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Quiz 7
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Q.1
Heroin is obtained from … [ AMU 1998]
0%
a) Tobacco
0%
b) Poppy/ Papaver
0%
c) Datura
0%
d) Cannabis
Explanation
Heroin is obtained from Poppy/ Papaver Answer : (b)
Q.2
Which is not a water borne disease? … [ AFMC 1996]
0%
a) Asthma
0%
b) Cholera
0%
c) Amoebiasis
0%
d) Typhoid
Explanation
Airborne allergens and chemicals cause respiratory disease - inflammation in the nose and in the lung. Lung inflammation is often expressed as asthma Answer : (a)
Q.3
Humoral immunity is due to … [ BHU 1998]
0%
a) T-lymphocytes
0%
b) L- lymphocytes
0%
c) P-lymphocytes
0%
d) B-lymphocytes/Plasma cells
Explanation
The humoral immune response is mediated by antibody molecules that are secreted by plasma cells. Antigen that binds to the B-cell antigen receptor signals B cells and is, at the same time, internalized and processed into peptides that activate armed helper Answer : (d)
Q.4
AIDS virus spreads in the body through … [ MHTCET 2002]
0%
a) Suppressor T-cells
0%
b) Carrier T-cells
0%
c) Helper T-cells
0%
d) Killer T-cells
Explanation
HIV infects a type of white blood cell in the body's immune system called a T-helper cell (also called a CD4 cell). These vital cells keep us healthy by fighting off infections and diseases. HIV cannot reproduce on its own. Instead, the virus attaches itself to a T-helper cell and fuses with it (joins together). Answer : (c)
Q.5
In anaphylactic shock, the substance which causes dilation of blood vessels and capillary leakage is … [ JKCET 2012]
0%
a) Adrenaline
0%
b) Benadryl
0%
c) Albumin
0%
d) Histamine
Explanation
Aanaphylactic shock an extreme, often life-threatening allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive. Histamines, the substances released by the body during an allergic reaction. Histamine binding to endothelial cells causes them to contract, thus increasing vascular leak. It also stimulates synthesis and release of various vascular smooth muscle cell relaxants, such as nitric oxide, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors and other compounds, resulting in blood vessel dilatio Answer : (d)
Q.6
Interferon acts against … [ MPPMT 1998]
0%
a) Bacteria
0%
b) Fungus
0%
c) Virus
0%
d) Snake venom
Explanation
Interferon is secreted by cells in response to stimulation by a virus or other foreign substance, but it does not directly inhibit the virus's multiplication. Rather, it stimulates the infected cells and those nearby to produce proteins that prevent the virus from replicating within them. Answer : (c)
Q.7
Fatty liver syndrome is due to excessive intake of … [ Manipal 2001]
0%
a) Morphine
0%
b) Tobacco
0%
c) Alcohol
0%
d) Both b and c
Explanation
This build-up of fat can be caused by a variety of things. Drinking too much alcohol can cause alcoholic fatty liver disease. This is the first stage of alcohol-related liver disease. Answer : (c)
Q.8
Short lived immunity acquired by foetus/ infant from mother through placenta/ milk is … [ AFMC 2012]
0%
a) Active immunity
0%
b) Passive immunity
0%
c) Cellular immunity
0%
d) Innate nonspecific immunity
Explanation
Short - lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorised as Passive immunity. Answer : (b)
Q.9
Which one is a hallucinogen? ..[ KCET 1997]
0%
a) LSD
0%
b) Heroin
0%
c) Cocaine
0%
d) Morphine
Explanation
LSD and marijuana effects on the brain can result in:hallucinations, impulsiveness, rapid mood changes that can range from euphoria to fear and paranoia, altered sense of self, synesthesia, or a crossing of the senses, increased blood pressure, fast heart rate, increase in body temperature, sweating, numbness and weakness Answer : (a)
Q.10
Assertion: LSD and marijuana are clinically used as analgesics Reason: Both these drugs suppress brain function …. [ AIIMS 2006]
0%
a) If both the assertion and reason are true and reason explains the assertion
0%
b) If both the assertion and reason are true but reason does not explain the assertion.
