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Inheritance And Variation Mcq
Quiz 8
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Q.1
Which is wrong about Mendel ? ... .. [ Tamil Nadu 2001 ]
0%
a) He was born in 1822
0%
b) Mendel presented his work in the form of a paper at Heinzendorf in 1856
0%
c) Mendel carried out his experiments for 8 years
0%
d) Mendel died in 1884
Explanation
Mendel (1822-1884) conducted breeding experiments on garden peas (Pisum sativum) in garden of his monastery from 1856 to 1865 i.e., for 8 years. He formulated laws of inheritance and published his paper “Experiments of plant hybridization” in the fourth volume of “Annual Proceedings of Natural History Society of Brunn” in 1886. Answer : (b)
Q.2
Complete dominance does not occur in ... .. [ JIPMER 2002]
0%
a) Mirabilis jalapa
0%
b) Oenothera lamarckiana
0%
c) Pisum sativum
0%
d) Lathyrus odoratus
Explanation
Mirabilis jalapa shows incomplete dominance. Answer : (a)
Q.3
Inheritance of blood group is a condition of ... ... [ kerala 2008 ] (a)Codominance (b) Incomplete dominance (c) Multiple alleles (d) Dominance
0%
a) a, b
0%
b) b, d
0%
c) a, c and d
0%
d) b, c
Explanation
Blood type (phenotype)
Genotype
Antigen
Antibodies
A
I
A
I
A
or I
A
I
O
B
a
B
I
B
I
B
or I
B
I
O
B
a
AB
I
A
I
B
Both A and B
Neither a nor b
O
I
O
I
O
Neither A nor B
Both a and b
Inheritance of ABO blood group is an example of dominance, codominance and multiple allele. Co-dominance because In ABO both allele expresses themselves in the organism. Multiple alleles because blood group is determined by combination of three alleles IA, IB and IO or i. Dominance because blood group is determined by antigen types. And IA and IB is codominant over recessive i. Answer : (c)
Q.4
For a given character, a gamet is always ... .. [ MHTCET 2000 ]
0%
a) Homozygous
0%
b) Pure
0%
c) Hybrid
0%
d) Heterozygous
Explanation
At the formation of gametes, pair of allele separate, otherwise the recessive type will not appear in F2 generation. The gametes which are always pure for a particular character. Answer : (b)
Q.5
Mendel's principles are related to ... .. [ CPMT 1995 ]
0%
a) Evolution
0%
b) Reproduction
0%
c) Variations
0%
d) Heredity
Explanation
Mendel’s principles are based on transfer of character from one generation to another. It is related to heredity. Answer : (d)
Q.6
When heterozygous red flowered plant is crossed with white flowered plant the progeny will show a ratio of ... ... [ DPMT 2007 ]
0%
a) 350 red : 350 white
0%
b) 450 red :250 white
0%
c) 380 red : 220 white
0%
d) none of the above
Explanation
Gametes
R
r
r
Rr (red flower)
Rr (white flower)
Rr (heterozygous red flower) × rr (white flower) Rr (red flower) : rr (white flower) 1 : 1 Answer : (a)
Q.7
Gene with multiple effects is ... .. [ JKCMEE 2010 ]
0%
a) Codominant
0%
b) Pleiotropic
0%
c) Epistatic
0%
d) Supplementary
Explanation
The ability of a gene to have multiple phenotypic effect because it influences a number of characters simultaneously is known as pleiotropy. The gene having a multiple phenotypic effect because of its ability to control expression of a number of characters is called pleiotropic gene. Since same gene is affecting eye colour as well as depigmentation of body parts, it is an example of pleiotropic gene. Answer : (b)
Q.8
