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Quiz 6
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Q.1
In mammals, the archenteron/primitive gut is lined with ... ... [ CPMT 1993 ]
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a) Ectoderm
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b) Mesoderm
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c) Endoderm
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d) Mesoderm and endoderm
Explanation
The endoderm of the archenteron will fuse with the ectoderm of the blastocoel wall. At this point gastrulation is complete, and the gastrula has a functional digestive tube. Answer : (c)
Q.2
Which is correctly matched? ... .. [ CBSE 2009 ]
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a) Menstruation. Breakdown of myometrium and ovum not fertilised
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b) Ovulation. LH and FSH attain peak level, sharp fall in secretion of progesterone
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c) Development of corpus luteum. Secretory phase and increased secretion of progesterone.
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d) Proliferative Phase. Rapid regeneration of myometrium and maturation of Graafian follicle
Explanation
If the egg does not become fertilized, the lining of the uterus endometrium is shed during menstruation. Match ‘a’ is not correct match. During the follicular phase - LH and FSH attain peak level, sharp fall in secretion of progesterone. Match ‘b’ is not correct match. The development of the corpus luteum is accompanied by an increase in the level of Pregnenolone is then converted to progesterone that is secreted out of the cell and into the blood stream. Match ‘c’ is correct match. During Proliferative Phase one of these egg cells begins to mature in a sac-like-structure called follicle. Match ‘d’ is not correct match. Answer : (c)
Q.3
Breaking of acrosome membrane is ... ... [ MPPMT 1994 ]
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a) Agglutination
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b) Activation
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c) Cavitation
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d) Capacitation
Explanation
Capacitation is the phenomenon of physiological maturation of sperms by breaking of acrosome membrane inside the female genital tract Answer : (d)
Q.4
Oxytocin is helpful in ... ...
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a) Semen formation
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b) Parturition
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c) Diuresis
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d) Molecular development
Explanation
Oxytocin is released into the bloodstream as a hormone in response to stretching of the cervix and uterus during labor and with stimulation of the nipples from breastfeeding. This helps with birth, bonding with the baby, and milk production. Answer : (b)
Q.5
Hormone responsible for ovulation and development of corpus luteum is ... ... [ JIPMER 2002 ]
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a) FSH
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b) LH
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c) LTH
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d) ICSH
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.6
Estrogen is secreted by ... ... [ Har PMT 2000 ]
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a) Corpus luteum
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b) membranous granulosa of Graadian follicle
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c) germinal epithelium of ovary
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d) pituitary
Explanation
Estrogen is secreted from the theca interna and granulosa cells of graafian follicle of ovary. Interstitial cells, adrenal cortex, testis and placenta Answer : (b)
Q.7
Gonadotropin releasing hormone is formed by ... ...
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a) Adenohypophysis
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b) Pars intermedia
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c) Neurohypophysis
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d) Hypothalamus
Explanation
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a tropic peptide hormone synthesized and released from GnRH neurons within the hypothalamus. Answer : (d)
Q.8
Hyaluronidase is present in .... ... [ Manipal 2001 ]
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a) Ovary
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b) Ovum
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c) Sperm
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d) Blood
Explanation
Hyaluronidases are a family of enzymes that catalyse the degradation of hyaluronic acid, which are present in sperm, the testes, and other organs Answer : (c)
Q.9
Gestation period is duration of ... ... [ DPMT 2002 ]
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a) Between egg growth and ovulation
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b) Of fertilization
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c) Between fertilization and parturition
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d) Between preparation of sex cells and fertilisation
Explanation
Gestation period is duration of between fertilization and parturition Answer : (c)
Q.10
Which two of the following statements are correct? ... .. [ CBSE 2008 ] a) MTP during first trimester is generally safe b) Chances of conception are nil until mother breast feeds the infant upto two years c) IUDs like copper T are effective contraceptives d) Contraceptive pill may be taken upto one week after coitus to prevent conception
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a) a, c
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b) a, b
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c) b, c
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d) c, d
Explanation
Termination of pregnancy through medicine (MTP) is an effective and safe method for very early pregnancies. Statement ‘a’ is correct. As long as the mother breast-feeds the child fully, chances of conception are almost nil. However, this method has been reported to be effective only upto a maximum period of six months following parturition. Statement ‘b’ is incorrect. One of the most effective forms of birth control are the intrauterine devices (IUDs). These are very small devices, made of plastic or copper and shaped like a ’T’ that are inserted into the uterus. Statement ‘c’ is correct. Most commonly-taken packs contain 21 tablets - one to be taken each day for three weeks. Statement ‘d’ is incorrect Answer : (a)
