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Genetic Basis Of Inheritance Mcq
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Q.1
Mutations that develop suddenly in nature are .... ... [ HPPMT 2007 ]
0%
a) Spontaneous
0%
b) Induced
0%
c) Gene mutations
0%
d) Chromosomal mutation
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.2
Where are Barr bodies found .... .. [ AFMCE 2010]
0%
a) Ova
0%
b) Sperms
0%
c) Somatic cells of man
0%
d) Somatic cells of woman
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.3
Seedless watermelons have been obtained through ... .... [ CPMT 2001 ]
0%
a) Vegetative propagation
0%
b) Haploidy
0%
c) Triploidy
0%
d) Gibberellin application
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.4
In a pedigree analysis ȷ = 0 reprents ... ... [ kerala 2008 ]
0%
a) Consanguineous mating
0%
b) Affected parents
0%
c) Siblings
0%
d) Unrelated mating
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.5
AS per latest information human genome has ... ... [ Uttarakhand 2001 ]
0%
a) 3,00,000 gene
0%
b) 30, 000 gene
0%
c) 3,000 gene
0%
d) 300 gene
Explanation
Human genome has 25,000-30,000 genes in human DNA. Answer : (b)
Q.6
Amino acid substituted in sickle cell anaemia is ... ... [ kerala 2004 ]
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a) Glutamic acid for valine in alpha chain
0%
b) Glutamic acid for valine is beta chain
0%
c) Valine for glutamic acid in alpha chain
0%
d) Valine for glutamic acid in beta chain
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.7
Complete haploid set of chromosomes of a species is .... .. [ CPMT 210]
0%
a) Genome
0%
b) Genotype
0%
c) Genetic code
0%
d) Allele
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.8
Recessive mutation is not expressed in ... ... [ DPMT 1996 ]
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a) Homozygous male
0%
b) Heterozygous male
0%
c) Heterozygous female
0%
d) Homozygous female
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.9
Down's syndrome is due to .... ... [ MPPMT 1997 ]
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a) Autosome
0%
b) Sex chromosome
0%
c) Sex-linked disease
0%
d) Duplication
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.10
Morgan proposed that genetic exchange of recombination occurs in the region of .... [ HPPMT 2007 ]
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a) Chiasmata
0%
b) Linkage
0%
c) Centromere
0%
d) Telomere
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.11
Out of A-T, G-C pairing, bases of DNA may exist in alternate valiancy state owing to arrangement called .... ... [ CBSE 1994 ]
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a) Analogue substitution
0%
b) Tautomerisational mutation
0%
c) Frame-shift mutation
0%
d) Point mutation
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.12
One of the following is holandric inheritance ...... .. [ EAMCET 2002 ]
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a) Haemophilia
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b) Epidermolysis
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c) Webbed toes
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d) Turner's syndrome
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.13
Primary source of allelic variation is ... ... [ AIIMS 2005 ]
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a) Independent assortment
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b) Recombination
0%
c) Mutation
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d) Polyploidy
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.14
In heredity the genes are obtained from .... ... [ Bih PMT 1996]
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a) Father
0%
b) Mother
0%
c) Both
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.15
One of the following is a random process... ... [ AMU 2000 ]
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a) Variations
0%
b) Adaptations
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c) Evolution
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d) Mutations
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.16
Number of linkage group in Escherichia coil is .... ... [ DPMT 2007 ]
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a) 1
0%
b) 2
0%
c) 4
0%
d) 5
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.17
A child gets sex-linked traits from ... ... [ Bih PMT 1994 ]
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a) Father
0%
b) Mother
0%
c) Both father and mother
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.18
Which of the following discoveries resulted in Nobel Prize .... ... [ CBSE 2003 ]
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a) Recombination of linked genes
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b) X-rays induce sex-linked recessive lethal mutations
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c) Genetic Engineering
0%
d) Cytoplasmic inheritance
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.19
X-rays cause mutation by .... .. [ BHU 2001 ]
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a) transition
0%
b) transversion
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c) deletion
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d) base substitution
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.20
Shape of chromosomes is determined by position of ... ... [ CPMT 2001 ]
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a) Centrosome
0%
b) Centromere
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c) Telomere
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d) Micromere
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.21
Which one is triploid ... .. [ BHU 1996 ]
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a) Mango
0%
b) Wheat
0%
c) Orange
0%
d) Banana
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.22
Sex-linked characters have a district feature of ... ... [ BHU 2006 ]
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a) Occurrence on X-chromosome
0%
b) Occurrence on Y-chromosome
0%
c) Non crises-cross inheritance
0%
d) Criss-cross inheritance
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.23
The condition of an extra chromosome in addition to its homologous pair is ... .. [ KCET 2005 ]
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a) Trisomy
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b) Monosomy
0%
c) Polyploidy
0%
d) Nullisomy
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.24
In cystic fibrosis there is ... ....