0%
c) If assertion is true but reason is false
0%
d) If both assertion and reason are false
Explanation
LSD and marijuana are used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, psychosomatic diseases and addiction. Assertion s false LSD and marijuana effects on the brain can result in: impulsiveness, rapid mood changes that can range from euphoria to fear and paranoia, altered sense of self, hallucinations, synesthesia, or a crossing of the senses, increased blood pressure, fast heart rate, increase in body temperature, sweating, numbness and weakness Answer : (d)
Q.11
Black water fever’ is a serious complication of … [ CMC 1993]
0%
a) Plasmodium vivax
0%
b) P.falciparum
0%
c) P.ovale
0%
d) P.malariae
Explanation
Blackwater fever, also called malarial hemoglobinuria, one of the less common yet most dangerous complications of malaria. It occurs almost exclusively with infection from the parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Answer : (b)
Q.12
Type of immunoglobulin present in colostrum/ only mother’s milk is … [ AIIMS 1997]
0%
a) IgA
0%
b) IgG
0%
c) IgD
0%
d) IgE
Explanation
Human breast milk contains large quantities of secretory Ig A (sIgA). These antibodies, which have formed as a consequence of the mother's previous exposure to infectious agents, can bind to potential pathogens and prevent their attachment to the infant's cells. Answer : (a)
Q.13
Which of the following techniques is safest for the detection of cancer? … [ CBSE 2010]
0%
a) Magnetic resonance imaging
0%
b) Radiography
0%
c) Computed tomography
0%
d) Histopathological study
Explanation
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) creates pictures of soft tissue parts of the body that are sometimes hard to see using other imaging tests. MRI is very good at finding and pinpointing some cancers. It is safe because radiation is not used, there is no risk of exposure to radiation during an MRI procedure. X-rays and other radiographic tests help doctors look for cancer in different parts of the body including bones, and organs like the stomach and kidneys. Computed tomography (CT scans) use X-rays, which produce ionizing radiation. Research shows that this kind of radiation may damage your DNA and lead to cancer The pathologist slices the tissue into thin layers, puts them on slides, stains them with dye, and takes a detailed look with a microscope. The pathologist notes what the cancer cells look like, how they compare to normal cells, and whether they've spread into nearby tissue Answer : (a)
Q.14
Interferon are … [ HPPMT 2010]
0%
a) Protein products of macrophages which destroy microbes
0%
b) Allergens
0%
c) Antibody molecules
0%
d) Proteins secreted by virus infected cells which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection
Explanation
Virally infected cells produce and release small proteins called interferons, which play a role in immune protection against viruses. Interferons prevent replication of viruses, by directly interfering with their ability to replicate within an infected cell. Answer : (d)
Q.15
Which one of the following cannot be used for preparation of vaccination against plague? …[ CBSE 2010]
0%
a) Heat killed suspension of virulent bacteria
0%
b) Formalin inactivated suspension of virulent bacteria
0%
c) A virulent live bacteria
0%
d) Synthetic capsular polysaccharide material
Explanation
The plague vaccine is prepared from Y. pestis organisms grown in artificial media, inactivated with formaldehyde, and preserved in 0.5% phenol. Answer : (c)
Q.16
Psychological disorder is characterized by sadness, hopelessness, low self esteem, decline in interest, energy, concentration and changes in sleep pattern and appetite is called …. [ kerala 2007 ]
0%
a) Anxiety disorder
0%
b) Obsessive – compulsive disorder
0%
c) Attention deficit disorder
0%
d) Mood disorder
Explanation
symptoms of mood disorders Ongoing sad, anxious, or “empty” mood Feeling hopeless or helpless Having low self-esteem Feeling inadequate or worthless Excessive guilt Repeating thoughts of death or suicide, wishing to die, or attempting suicide Answer : (d)
Q.17
Which of the following is a water borne disease? … [ Wardha 2005]
0%
a) T.B
0%
b) Hepatitis
0%
c) Small pox
0%
d) Cancer
Explanation
Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. The disease is spread primarily through food or water contaminated by stool from an infected person TB is an airborne disease. Smallpox can be spread by humans only. Cancer is NOT contagious. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Choose the wrong statement … [ kerala 2008]