Q.11
Fertilization of ovum occurs in ... .. [ DPMT 2007 ]
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a) Fimbriae of oviduct
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b) Isthmus of oviduct
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c) Ampulla of oviduct
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d) None of the above
Explanation
The ampulla is typically where the sperm are met and fertilization occurs; meiosis II is promptly completed. Answer : (c)
Q.12
Which hormone level reaches peak during luteal phase of menstrual cycle? [ JKCMEE 2008 ]
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a) Luteinising hormone
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b) Progesterone
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c) Follicle stimulating hormone
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d) Estrogen
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.13
Sugar fructose is present in the secretion of .... ... [ Odisha 1995 ]
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a) Prostate gland
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b) Perineal glands
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c) Cowper's gland
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d) Seminal vesicles
Explanation
The secretion of the seminal vesicles constitutes the bulk of the seminal fluid (semen). It is a thick fluid that contains the sugar fructose, proteins, citric acid, inorganic phosphorus, potassium, and prostaglandins. Once this fluid joins the sperm in the ejaculatory duct, fructose acts as the main energy source for the sperm outside the body. Answer : (d)
Q.14
Umbilical cord contains ... ... [ RPMT 2005 ]
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a) Umbilicus
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b) Placenta
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c) Discuss proligerus
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d) Allantoic artery and vein
Explanation
The umbilical cord containscontains one vein, which carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to the fetus, and two arteries that carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood away The number of major vessels that run the length of the umbilical cord vary in these two portions. The amniotic portion of the cord contains two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein whereas the allantoic portion has two arteries and two veins. Answer : (d)
Q.15
Point of sperm entry forms .... .... [ MPPMT 1998 ]
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a) Axis of cleavage
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b) Grey lip of blastopore
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c) Dorsal lip of blastopore
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d) Centre of embryo rotation
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.16
Signals for parturition originate from ... ... [ CBSE 2012 ]
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a) Fully developed foetus only
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b) Placenta only
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c) Oxytocin released by maternal pituitary
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d) Both A and B
Explanation
The signals for parturition originate from the fully developed fetus and the placenta which induce mild uterine contractions called foetal ejection reflex. This triggers release of oxytocin (birth hormone) from the maternal pituitary gland Answer : (d)
Q.17
Attachment of foetus to placenta occurs through ... ... [ Manipal 2005 ]
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a) Chorda mesoderm
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b) Spinal cord
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c) Umbilical cord
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d) Notochord
Explanation
The placenta is a large organ that develops during pregnancy. It is attached to the wall of the uterus, usually at the top or side. The umbilical cord connects the placenta to baby. Blood from the mother passes through the placenta, filtering oxygen, glucose and other nutrients to your baby via the umbilical cord. Answer : (c)
Q.18
Epididymis lies between ... ... [ Wardha 2011 ]
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a) Rete testis and vasa efferentia
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b) Vas deferens and vasa efferentia
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c) Vas deferens and ejaculatory duct
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d) Seminal tubules and rete testis
Explanation
The epididymis is an organ found in the male reproductive tract of vertebrate species practicing internal fertilization. It is located between the vas efferens leaving the testis and the vas deferens. Answer : (b)
Q.19
Secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum is initiated by ... ... [ CBSE 1999]
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a) MSH
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b) LH
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c) Testosterone
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d) Thyroxine
Explanation
The formation of the corpus luteum (which produces the majority of progesterone) is triggered by a surge in luteinising hormone production by the anterior pituitary gland. This normally occurs at approximately day 14 of the menstrual cycle and it stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary and the formation of the corpus luteum. Answer : (b)
Q.20
Relative size of egg cell, morula, blastula and gastrula cells are ... .... [ CPMT 1993 ]
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a) Egg cell is the smallest and gastrula cell is the largest.
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b) All are of equal size
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c) Egg cell is the largest and morula cell is smallest
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d) Egg cell is the largest and gastrula cell is smallest
Explanation
There is no growth of daughter cells during Cleavage. Answer : (b)
Q.21
Nonprimate mammals have ... ....