Blue eye colour is recessive to brown eye colour. A brown eye man whose mother was blue-eyed marries a blue -eye woman. The children shall be ... ... [ CBSE 1991 ]
0%
a) Both blue eyed and brown eyed 1 : 1
0%
b) All brown eyed
0%
c) All brown eyed
0%
d) Blue eyed and brown eyed 3 : 1
Explanation
Gametes
B
b
b
Bb (brown eyes)
Bb (blue eyes)
Man has mother whose eye colour is blue. This means that man is heterozygous brown eyes. Brown eyed man marries blue eyed woman. Bb(brown eyes ) × bb (blue eyes) Brown eyes : blue eyes 1 : 1 Answer : (a)
Q.9
A cross involving two pairs of alleles is ... .. [ MPPMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Crossing over
0%
b) Genetics
0%
c) Dihybrid cross
0%
d) Monohybrid cross
Explanation
Dihybrid cross is a cross between two individuals who differ in two observed traits that are controlled by two distinct genes Answer : (c)
Q.10
Heterozygous organism for two genes shall be ... ... [ MPPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) RR YY
0%
b) RrYY
0%
c) RrYy
0%
d) RRYy
Explanation
Heterozygous allele means having two different allele i.e., one is dominant and one is recessive. Two gene alleles will be RrYy. Answer : (c)
Q.11
Heterozygous tall plant (Tt) is crossed with homozygous dwarf (tt) plant. Percentage of dwarf plants from the cross would be ... ... [ Odisha 2010 ]
0%
a) 0%
0%
b) 25%
0%
c) 50%
0%
d) 100%
Explanation
Gametes
T
t
t
Tt (tall)
Tt (dwarf)
Tt × tt Answer : (c)
Q.12
The ratio of 9:3:3:1 is due to .... .. [ Manipal 2005 ]
0%
a) Segregation of characters
0%
b) Independent assortment of genes
0%
c) Crossing over of chromosomes
0%
d) Homologous pairing between chromosomes
Explanation
In dihybrid cross, two factors of each trait assort at random and independent of the factors of other traits at the time of meiosis and get randomly as well as independently rearranged in the offspring. Example:- Round : Wrinkled = 3 : 1 and yellow : green = 3 : 1 Round,yellow : Round, green : Wrinkled,yellow : wrinkled,green = (3 : 1) × (3 : 1) = 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 Answer : (b)
Q.13
Sickle cell anemia is ... .. [ Bih PMT 2001 ]
0%
a) Sex linked inheritance
0%
b) Autosomal heritable disease
0%
c) Infectious disease
0%
d) Deficiency disease
Explanation
This is an autosome linked recessive trait that can be transmitted from parents to the offspring when both the partners are carrier for the gene (or heterozygous). The disease is controlled by a single pair of allele, HbA and HbS. Out of the three possible genotypes only homozygous individuals for HbS (HbSHbS ) show the diseased phenotype. Heterozygous (HbAHbS ) individuals appear apparently unaffected but they are carrier of the disease Answer : (b)
Q.14
Inheritance of skin colour in human beings is an example of ... ... [ AIIMS 1999 ]
0%
a) Mendelian inheritance
0%
b) Monogenic inheritance
0%
c) Complementary genes
0%
d) Polygenic inheritance
Explanation
Inheritance of skin color, eye colour and height is an example of polygenic inheritance Answer : (d)
Q.15
Mendel was born in ... ... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) 17th century
0%
b) 18th century
0%
c) 19th century
0%
d) 8th century
Explanation
Mendel was born in 1822, 19th century. Answer : (c)
Q.16
Genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross is ... ... [ CPMT 2007 ]
0%
a) 3:1
0%
b) 1:2:1
0%
c) 1:1
0%
d) 9:3:3:1
Explanation
No. of traits (n)
Experiment
Types of gametes (2