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a) Failure of chloride ion transport
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b) Mucous clogging of lungs
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c) Defective functioning
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.25
Linkage in plants was first shown in ... .. [ MPPMT 2000 ]
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a) Zea mays
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b) lathyrus odoratus
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c) Oenothera lamarckiana
0%
d) Pisum sativum
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.26
Larva of Bonellia settling near proboscis of adult female develops into male due to ... ... [ MPPMT 1995 ]
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a) Substances secreted by proboscis
0%
b) Electrolysis in water
0%
c) Oxygen in environment
0%
d) Carbon dioxide in environment
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.27
The phenomenon of exchange of segments between nonsister chromatids/ paternal and maternal chromosomes is called .... .. [ DPMT 2010]
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a) Linkage
0%
b) Recombination
0%
c) Crossing over
0%
d) Segregation
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.28
Which one id de novo mutation? [ AMU 1997 ]
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a) TT × TT → TT
0%
b) tt × tt → Tt
0%
c) Tt × tt → Tt
0%
d) Tt × Tt → TT, Tt, tt
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.29
Genes present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are found in .... ... [ AIIMS 2006 ]
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a) Mitochondria and inherited via egg cytoplasm
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b) Lysosomes and peroxisomes
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c) Golgi bodies and SER
0%
d) Plastids and inherited via male gametes
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.30
haploid chromosome number of body cells is ... ... [ manipal 2005 ]
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a) 21
0%
b) 22
0%
c) 23
0%
d) 46
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.31
Mustard gas was used as a chemical mutagen for the first time by .... .. [ AMU 2003 ]
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a) Muller
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b) Alter Berg
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c) Auerbach and Robinson
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d) Stadler
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.32
A recessive mutation is .... .. [ Odisha 2004 ]
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a) Not expressed
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b) Rarely expressed
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c) Expressed only in homozygous and hemizygous states
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d) Expressed only in hetrozygous state
Explanation
For a recessive mutation to express itself, the mutated copies must be present on both the chromosomes. This is expressed in homozyhous and hemizygous state. For example, if it is X-linked recessive, the female have homozygous condition whereas male should have a hemizygous condition. Answer : (c)
Q.33
What map unit (Centimorgan) is adopted in the construction of genetic maps? [NEET 2019]
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a) A unit of distance between two expressed genes representing 10% cross over.
0%
b) A unit of distance between two expressed genes representing 100% cross over.
0%
c) A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 1% cross over.
0%
d) A unit of distance between genes on chromosomes, representing 50% cross over.
Explanation
In genetics, a centimorgan (abbreviated cM) or map unit (m.u.) is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. One map unit (m.u.) is about 100,000 base pairs on a physical map and corresponds to 1% recombination during meiosis. This means that one crossing-over event between two loci that are one cM apart occurs in every hundred meioses. The estimation of the total num Answer : (c)
Q.34
The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes was explained by : [ NEET 2019]
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a) T.H. Morgan
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b) Gregor J. Mendel
0%
c) Alfred Sturtevant
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d) Sutton Boveri
Explanation
Alfred Sturtevant explained chromosomal mapping on the basis of recombination frequency which is directly proportional to distance between two genes on same chromosome Answer : (c)
Q.35
Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched ? [NEET 2018]
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a) XO type sex : Grasshopper determination
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b) ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
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c) Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
0%
d) T.H. Morgan : Linkage
Explanation
The gene controlling starch synthesis in pea exhibits pleiotropy. The gene regulates the starch synthesis and the shape of the seed. Answer : (c)
Q.36
Select the correct statement : [NEET 2018]
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a) Spliceosomes take part in translation.
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b) Punnett square was developed by a British scientist.
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c) Franklin Stahl coined the term ‘‘linkage’’.
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d) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman.
Explanation
Reginald Punnett and William Bateson were among the first English geneticists. Punnett devised the "Punnett Square" to depict the number and variety of genetic combinations, and had a role in shaping the Hardy-Weinberg law. Answer : (b)
Q.37
A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by [NEET 2018]
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a) Only grandchildren
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b) Only sons
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c) Only daughters
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d) Both sons and daughters
Explanation
Gamete
X
X
d
X
XX
Normal girl
X
d
X
diseased girl
Y
XY
Normal boy
X
d
Y
diseased boy
A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. This means 50% of the offspring will inherit it, even if she marries a normal male. Answer : (d)
Q.38
Select the incorrect match : [NEET 2018]