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a) Oestrous cycle
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b) Menstrual cycle
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c) Breeding seasons
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d) Non breeding seasons
Explanation
In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, deer, dog, tiger, etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called oestrus cycle. It is a 21-day cycle which is marked by the recurring appearance of oestrus or heat. This is when ovulation occurs Answer : (a)
Q.22
Corpus luteum releases ... ... [ DPMT 2011 ]
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a) Androgen
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b) Progesterone
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c) Estrogen
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d) Both B and C
Explanation
Progesterone is a hormone released by the corpus luteum in the ovary. It plays important roles in the menstrual cycle and in maintaining the early stages of pregnancy. Answer : (b)
Q.23
Which is correct about human sperm ... .. [ CBSE 2010 ]
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a) Sperm lysins in acrosome dissolve egg envelope facilitating fertilization
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b) Acrosome serves as sensory structures leading sperm towards ovum
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c) Acrosome has no particular function
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d) Acrosome has conical tip for piercing and penetrating egg for fertilization
Explanation
The sperm lysins in the acrosome dissolve the egg envelope facilitating fertilization Acrosome serves as a sensory structure leading the sperm towards the ovum. Option ‘a’ is correct about human sperm and Option ‘c’ is NOT correct about human sperm Sperm chemotaxis is a form of sperm guidance, in which sperm cells (spermatozoa) follow a concentration gradient of a chemo attractant secreted from the oocyte and thereby reach the oocyte. Option ‘b’ is NOT correct about human sperm Acrosome has a cap-like structure Option ‘d’ is NOT correct about human sperm Answer : (a)
Q.24
Withdrawal of which hormone is the immediate cause of menstruation ... ... [ CBSE 2006]
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a) Estrogen
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b) FSH
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c) FSH - RH
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d) Progesterone
Explanation
Progesterone withdrawal or sharp decline in circulating progesterone levels due to corpus luteum demise is the trigger for menstruation in women Answer : (d)
Q.25
Cytoplasm of ovum does not possess ... ... [ Har PMT 2007 ]
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a) Golgi complex
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b) Mitochondria
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c) Centrosome
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d) Ribosomes
Explanation
The ooplasmic organelles (yolk of the ovum) were mainly represented by mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum components, and Golgi elements. Small vesicles were found in the space between the two sheets of the pronuclear envelop. It do not contain Centrosome Answer : (c)
Q.26
Accessory glands associated with genital organs of female are ... .. [ Kerala 2009] a) Vestibular or Bartholin's b)Cowper's c) Ampullary d) Vesicular
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a) a, b
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b) a only
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c) b,c
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d) d only
Explanation
The greater vestibular glands (Bartholini) are paired glands that form in the course of the 12th week from the endoderm of the urogenital sinus. The outflow canals empty sideways in the vaginal vestibule. They correspond to the bulbourethral gland (Cowper) in males. The lesser vestibular glands (Skene) or paraurethral glands also form from epithelial buds (endoderm) of the SUG and grow into the neighboring mesenchyma. They are distributed over the whole vaginal vestibule and In males - correspond to the prostate. Answer : (b)
Q.27
Number of sperms formed from four spermatocytes is ... ... [ CPMT 2005 ]
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a) 4
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b) 1
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c) 16
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d) 32
Explanation
Spermatogenesis is the formation of sperm from a germ cell. Four spermatozoa are produced from a Primary spermatocyte therefore 16 spermatozoa will be formed from four primary spermatocytes. Answer : (c)
Q.28
Amniotic fluid protects the foetus from ... ... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
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a) Shock
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b) Encystment
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c) Degeneration
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d) Disease
Explanation
Amniotic fluid protects the developing baby by cushioning against blows to the mother's abdomen, allowing for easier fetal movement and promoting muscular/skeletal development. Amniotic fluid swallowed by the fetus helps in the formation of the gastrointestinal tract. It also prevents the fetus from mechanical jerks and shocks. Answer : (a)
Q.29
Mullerian follicle contains .... ... [ MPPMT 2000 ]
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a) Ureter
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b) Urethra
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c) Sperm duct
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d) Oviduct
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.30
Match the columns and find the correct combination
Column I
Column II
(a) Hyaluronidase
(i) Acrosomal reaction
(b) Corpus luteum
(ii) Morphogenetic
(c) Gastrulation
(iii) Progesterone
(d) Capacitation
(iv) Mammary glands
(e) Colostrum
(v) Sperm activation
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a) a - v, b - ii, c - iv, d - i, e - iii
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b) a - i, b - iii, c - ii, d - v, e - iv
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c) a - v, b - ii, c - iv, d - i, e - iii
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d) a - iv, b - ii, c - v, d - iii, e - i
Explanation
The first stage is the penetration of corona radiata, by releasing hyaluronidase from the acrosome to digest cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte and exposing acrosin attached to the inner membrane of the sperm. It is necessary for the acrosome reaction to occur before the sperm cell reaches the zona pellucida. a = i The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance, respectively. It also produces relaxin, a hormone responsible for softening of the pubic symphysis which helps in parturition. b = iii Morphogenesis is the biological process that causes a cell, tissue or organism to develop its shape. c= ii Sperm capacitation refers to the physiological changes spermatozoa must undergo in order to have the ability to penetrate and fertilize an egg. d=v Colostrum is the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of mammals. e= iv Answer : (b)
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