n
)
No. of offsprings (gametes)
2
No. of phenotype (2
n
)
No. of genotype (3
n
)
Phenotypic ratio
Genotypic ratio
1
Monohybrid cross
2
4
2
3
3:1
1:2:1
Answer : (b)
Q.17
A woman with albinic father marries an albinic man. The proportion of her progeny is ... ... [ CBSE 1994 ]
0%
a) 2 normal : 1 albinic
0%
b) All normal
0%
c) All albinic
0%
d) 1 normal : 1 albinic
Explanation
Gametes
R
r
r
Rr (normal)
rr (albino)
Albinism is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. Woman has albino father i.e., this means she is heterozygous (Rr). She marries an albino man. Man is allele is rr Rr × rr Normal progeny : albino progeny 1 : 1 Answer : (d)
Q.18
Fruit colour in squash is an example of : ….[AIPMT 2014]
0%
a) Complementary genes
0%
b) Inhibitory genes
0%
c) Recessive epistasis
0%
d) Dominant epistasis
Explanation
Characters
Expected ratios
Example
Monohybrid cross
Phenotypic = 3 : 1
Genotypic = 1 :2 : 1
Pisum sativum
Dihybrid cross
Phenotypic = 9:3:3:1
Pisum sativum
Incomplete dominance
1 : 2 : 1
Mirabilis jalapa
Complementary genes
9 : 7
Lathyrus odoratus
Supplementary genes
9 : 3 : 4
Coat colour of mice
Collaborative supplementary genes
9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Poultry birds – comb pattern
Dominant epistasis
12 : 3 : 1
Fruit colour in
Curcurbita
Recessive epistasis
9 : 3 : 4
Coat colour in mice/pigmentation in onion bulb
Duplicate genes
15 : 1
Fruit shape in
Capsella bursapastoris
Polymeric gene
9 : 6 : 1
Cucurbita pepo
Suppresor gene
13:3
Leaf colour of rice
Answer:(d)
Q.19
A man whose father was colour blind marries a woman who had a colour blind mother and normal father. What percentage of male children of this couple will be colour blind? [AIPMT 2014]
0%
a) 50%
0%
b) 75%
0%
c) 25%
0%
d) 0%
Explanation
Gametes
X
Y
X
c
X
c
X (carrier girl)
X
c
Y (diseased boy)
X
XX (normal girl)
XY (normal boy)
Colour blindness is an sex linked recessive disorder. This defect is due to mutation in certain genes present in the X chromosome. It occurs in about 8 per cent of males and only about 0.4 per cent of females. Mostly women are carrier of gene. They are colour blind only when her mother is carrier and father is colour blind. In the above case, man has colour blind father. Thus man is normal with genotype XY. Woman has colour blind mother and normal father. This means she is carrier of gene with genotype XcX XY × XcX Diseased boy : Normal boy 1 : 1 Answer:(a)
Q.20
A human female with Turner's syndrome :… [AIPMT 2014]
0%
a) exhibits male characters
0%
b) is able to produce children with normal husband.
0%
c) has 45 chromosomes with XO.
0%
d) has one additional X chromosome.
Explanation
Turner’s Syndrome: Such a disorder is caused due to the absence of one of the X chromosomes, i.e., 45 with X0. Such females are sterile as ovaries are rudimentary besides other features including lack of other secondary sexual characters. Answer:(c)
Q.21
Alleles are: …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) heterozygotes
0%
b) different phenotype
0%
c) true breeding homozygotes
0%
d) different molecular forms of a gene
Explanation
An allele is one of two, or more, forms of a given gene variant. Answer:(d)
Q.22
Multiple alleles are present: …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) On non-sister chromatids
0%
b) On different chromosomes
0%
c) At different loci on the same chromosome