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a) Submetacentric chromosomes – L-shaped chromososmes
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b) Allosomes – Sex chromosomes
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c) Lampbrush chromosomes – Diplotene bivalents
0%
d) Polytene chromosomes – Oocytes of amphibians
Explanation
Allosome: A sex chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, or behaviour. A submetacentric chromosome is a chromosome whose centromere is located near the middle. As a result, the chromosomal arms (i.e. p and q arms) are slightly unequal in length and may also form an L-shape. Lampbrush chromosomes are special type of chromosomes that are found in the immature eggs of many animals like amphibian oocytes but not in mammals. These are formed during the diplotene stage of meiotic prophase I. They are bivalent, that is made up of two conjugating homologues. Polytene chromosomes are giant chromosomes. They are commonly seen in two-winged flies. Answer : (d)
Q.39
Carrier female marries a normal vision male. How many daughters would be colour blind carriers? [ Wardha 2011]
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a) Zero
0%
b) 25%
0%
c) 50%
0%
d) 100%
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.40
Chromosome aberration occurs due to ... ... [ CPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Aneuploidy
0%
b) Polyploidy
0%
c) Physical effects
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.41
An octamer of four histones complex with DNA is called ... ... [ AMU 2002 ]
0%
a) Endosome
0%
b) Nucleosome
0%
c) Raff
0%
d) Nucleotin
Explanation
Histones are organised to form a unit of eight molecules called histone octamer. The negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer to form a structure called nucleosome. Answer : (b)
Q.42
Distance between two linked genes is measured in map units that depict ... ... [ AIIMS 1998 ]
0%
a) ratio of crossing over between them
0%
b) cross-over value
0%
c) number of genes between them
0%
d) both B and C
Explanation
His student Alfred Sturtevant used the frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes and ‘mapped’ their position on the chromosome. Closely located genes assorted together, and distantly located genes, due to recombination, assorted independently. Linkage maps, therefore, corresponded to arrangement of genes on a chromosome. Answer : (b)
Q.43
Select the incorrect statement from the following ... .. [ CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) Baldness is a sex-limited trait
0%
b) Linkage is an exception to the principle of independent assortment
0%
c) Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism
0%
d) Small population size results in random genetic drift in a population
Explanation
Sex-limited genes are genes that are present in both sexes of sexually reproducing species but are expressed in only one sex. In other words, sex-limited genes cause the two sexes to show different traits or phenotypes, despite having the same genotype. This term is restricted to autosomal trait, not be confused with sex-linked characteristics. Pattern baldness is a sex-linked recessive trait, which indicates that it is carried on the X chromosome. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Melanuria ( black urine) is caused by abnormal catabolism of .... ... [ pB. PMT 2005]
0%
a) Alanine
0%
b)Tyrosine
0%
c) Proline
0%
d) Tryptophan
Explanation
Alkaptonuria, or black urine disease, is a very rare inherited disorder that prevents the body fully breaking down two protein building blocks (amino acids) called tyrosine and phenylalanine. It results in a build-up of a chemical called homogentisic acid in the body. Answer : (b)
Q.45
The male has a mutation in his mitochondria. During segregation, the mutation is found in ... .. [ CBSE 2004]
0%
a) None of the progeny
0%
b) One third of progeny
0%
c) Half of progeny
0%
d) Whole of progeny
Explanation
The nuclear genes follow the Mendelian, biparental inheritance but the genes present in chloroplast and mitochondria follow cytoplasmic inheritance. The female gamete contributes cytoplasm to the developing embryo. The male has a mutation in his mitochondria that does not contribute cytoplasm to the development of the zygote; therefore the mutation does not appear in any progeny. Answer : (a)
Q.46
The term mutation was given by ... .. [ Bihar PMT 2000 ]
0%
a) De Vries
0%
b) Mendel
0%
c) Darwin
0%
d) Lamarck
Explanation
In 1901 the geneticist Hugo de Vries gave the name "mutation" to seemingly new forms that suddenly arose in his experiments on the evening primrose Oenothera lamarckiana. Answer : (a)
Q.47
Diethyl sulphate is ... .. [ Wardha 2003 ]
0%
a) Insecticide
0%
b) Antibiotic
0%
c) Mutagen
0%
d) Fusogen
Explanation
Many chemical and physical factors induce mutations. These are referred to as mutagens. Dimethyl sulphate (DMS) and diethyl sulphate (DES) are monofunctional alkylating agents that have been shown to induce mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and other genetic alterations in a diversity of organisms. Answer : (c)
Q.48
Turner's syndrome is ... ... [ AMU 2012 ]
0%
a) Case of monosomy
0%
b) Cause of sterility in females
0%
c) Absence of Barr body
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Turner’s syndrome results due to loss of an X chromosome in human females. This suitation is called monosomy. Turner’s Syndrome : Such a disorder is caused due to the absence of one of the X chromosomes, i.e., 45 with X0, Such females are sterile as ovaries are rudimentary besides other features including lack of other secondary sexual characters. Answer : (d)
Q.49
male is haploid in . ... [ uttarakhand 2001]
0%
a) lizard
0%
b) Cockroach
0%
c) Honey bee
0%
d) Bats
Explanation
In honeybees, males are haploid, i.e., having 16 chromosomes. The females are diploid having 32 chromosomes. Answer : (c)
Q.50
What is correct? [ kerala 2007 ]
0%
a) Monosomy and nullisomy are two types of euploidy
0%
b) Polyploidy is more common in animals than in plants
0%
c) Polyploidy occur due to failure in separation of complete sets of chromosomes
0%
d) 2n - 1 is trisomy
Explanation
Failure of cytokinesis after telophase stage of cell division results in an increase in a whole set of chromosomes in an organism and, this phenomenon is known as polyploidy. This condition is often seen in plants A trisomy is a chromosomal condition characterised by an additional chromosome. A person with a trisomy has 47 chromosomes instead of 46.[2n+1] Monosomy and nulliosmy is a form of aneuploidy. Answer : (c)
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