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Genetic Basis Of Inheritance Mcq
Quiz 3
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Q.1
Most likely reason for development of resistance in insects against pesticides is ... ... [ CBSE 2004 ]
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a) Genetic recombination
0%
b) Acquired heritable changes
0%
c) Random mutations
0%
d) Directed mutations
Explanation
Repeated uses of the pesticide lead to increased population of less-susceptible individuals. Thus, the random mutation in less proportion of pest population is favoured and pesticide resistance is developed. Answer : (c)
Q.2
Moody describes mutation as .... ... [ MPPMT 2010 ]
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a) Factor
0%
b) Saltation
0%
c) Sport
0%
d) Shotgun
Explanation
According to Moody, mutation is a shotgun. It is an inheritable change in germplasm. Answer : (d)
Q.3
Basic set of chromosome number is called .... ... [ HPPMT 2007 ]
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a) Euploid
0%
b) Polyploid
0%
c) Aneuploid
0%
d) Monoploid
Explanation
The number of chromosomes found in a single complete set of chromosomes is called the monoploid number Answer : (d)
Q.4
Chromosomes were first seen by .... .. [ mPPMT 2002 ]
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a) Hofmeister
0%
b) Strasburger
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c) Fleming
0%
d) Waldeyer
Explanation
It's generally recognized that chromosomes were first discovered by Walther Flemming in 1882. Answer : (c)
Q.5
Cytoplasmic inheritance is also called ... ... [ CPMT 1998 ]
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a) Maternal inheritance
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b) Clonal inheritance
0%
c) Cytoplasmic association
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Cytoplasmic inheritance is defined as the inheritance of organelle DNA from the parents. Several research experiments reports that almost all of the organelle DNA in certain groups of plants is inherited from the mother. Thus, cytoplasmic inheritance is also called maternal inheritance. Answer : (a)
Q.6
Sex chromosomes of birds are ... ... [ CPMT 2007 ]
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a) ZZ - ZW
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b) ZZ - WW
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c) XX - XY
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d) XO - XX
Explanation
Sex chromosomes of a female bird has been designated to be the Z and W chromosomes. In these organisms the females have one Z and one W chromosome, whereas males have a pair of Z-chromosomes besides the autosomes. Answer : (a)
Q.7
A hereditary disease which is seldom passed from father to son is ... ... [ JKCMEE 2005 ]
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a) Autosomal linked disease
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b) X-chromosomal linked disease
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c) Y-chromosomal linked disease
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d) None of the above
Explanation
he X-linked diseases are passed from father to daughters only, never to the sons because sons never receive the X-chromosome from father. Answer : (b)
Q.8
Linkage map of X-chromosome of fruit fly has 66 map units with yellow body gene(y) at one end and bobbed hair (b) at the other. The recombination frequency between y and b would be .... .. [ CBSE 2003 ]
0%
a) 6%
0%
b) > 50%
0%
c) ≤ 50%
0%
d) 100%
Explanation
Distance between two genes is measured in map unit. One map unit is equal to 1% recombination frequency. Recombination frequency is always less than map distance and never exceeds than 50%. Answer : (c)
Q.9
Linkage was discovered by .... ... [ Bih.PMT 1996]
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a) Punnett
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b) Mendel
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c) Muller
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d) Morgan
Explanation
Morgan carried out several dihybrid crosses in Drosophila to study genes that were sex-linked. Morgan and his group knew that the genes were located on the X chromosome and saw quickly that when the two genes in a dihybrid cross were situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combinations were much higher than the non-parental type. Morgan attributed this due to the physical association or linkage of the two genes and coined the term linkage to describe this physical association of genes on a chromosome and the term recombination to describe the generation of non-parental gene combinations Answer : (d)
Q.10
Alzheimer disease in humans is associated with the deficiency of ... ... [ CBSE 2009 ]
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a) Glutamic acid
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b) Dopamine
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c) Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)
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d) Acetylcholine
Explanation
he pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been linked to a deficiency in the brain neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Answer : (d)
Q.11
Number of Barr bodies in human female is ... ... [ Har. PMT 2001 ]
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a) 1
0%
b) 2
0%
c) 3
0%
d) 4
Explanation
The Barr, or sex chromatin, body is an inactive X chromosome. It appears as a dense, dark-staining spot at the periphery of the nucleus of each somatic cell in the human female. XX females have one Barr body per cell, XXX females have 2 Barr bodies per cell. Answer : (a)
Q.12
Man-made cereal is ...... [ BHU 1995 ]
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a) Triticum
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b) Hordeum
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c) Triticale
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d) Eleusine
Explanation
Triticale is a man-made cereal. Triticale is a hybrid cross of wheat and rye. The first cross was reported in 1875 and the first fertile cross in 1888. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Genes located on differential region of Y-chromosomes are called . .... [ AIIMS 1998 ]
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a) XY linked genes
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b) Holandric gene
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c) Autosomal genes
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d) Mutant genes
Explanation
Y linkage, also known as holandric inheritance describes traits that are produced by genes located on the Y chromosome. It is a form of sex linkage. For a trait to be considered Y linkage, it must exhibit these characteristics: (i) occurs only in males (ii) appears in all sons of males who exhibit that trait (iii) is absent from daughters of trait carriers; instead the daughters that are phenotypically normal and do not have affected offspring. Answer : (b)
Q.14
Which is an example of cytoplasmic inheritance? .... .. [ DPMT 1996]
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a) Eye colour in Drosophila
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b) Flower colour in Pea
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c) Height in Pea
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d) Sterile pollen
Explanation
The inheritance of characters controlled by genes present in the cell cytoplasm rather than by genes on the chromosomes in the cell nucleus. Cytoplasmic male sterility is total or partial male sterility in plants as the result of specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Male sterility is the failure of plants to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes. Answer : (d)
Q.15
A somatic cell in human male contains .... ...