0%
d) At the same locus of the chromosome
Explanation
Multiple alleles: They are multiple forms of a Mendelian factor or gene which occur on the same gene locus, distributed in different organisms in the gene pool with an organism carrying only two alleles and gametes only one allele. Answer:(d)
Q.23
A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with blood group 'B'. What are all the possible blood groups of their offspring? …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) O only
0%
b) A and B only
0%
c) A, B and AB only
0%
d) A, B, AB and O
Explanation
Genotype
I
A
I
O
I
B
I
A
IB (AB blood group)
I
B
I
O
(B blood group)
I
O
I
A
IO (A blood group)
I
O
I
O
(O blood group)
Answer:(d)
Q.24
ow many pairs of contrasting characters in pea plants were studied by Mendel in his experiments? …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) Seven
0%
b) Five
0%
c) Six
0%
d) Eight
Explanation
Mendel studied seven character of garden peas. These are plant height, flower position, pod colour, pod shape, flower colour, seed colour and seed shape. Out of these 2 are flower based i.e., Flower position and flower colour. Answer:(a)
Q.25
A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the F1 plants were selfed the resulting genotypes were in the ratio of : …[AIPMT-2016]
0%
a) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall homozygous : Tall heterozygous : Dwarf
0%
b) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall heterozygous : Tall homozygous : Dwarf
0%
c) 3 : 1 :: Tall : Dwarf
0%
d) 3 : 1 :: Dwarf : Tall
Explanation
A tall true breeding plant (TT) is crossed with a dwarf true breeding plant (tt). F1 generation has genotype is Tt. F1 generation is selfed. Tt (heterozygous tall plant) × Tt (heterozygous tall plant) → Genotypic ratio = TT (tall homozygous) : Tt (tall heterozygous) : tt (dwarf) 1 : 2 : 1 Answer:(a)
Q.26
Match the terms in Column-I with their description in Column-II and choose the correct option : …[AIPMT-2016]
Column-I
Column-II
(a) Dominance
(i)Many genes govern a single character
(b) Codominance
(ii) In a heterozygous organism only one allele expresses itself
(c) Pleiotropy
(iii) In a heterozygous organism both alleles express themselves fully
(d) Polygenic inheritance
(iv) A single gene influences many characters
0%
a) (a) → (ii); (b) → (i); (c) → (iv); (d) → (iii)
0%
b) (a) → (ii); (b) → (iii); (c) → (iv); (d) → (i)
0%
c) (a) →(iv); (b) → (i); (c) → (ii); (d) → (iii)
0%
d) (a) →(iv) ; (b) → (iii); (c) → (i); (d) → (ii)
Explanation
The ability of a gene to have multiple phenotypic effect because it influences a number of characters simultaneously is known as pleiotropy Polygenic inheritance - inheritance, involves the transfer of a character by the involvement of a more than one gene. It produces multiple phenotypes. Codominance: It is the phenomenon of two alleles lacking dominant recessive relationship and both expressing themselves in the organism. Answer:(b)
Q.27
In a testcross involving F1 dihybrid flies, more parental-type offspring were produced than the recombinant-type offspring. This indicates :- …[AIPMT-2016]
0%
a) The two genes are located on two different chromosomes.
0%
b) Chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis.
0%
c) The two genes are linked and present on the same chromosome.
0%
d) Both of the characters are controlled by more than one gene.
