes over ... ... [ EAMCET
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a) Both statement and reason are true and reason is correct answer to statement
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b) Only statement is true and reason is false
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c) Both are false
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d) Both are true but reason is not correct explanation of statement
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.30
Tachyglossus is connecting link between .. ... [ DPMT 2009]
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a) Reptiles and mammals
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b) Reptiles and birds
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c) Amphibians and reptiles
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d) Birds and mammals
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.31
Select the wrong pair
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a) Haldane → Hot dilute soup
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b) Oparin → Protobionts
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c) Spallanzani → Abiogenesis
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d) Sidney Walter Fox → Coacervates
Explanation
Two scientists Oparin and Sidney Walter Fox discovered the aqueous suspensions of polymers and Oparin gave these aggregates the term coacervates. Answer : (c)
Q.32
Improved races of Pigeon developed due to .. .. [ CPMT 1994 ]
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a) Environmental selection
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b) Natural selection
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c) Artificial selection
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d) Protective selection
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.33
Which are not homologous? ... ... [ CPMT 2001 ]
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a) Fore arm of humans and fins of fishes
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b) Wings of bat and insects
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c) Fins of fishes and flippers of Whales
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d) Human fore arms, Bat's wings and flippers of Whale
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.34
Origin of first mammals occurred ... ... [ AMU 1992 ]
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a) 500 million yrs
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b) 220 million yrs
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c) 1600 million yrs
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d) Over 1600 million yrs ago
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.35
Species are differentiated on the basis of .. ... [ MPPMT 2007]
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a) Interbreeding
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b) Reproductive isolation
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c) Species diversity
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.36
Possible early source of energy was ... ... [ AIIMS 2000 ]
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a) Chlorophyll
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b) CO2
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c) UV radiations and lightning
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d) Green plants
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.37
Industrial melanism is an example of ... .. [ CBSE 2003 ]
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a) Drug resistance
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b) Darkening of skin due to smoke from industries
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c) Protective resemblance with the surroundings
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d) Defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.38
Stanley Miller's experiment supports ... ... [ Manipal 2005 ]
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a) Abiogenesis
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b) Biogenesis
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c) Pangenesis
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d) Chemical theory
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.39
New species develop due to ... ... [ CBSE 2002 ]
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a) Isolation and mutation
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b) Competition and mutation
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c) Isolation and variation
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d) Isolation and competition
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.40
Assertion: Natural selection is the outcome of diierece in survival and reproduction among individual that show variation in one or more traits. Reason: Adaptive forms of a given trait tend to become more common or disappear ... ... [ AIIMS 2004 ]
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
0%
b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
0%
c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
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d) Assertion is false but, Reason is true
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.41
An example of reproductive isolation is .. .. [ JKCMEE 2007]
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a) Mule
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b) Bonellia
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c) Dinosaurs
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d) Archaeopteryx
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.42
Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that .. ... [ CBSE 1993]
0%
a) Darwin was correct
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b) Tail is an essential organs
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c) Mutation theory is wrong
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d) Lamarckism was wrong in inheritance of acquired characters
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.43
Ancestral amphibians were tetrapods that evolved during ... .. [ BHU 2002 ]
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a) Carboniferous period
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b) Cretaceous period
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c) Jurassic period
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d) Devonian period
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.44
Analogous organs are ... ... [ PMT 2001 ]
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a) Wings of Bird and Butterfly
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b) Wings of Bird and Bat
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c) Limbs of Horse and Human
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d) Teeth of Human and Gorilla
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.45
Darwin's theory states that ... ... [ Pb.PMT 2002 ]
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a) Characters are acquired through inheritance
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b) Species change morphologically with time
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c) Nature selects organism which can adapt
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d) Evolution is due to effect of environment
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.46
Under certain conditions, scientists have got cell-like structure but without its true organization. They are called ... ... [ MPPMT 1994 ]
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a) Eobionts
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b) Protists
0%
c) Coacervates
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d) Microbes
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.47
Which is relatively most accurate method of dating of fossils? .... .. [ CBSE 2005 ]
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a) Radiocarbon method
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b) Potassium - Argon method
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c) Electron spin - resonance method
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d) Uranium - lead method
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.48
Which one is used for dating archaeological specimens like bones, shells and wood? .... .. [ JIPMER 2002 ]
0%
a) 3H
0%
b) 14C
0%
c) 121I
0%
d) 32P
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.49
Importance of survival of athe fittest as basic principle of competition in organic evolution was explained by ... .. [ JKCMEE 2007]
0%
a) Lamarck
0%
b) Darwin
0%
c) Mendel
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d) De Vries
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.50
Potential danger is population greatly reduced in number is ... .. [ JKCET 2012]
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a) Hardy - Weinberg disequilibrium
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b) Reduced gene flow
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c) Tendency towards assorted mating
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d) Loss of genetic variability
Explanation
Answer : (d)
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