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a) No gene on sex chromosomes
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b) Only one sex-linked gene for each character
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c) Two genes for every sex-linked character
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d) Genes only on sex chromosomes
Explanation
Somatic cells are the cells in the body other than sperm and egg cells (which are called germ cells). In humans, somatic cells are diploid, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. Answer : (b)
Q.16
An agent that promotes occurrence of mutation is called .... ... [ Odisha 2007]
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a) Carcinogen
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b) Mutagen
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c) Muton
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d) Both B and C
Explanation
Many chemical and physical factors that induce mutations. These are referred to as mutagens. UV radiations can cause mutations in organisms – it is a mutagen. Answer : (b)
Q.17
Haemophilia occurs because of ... ... [ CET Chd. 1997 ]
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a) Mutation in an autosome
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b) Mutation of Y-chromosome
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c) Mutation of X-chromosome
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d) Deficiency of iron
Explanation
Haemophilia : This sex linked recessive disease, which shows its transmission from unaffected carrier female to some of the male progeny has been widely studied. In this disease, a single protein that is a part of the cascade of proteins involved in the clotting of blood is affected. Due to this, in an affected individual a simple cut will result in non-stop bleeding. Since it sex linked recessive, it means there is mutation in X chromosome. Answer : (c)
Q.18
Presence of one Barr body in WBC indicate that the person is .... .. [ Kerala 2003]
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a) Colour blind
0%
b) Normal male
0%
c) Normal female
0%
d) Haemophilic
Explanation
The number of Barr bodies is always one less than the total number of X chromosomes. A human male with XY sex chromosomes lacks Barr body. A normal human female with XX sex chromosome has 1 Barr body. Answer : (c)
Q.19
Which is not a correct match ? .... ... [ Odisha 2002 ]
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a) Sex determination - Chromosomal phenomenon
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b) red -green colour blindness - sex linked character
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c) Abnormal chromosome number - polyploidy
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d) Y-chromosomes - autosomal
Explanation
The Y chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in humans. The other being X chromosome. Answer : (d)
Q.20
A colour blind girl is rare because she will be born only when ... .. [ CBSE 1991 ]
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a) Her mother and maternal grand father were blind
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b) Her father and maternal grand father were colour blind
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c) Her mother is colour blind and father has normal vision
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d) Parents have normal vision but grand parents were colour blind
Explanation
Colour Blindness : It is a sex-linked recessive disorder due to defect in either red or green cone of eye resulting in failure to discriminate between red and green colour. This defect is due to mutation in certain genes present in the X chromosome. A daughter will not normally be colour blind, unless her mother is a carrier and her father is colour blind. For mother to be carrier, girl's maternal grandfather should be colour blind. Answer : (b)
Q.21
Lack of independent assortment between two gene A and B would be due to ... .. [ AFMC 2008]
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a) Crossing over
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b) Linkage
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c) Repulsion
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d) Recombination
Explanation
Linkage is an exception to Mendel's law of independent assortment. The law states that inherited genes are independent of each other. Linkage is an exception to this law as two genes are situated on the same chromosome, however, this is usually diminished when there is a crossing over of chromosomes. Answer : (b)
Q.22
Mutation in which a part or complete gene is removed is .... .. [ CMC 2003]
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b) Inversion
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a) Deletion
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c) Translocation
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d) Duplication
Explanation
A deletion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA. A deletion can involve the loss of any number of nucleotides, from a single nucleotide to an entire piece of a chromosome. Answer : (a)
Q.23
Which one of the following character in man is controlled by a recessive gene?