Explanation
When a cross is conducted between F1 dihybrid flies with homozygous recessive parent fly, more parental type offspring were produced than recombinant type offspring. This indicates, that the two genes are linked and present on the same chromosome. Answer:(c)
Q.28
Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency ? …[NEET 2013]
0%
a) The genes may be on different chromosomes
0%
b) The genes are tightly linked
0%
c) The genes show independent assortment
0%
d) If the genes are present on the same chromosome, they undergo more than one crossovers in every meiosis
Explanation
A frequency of recombination of 50% indicates that the genes are independently assorting. Independent assortment signifies that genes are different chromosomes. This implies that genes are at distance and chance of crossing over increases The tightly linked genes show 100% parental types and 0% recombinants. Answer:(b)
Q.29
If two persons with 'AB' blood group marry and have sufficiently large number of children, these children could be classified as 'A' blood group : 'AB' blood group : 'B' blood group in 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Modern technique of protein electrophoresis reveals presence of both 'A' and 'B' type proteins in 'AB' blood group individuals. This is an example of …[NEET 2013]
0%
a) Codominance
0%
b) Incomplete dominance
0%
c) Partial dominance
0%
d) Complete dominance
Explanation
Codominance: It is the phenomenon of two alleles lacking dominant recessive relationship and both expressing themselves in the organism. Answer:(a)
Q.30
Which Mendelian idea is depicted by a cross in which the F1 generation resembles both the parents ? …[NEET 2013]
0%
a) Incomplete dominance
0%
b) Law of dominance
0%
c) Inheritance of one gene
0%
d) Co-dominance
Explanation
Codominance: It is the phenomenon of two alleles lacking dominant recessive relationship and both expressing themselves in the organism. Co-dominance Answer:(d)
Q.31
If both parents are carriers for thalassemia, which is an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the chances of pregnancy resulting in an affected child? …[NEET 2013]
0%
a) No chance
0%
b) 50%
0%
c) 25%
0%
d) 100%
Explanation
Gametes
A
a
A
AA (normal)
Aa (carrier)
a
Aa (carrier)
aa (diseased)
Thalassemia–autosomal-linked recessive AA-Normal Aa-Carrier aa-Disease Aa × Aa → diseased = ¼ = 25% Answer:(c)
Q.32
If a colour-blind man marries a woman who is homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability of their son being colour-blind is :- …[NEET 2016]
0%
a) 0.75
0%
b) 1
0%
c) 0
0%
d) 0.5
Explanation
Gametes
X
X
X
c
X
c
X (carrier, girl)
X
c
X (carrier girl)
Y
XY (normal boy)
XY (normal boy)
Colour blindness is sex linked recessive disease. This defect is due to mutation in certain genes present in the X chromosome. It occurs in about 8 per cent of males and only about 0.4 per cent of females. Man is colour blind, thus its genotype is XcY. Woman is homozygous for normal vision. Her genotype will be XX. XX × XcY Girls will be carrier of colour blindness and boys will be having normal vision. Answer:(c)
Q.33
Among the following characters, which one was not considered by Mendel in his experiments on pea? ….[NEET- 2017]
0%
a) Stem – Tall or Dwarf
0%
b) Trichomes – Glandular or non-glandular
0%
c) Seed – Green or Yellow
0%
d) Pod – Inflated or Constricted
Explanation
Traits
Dominant
Recessive
Plant height
Tall (1.2 – 2.0m)(T)
Dwarf (0.25 – 0.5m) (t)
Flower position
Axillary (A)
Terminal (a)
Pod colour
Green (G) or (Y)
Yellow (g) or (y)
Pod shape
Full or inflated (I) or (C)
Constricted (i) or (c)
Flower colour
Violet (V) or (W)
White (v) or (w)
Seed shape
Round (R) or (W)
Wrinkled (r) or (w)
Seed colour
Yellow (Y) or (G)
Green (y) or (g)
During his experiments Mendel studied seven characters. Nature of trichomes i.e., glandular or non-glandular was not considered by Mendel Answer:(b)
Q.34
Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments? ….[NEET- 2017]
0%
a) 1856 - 1863
0%
b) 1840 - 1850
0%
c) 1857 - 1869
0%
d) 1870 - 1877
Explanation
Mendel conducted hybridization experiments on Pea plant for 7 years between 1856 to 1863 and his data was published in 1865 (according to NCERT) Answer:(a)
Q.35
Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement. ….[NEET- 2017]
0%
a) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis
0%
b) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis
0%
c) Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules
0%