0%
a) Time lag between infection and appearance of AIDS is a few hours to a week
0%
b) HIV has RNA as genetic material
0%
c) HIV replicates in T4 lymphocytes
0%
d) ARV drugs are only partially effective in AIDS treatment
Explanation
Incubation period is the duration of time from initial infection with HIV to development of symptoms of the disease. Incubation period of HIV The period from infection to the primary seroconversion illness is usually 1 to 4. weeks. Statement 'a' is NOT correct Answer : (a)
Q.19
Incubation period of Plasmodium vivax is … [ MPPMT 2012]
0%
a) 30 days
0%
b) 45 days
0%
c) 20-25 days
0%
d) 10-14 days
Explanation
Usually, these periods vary depending on the species of Plasmodium causing malaria. The average incubation period is 9-14 days for Plasmodium falciparum, 12-17 days for infections by Plasmodium vivax and 18-40 days for infections caused by Plasmodium malariae Answer : (d)
Q.20
Patients suffering from cholera are given saline drip as … [ AIIMS 2007]
0%
a) Na+ stops transmission of nerve impulse and hence sensation of pain
0%
b) NaCl supplies energy
0%
c) Na+ helps retain water in the body
0%
d) NaCl functions as fuel for cellular activities
Explanation
Cholera is the infection of the small intestine and is caused by the bacterium, Vibrio cholerae. The hallmark of the disease is profuse secretory diarrhoea. So, the patients with cholera are administered by saline drip or NaCl as the sodium ions or Na ions helps in retaining the water. Answer : (c)
Q.21
Diphtheria is due to a … [
0%
a) Virus
0%
b) Bacterium
0%
c) Nematode
0%
d) Protozoan
Explanation
Diphtheria is an infectious disease caused by the bacterial microorganism known as Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Answer : (b)
Q.22
What is induced in (polio) vaccination?
0%
a) Antibodies
0%
b) Antigen
0%
c) Antibiotics
0%
d) Bacteriostatic agents
Explanation
Each dose of polio vaccine contains 40 D antigen units of type 1, eight D antigen units of type 2 and 32 D antigen units of type 3 Trace amounts of antibiotics (neomycin, streptomycin and polymyxin B). S Answer : (b)
Q.23
Interferon are synthesized in response to … [ AFMC 2002]
0%
a) Virus
0%
b) Bacteria
0%
c) Mycoplasma
0%
d) Fungi
Explanation
Interferons. IFNs are cytokines synthesized by the host white blood cells or fibroblasts in response to different stimuli, including viral infections Answer : (a)
Q.24
Complex formed at the time of action of T-cells is …. [ Guj CET 2011]
0%
a) HLA
0%
b) STD antigen complex
0%
c) HLA antigen complex
0%
d) MHC antigen complex
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.25
Motile zygote of Plasmodium occurs in … [ CBSE 2012]
0%
a) Human RBCs
0%
b) Human liver
0%
c) Gut of female Anopheles
0%
d) Salivary glands of Anopheles
Explanation
Motile zygote of Plasmodium occurs in the gut of female Anopheles. Answer : (c)
Q.26
Interferon were discovered by … [ Har PMT 2007]
0%
a) Zinder and Lederberg
0%
b) Isaacs and Lindemann
0%
c) Temin
0%
d) Safferman and Morris
Explanation
Interferons were discovered in 1957 by British bacteriologist Alick Isaacs and Swiss microbiologist Jean Lindenmann. Answer : (b)
Q.27
The disease caused by Trypanosoma gambiense is ..
0%
a) Sleeping sickness
0%
b) Kala-azar
0%
c) Diphtheria
0%
d) Dysentery
Explanation
Sleeping sickness, also called African trypanosomiasis, disease caused by infection with the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Answer : (a)
Q.28
Antibodies are of which class of proteins ..[ MPPMT 2010]
0%
a) Structural
0%
b) Transport
0%
c) Immunoglobulin
0%
d) Enzyme
Explanation
Antibodies are gamma globulin proteins that have sugar groups attached to amino acid chains. They can be classified as glycoproteins. The most basic form is the immunoglobulin monomer, which has only one immunoglobulin unit. Answer : (c)
Q.29
Insect that spreads plague is …
0%
a) Anopheles
0%
b) Pediculus
0%
c) Xenopsylla
0%
d) Yesinia
Explanation
The oriental flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) is the vector for bubonic plague Answer : (c)
Q.30
AIDS is … [ MPPMT 2000]
0%
a) TMV
0%
b) Human T-cell leukemia virus
0%
c) Bacterium
0%
d) Blood cancer
Explanation
The virus that causes AIDS, was Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-3). Answer : (b)
Q.31
Excessive consumption of alcohol is ….