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a) Colour blindness
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b) Woolly hair
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c) Brachydactyly
0%
d) Curly hairs
Explanation
Colour Blidness : It is a sex-linked recessive disorder due to defect in either red or green cone of eye resulting in failure to discriminate between red and green colour. This defect is due to mutation in certain genes present in the X chromosome. Curly hair is considered a “dominant” gene trait. Answer : (a)
Q.24
Cross over frequency is proportional to ... ... [AFMC 1999 ]
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a) Phenotypic recombinant frequency
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b) Genotypic recombinant frequency
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c) Haploid number of chromosomes
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d) Diploid number of chromosomes
Explanation
cross over frequency is directly proportional to recombination frequency. The more distantly located are the gene, the more are the chances of cross over between them and the more are the percent of recombinant genotypes in offspring. Answer : (b)
Q.25
Chromosome ends are called .... ...
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a) Satellites
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b) Telomere
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c) Centromere
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d) Kinetochores
Explanation
A telomere is a region of repetitive DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome. Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from becoming frayed or tangled. Answer : (b)
Q.26
An organism carrying mutated gene is ... .. [ Odisha 2007 ]
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a) Mutant
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b) recon
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c) Muton
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d) Mutator
Explanation
a mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is generally an alteration of the DNA sequence of the genome or chromosome of an organism. Answer : (a)
Q.27
Sickle cell anaemia is a .... ... [ BHU 2003 ]
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a) Metabolic disorder
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b) Genetic disorder
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c) Degenerative disorder
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d) Pathogenic disorder
Explanation
Genetic disorders may be grouped into two categories – Mendelian disorders and Chromosomal disorders. Mendelian disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in the single gene. Most common and prevalent Mendelian disorders are Haemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anaemia, Colour blindness, Phenylketonuria, Thalassemia. Answer : (b)
Q.28
Inheritance would be extra nuclear in case of .... ... [ CBSE 2001 ]
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a) killer Amoeba
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b) killer Paramecium
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c) killer Euglena
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d) killer Hydra
Explanation
Extranuclear inheritance or cytoplasmic inheritance is the inheritance of the characters of only one parent (generally the female parent). This occurs in killer paramecium. Answer : (b)
Q.29
Which is not a hereditary disease ... .. [ CBSE 2005 ]
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a) Cystic fibrosis
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b) Cretinism
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c) Thalassemia
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d) haemophilia
Explanation
Mendelian disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in the single gene. These disorders are transmitted to the offspring. Most common and prevalent Mendelian disorders are Haemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anaemia, Colour blindness, Phenylketonuria, Thalassemia, etc Answer : (b)
Q.30
Sickle cell anaemia is ... .. [ CBSE 2009]
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a) Characterized by elongated sickle-like RBCs with a nucleus
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b) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in beta globulin chain of haemoglobin
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c) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
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d) An autosomal linked dominant trait
Explanation
Sickle cell anaemia is a mendelian disorder. Mendelian disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in the single gene. Sickle-cell anaemia : This is an autosome linked recessive trait that can be transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are carrier for the gene (or heterozygous). Answer : (c)
Q.31
A male human is heterozygous for autosomal genes A and B. He is also hemizygous for haemophilic gene h. What proportion of sperms will carry abh ... [ CBSE 2004 ]
0%
a) 1/8
0%
b) 1/32
0%
c) 1/4
0%
d) 1/16
Explanation
form all the kinds of gametes you can get with this,,, abXh ABXh abY AbY aBX aBY ABY AbXh but they are asking for portion of abXh.. therfore ans is 1/8 Answer : (a)
Q.32
Linkage was discovered by ... .. [ BHU 1991 ]
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a) Blakeslee
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b) Sutton
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c) Muller
0%
d) Bateson and Punnett
Explanation
Linkage was discovered by Bateson and Punnett in sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus). Answer : (d)
Q.33
A reason for maternal inheritance is due to genes present in ..... ... [ CPMT 1999 ]
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a) Cytoplasm
0%
b) Mitochondria
0%
c) Lysosomes
0%
d) Nucleolus