0%
a) Alcoholism
0%
b) Drug addition
0%
c) Hallucination
0%
d) Intoxication
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.32
AIDS is caused by HIV that principally infects … [ MPPMT 2012]
0%
a) All lymphocytes
0%
b) Activator B cells
0%
c) Cytotoxic T-cells
0%
d) T-4 helper lymphocytes
Explanation
T-4 helper lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell that orchestrate the immune response and enhance the activities of the killer T-cells (those that destroy pathogens) and B-cells (antibody and immunoglobulin producers). A T-4 helper lymphocytes count is used to check the health of the immune system in people infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). HIV attacks and destroys -4 helper lymphocytes cells Answer : (d)
Q.33
Character of acquired immunity is … [ DPMT 2007]
0%
a) Difference between self and non self
0%
b) Specificity of antigen
0%
c) Retains memory
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Characteristics of acquired immunity. B and T cells are specific immune cells responsible for these characteristics. (1) Antigenic specificity (Permits to distinguish among antigens, and their actions are specifically directed against the antigen that initiated the response), (2) Diversity (Antigens are recognized by different lymphocytes), (3) Immunologic memory (Re-exposure to the same antigen induces more rapid and effective response), and (4) Self / nonself discrimination. Answer : (d)
Q.34
AIDS is transmitted through … [ MPPMT 1998]
0%
a) Hand shake
0%
b) Courtship
0%
c) Blood transfusion
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
HIV is transmitted through the exchange of certain types of bodily fluids including: blood transfusion, semen, breast milk, and vaginal fluids · Saliva, tears Answer : (c)
Q.35
Sexually transmitted disease characterized by development of chance on genitals is caused by … [ KCET 2008]
0%
a) Hepatitis B virus
0%
b) HIV
0%
c) Treponema pallidum
0%
d) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Explanation
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by infection with the Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium. N. gonorrhoeae infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and the urethra in women and men. Answer : (d)
Q.36
Mumps is a disease caused by … [ BHU 1996]
0%
a) Protozoan
0%
b)Virus
0%
c) Bacterium
0%
d) Fungus
Explanation
Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus. Answer : (b)
Q.37
Mumps is viral disease that causes inflammation of … [ CBSE 1992]
0%
a) Parotid gland
0%
b) Sublingual gland
0%
c) Submaxillary gland
0%
d) Infra-orbital gland
Explanation
Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus. Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects saliva-producing large salivary glands situated just in front of each ear.(Parotid gland) Answer : (a)
Q.38
BCG vaccine provides protection against … [ AFMC 2005]
0%
a) Measles
0%
b) T.B.
0%
c) Cholera
0%
d) Small Pox
Explanation
BCG vaccine has a documented protective effect against meningitis and disseminated TB in children Answer : (b)
Q.39
Athlete’s foot is caused by … [ AMU 2012]
0%
a) Tinea pedis
0%
b) Tinea capitis
0%
c) Rickettsia
0%
d) Candida albicans
Explanation
Athlete's foot (Tinea capitis) is a fungal infection that usually begins between the toes. Tinea capitis is caused by a dermatophyte fungus. causing small patches of itchy, scaly skin. The rickettsiae are a diverse collection of obligately intracellular Gram-negative bacteria found in ticks, lice, fleas, mites, chiggers, and mammals These zoonotic pathogens cause infections that disseminate in the blood to many organs. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) called Candida. Answer : (a)
Q.40
T.T. and TAB second booster does is given at the age of … [ Tamilnadu 2001]
0%
a) 2 -3 years
0%
b) 4 -6 years
0%
c) 10th year
0%
d) 16th year
Explanation
TAB vaccine is initially given at the age of 6 years and a booster dose is given at the age of 16 years . Answer : (d)
Q.41
Which of the following properties of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination …[ HPPMT 2010]
0%
a) Specificity
0%
b) Memory
0%
c) Diversity
0%
d) Discrimination between self and nonself
Explanation
Vaccines work by eliciting an immune response and consequent immunological memory that mediates protection from infection or disease Answer : (b)
Q.42
Opium is obtained from part of Papaver somniferum … [ AMU 2005]
0%
a) Unripe fruit
0%
b) Ripe fruit
0%
c) Male plant
0%
d) Inflorescence
Explanation
Opium, morphine, codeine, and heroin are all derived from the milky latex found in its unripe seed capsule or Unripe fruit. Answer : (a)
Q.43
Which type of cancer occurs in lymph nodes and spleen? … [ AIIMS 1998]
0%
a) Carcinoma
0%
b) Sarcoma
0%
c) Leukemia
0%
d) Lymphoma
Explanation
Lymphoma is cancer that begins in infection-fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes. These cells are in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and other parts of the body. Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body, and that arises from cells originating in the endodermal, mesodermal or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis. Sarcoma is a form of cancer. It can affect different types of tissue. Soft tissue sarcomas affect tissues connecting, supporting, or surrounding any of the body’s systems Leukemia is a blood cancer caused by a rise in the number of white blood cells in your body. Answer : (d)
Q.44
A person is injected with gammaglobulin against hepatitis B. It is … [ DPMT 2003]
0%
a) Artificially acquired active immunity
0%
b) Naturally acquired active immunity
0%
c) Artificially acquired passive immunity
0%
d) Naturally acquired passive immunity
Explanation
Artificially-acquired passive immunity is an immediate, but short-term immunization provided by the injection of antibodies. Artificially acquired active immunity can be induced by a vaccine, a substance that contains the antigen. Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response. Naturally acquired passive immunity occurs during pregnancy, in which certain antibodies are passed from the maternal blood into the fetal bloodstream in the form of IgG Answer : (c)
Q.45
Causative agent of T.B is … [ AFMC 1996]
0%
a) Salmonella
0%
b) Mycobacterium
0%
c) Streptococcus
0%
d) Pneumococcus
Explanation
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. salmonella infections can be classified as stomach flu. Streptococci are gram-positive aerobic organisms that cause many disorders, including pharyngitis, pneumonia, wound and skin infections, sepsis, and endocarditis Pneumococcus is the most common cause of bloodstream infections, pneumonia, meningitis, and middle ear infections in young children Answer : (b)
Q.46
Recurrence of high fever in malaria is due to completion of … [ BHU 1996]
0%
a) Erythrocytic schizogony
0%
b) Sporogony
0%
c) Gamogony
0%
d) Exo-erythrocytic schizogony
Explanation
The fever and chills of malaria are associated with the rupture of erythrocytic-stage schizonts. In severe falciparum malaria, parasitized red cells may obstruct capillaries and postcapillary venules, leading to local hypoxia and the release of toxic cellular products. Answer : (a)
Q.47
Infection of Ascaris occurs due to
0%
c) Tsetse fly
0%
a) Mosquito bite
0%
b) Imperfectly cooked pork
0%
d) Contaminated food and water
Explanation
Infection occurs by eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces. The eggs hatch in the intestines, burrow through the gut wall, and migrate to the lungs via the blood. Answer : (d)
Q.48
Which one forms chemical barrier for infections ..
0%
a) Isozyme
0%
b) Coughing
0%
c) Lysozyme
0%
d) Lysosome
Explanation
Chemical barriers against infection include enzymes in tears, saliva and mucus that break down the surface of bacteria. Lysozyme is a naturally occurring enzyme found in bodily secretions such as tears, saliva, and milk. It functions as an antimicrobial agent by cleaving the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls, which leads to cell death. Answer : (c)
Q.49
An insect bite may result in inflammation of that spot. This is triggered by the alarm chemical such as …[ AFMC 2011]
0%
a) Histamine and dopamine
0%
b) Histamine and kinins
0%
c) Interferon and opsonin
0%
d) Interferon and histones
Explanation
Insect bites can cause mild symptoms, like itching and swelling around the area. Sometimes they lead to a severe allergic reaction. kinins any of a group of substances formed in body tissue in response to injury. They are polypeptides and cause vasodilation and smooth muscle contraction. Itching is often triggered by histamine, a chemical in the body associated with immune responses. Answer : (b)
Q.50
In AIDS patient, a reduction of 10% weight indicates …[ MHTCET 2011]
0%
a) ARC
0%
b) Acute infectious stage
0%
c) Symptomatic stage
0%
d) Non-symptomatic stage
Explanation
AIDS-related complex (ARC) and include fever, rashes, weight loss, and wasting. Opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, neoplasms such as Kaposi's sarcoma, and central nervous system dysfunction are also common complications. Answer : (a)
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