Explanation
Some characters are controlled by cytoplasmic genes present in mitochondria and chloroplast because in zygote cytoplasm is derived from egg (female parent) Answer : (b)
Q.34
In cross between genotype AB and ++, 650 out of 1000 individuals were of parental type. The distance between A and B is ... ... [ DPMT 1994]
0%
a) 35 map units
0%
b) 45 map units
0%
c) 15 map units
0%
d) 30 map units
Explanation
Rcombinant type = 1000 - parental type. = 1000-650 = 350 The distance between a and b = no. of recombinants/total no. of offsprings * 100 = 350/1000 *100 = 35 map units. Answer : (a)
Q.35
Which chromosome condition is Jacob syndrome .... ... [BHU 2012 ]
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a) 44 +XO
0%
b) 44 + XXY
0%
c) 44 + XYY
0%
d) 45 + XYY
Explanation
Jacobs syndrome, also known as 47,XYY syndrome, is a rare genetic condition that occurs in about 1 out of 1000 male children. It belongs to a group of conditions known as "sex chromosome trisomies", with Klinefelter's syndrome being the more common type. This condition was initially discovered in the 1960s. Answer : (c)
Q.36
When two genetic loci produce identical phenotypes in cis and trans position, they are ... .... [ Pb.PMT 2005 ]
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a) Pseudoalleles
0%
b) Multiple alleles
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c) Part of same gene
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d) Different genes
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.37
Loss of a single chromosome produces a condition called..... ... [Odisha 2003 ]
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a) Haploidy
0%
b) Nullisomy
0%
c) Trisomy
0%
d) Monosomy
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.38
Expression of recessive genes on X-chromosome occurs in males because of ... .. [ KCET 2008 ]
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a) Hemizygous condition
0%
b) Homozygous nature
0%
c) Polyzygous nature
0%
d) inverted condition
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.39
Chimera is produced as a result of ... ... [ DPMT 2011]
0%
a) Lethal mutations
0%
b) Reverse mutations
0%
c) Somatic mutations
0%
d) Pleiotropic mutations
Explanation
A chimera is essentially a single organism that's made up of cells from two or more "individuals"—that is, it contains two sets of DNA, with the code to make two separate organisms. Mutations acquired by these cells during the course of their lifetimes, are called somatic mutations. The occurrence of a somatic mutation in the early stages of embryonic development or during the fusion of two zygotes, leads to an organism possessing more than one distinct set of DNA, and is called a chimera. OTHER OPTIONS Lethal mutation: A gene mutation whose expression results in the premature death of the organism carrying it. Dominant lethals kill heterozygotes, whereas recessive lethals kill homozygotes only. Reverse mutations: are defined as mutations that fully or partially restore the activity of a mutant gene. pleiotropic mutation: A mutation that affects expression of several characteristics. Mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on several traits simultaneously, due to the gene coding for a product used by a myriad of cells or different targets that have the same signaling function. Answer : (c)
Q.40
In Drosophila, white eye colour is recessive X-linked trait while red eye colour is dominant. A white eyed female is crossed with red eyed male. The female off spring with red eye colour would be ..... ... [CPMT 199]
0%
a) 100%
0%
b) 50%
0%
c) 25%
0%
d) Zero
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.41
Recessive gene present on one X-chromosome of human will be .... ... [ CBSE 2004 ]
0%
a) Lethal
0%
b) Sublethal
0%
c) Expressed in males
0%
d) Expressed in females
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.42
The substance which causes a definite change in genes is called ... ... [ DPMT 1996]
0%
a) Mutagen
0%
b) Toxin
0%
c) Cytotoxin
0%
d) Alkaloid
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.43
R and Y genes of Maize lie very close to each other. When RRYY and rryy genotypes are hybridized, F2 generation will show ... ... [ CBSE 2007 ]
0%
a) Segregation in 9.3 : 3 : 1 ratio
0%
b) Segregation in 3:1
0%
c) Higher number of parental types
0%
d) Higher number of recombinant types
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.44
Mobile genetic sequence are called ... ... [ Odisha 2010 ]
0%
a) Exons
0%
b) Cistrons
0%
c) Introns
0%
d) Transposons
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.45
Which is not sex-linked .... ... [ MPPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) Colour blindness
0%
b) Myopia
0%
c) Haemophilia
0%
d) Down's syndrome
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.46
Which one can reverse the harmful effect of previous mutation? ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Intergenic mutation
0%
b) Intragenic mutation
0%
c) Suppressor mutation
0%
d) Indirect suppression
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.47
Extra 18th autosomal chromosome results in ... ... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Edward's syndrome
0%
b) Patau's syndrome
0%
c) Down's syndrome
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.48
Christmas disease is another name of . .... [ CBSE 2003]
0%
a) Sleeping sickness
0%
b) Down's syndrome
0%
c) Hepatitis
0%
d) Haemophilia B
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.49
A boy with normal brother and colour blind sister has his parents .... .
0%
a) Father normal, mother colour blind
0%
b) Both normal
0%
c) Both colour blind
0%
d) Father colour blind , mother normal
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.50
Presence of beard in a man is ... ... [ MHTCET 2001 ]
0%
a) Sex limited character
0%
b) Sex influenced character
0%
c) Y-linked character
0%
d) X-linked character
Explanation
Answer : (a)
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