d) Sickle cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of globin molecules
Explanation
Thalassemia differs from sickle-cell anaemia in that the former is a quantitative problem of synthesizing too few globin molecules while the latter is a qualitative problem of synthesising an incorrectly functioning globin. Answer:(c)
Q.36
A gene showing codominance has : [ ReAIPMT 2015]
0%
a) both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote
0%
b) one allele dominant on the other
0%
c) alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome
0%
d) alleles that are recessive to each other
Explanation
Codominance: It is the phenomenon of two alleles lacking dominant recessive relationship and both expressing themselves in the organism. This is possible in the heterozygous allele. Answer:(a)
Q.37
Which of the following pairs in wrongly matched [NEET 2018]
0%
a) Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
0%
b) ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
0%
c) XO type sex determination : Grasshopper
0%
d) T.H. Morgan :Linkage
Explanation
The gene controlling starch synthesis in pea exhibits pleiotropy. The gene regulates the starch synthesis and the shape of the seed. It has two alleles, B and b. Starch is synthesized by BB homozygotes and large starch granules are produced. Answer : (a)
Q.38
Which of the following characteristics represent 'Inheritance of blood groups' in humans ? [NEET 2018] a. Dominance b. Co-dominance c. Multiple dominance d. Incomplete dominance e. Polygenic inheritance
0%
a) b, c and e
0%
b) a, b and c
0%
c) b, d and e
0%
d) a, c and e
Explanation
Blood type (phenotype)
Genotype
Antigen
Antibodies
A
I
A
I
A
or I
A
I
O
A
b
B
I
B
I
B
or I
B
I
O
B
a
AB
I
A
I
B
Both A and B
Neither a nor b
O
I
O
I
O
Neither A nor B
Both a and b
Inheritance of ABO blood group is an example of dominance, codominance and multiple allele. Co-dominance because In ABO both allele expresses themselves in the organism. Multiple alleles because blood group is determined by combination of three alleles IA, IB and IO or i. Dominance because blood group is determined by antigen types. And IA and IB is codominant over recessive i. Answer : (b)
Q.39
f a character is controlled by polygenic principle where there are three gene namely A, B and C which among the following groups of genotypes are able to produce the same phenotype Question submitted by Jennifer Jose Mathew
0%
a) AABBCC, AaBbCc,aabbcc
0%
b) aaBBcc, AaBbcc, aabbCC
0%
c) AAbbcc, aaBBCC, aaBbcc
0%
d) non of the above
Explanation
Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect for the following groups of genotype to have same phenotype, number of dominant genes should be equal in number. In first option, groups having dominant genes are 6, 3 and zero respectively. In second option, all the groups have equal dominant genes. In third option, Groups having dominant genes are 2, 4 and 1 respectively. Thus second option's genotypes have same phenotype. Answer : (b)
Q.40
In Drosophila gene for white eye colour is also responsible for depigmentation of body parts. It is an example of ... .. [ kerala 2005 ]
0%
a) Oncogene
0%
b) Epistatic gene
0%
c) Hypostatic gene
0%
d) Pleiotropic gene
Explanation
Experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan and his colleagues, led to discovering the basis for the variation that sexual reproduction produced. Morgan worked with the tiny fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster Answer : (d)
Q.41
Cross between by hybrid and recessive parent is ... ... [ BHU 2001 ]
0%
a) Back cross
0%
b) Test cross
0%
c) Monohybrid cross
0%
d) Dihybrid cross
Explanation
Genes for flower colour in snapdragon shows incomplete dominance which is an exception of Mendel's first principle i.e. Law of dominance. Whereas Law of segregation is universally applicable. When an organism makes gametes, each gamete receives just one gene copy, which is selected randomly. This is known as the law of segregation. Answer : (b)
Q.42
ion Q10) Match the following
Column I
Column II
Single gene inheritance
a. 1 : 1: 1 : 1
Double gene inheritance
b. 1 : 2 : 1
Test cross
c. 3 : 1
Incomplete dominance
d. 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
0%
a) (1 - c) (2 - d) (3 - a) (4 - b)
0%
b) (1 - d) (2 - c) (3 - b) (4 - a)
0%
c) (1 - a) (2 - b) (3 - d) (4 - c)
0%
d) (1- d) (2 - b) (3 - a) (4 - c)
Explanation
Genotypic and phenotypic ratio of incomplete dominance is 1 : 2 : 1. Phenotypic ratio of monohybrid cross is 3 : 1. Phenotypic ratio of dihybrid cross is 9 : 3 : 3 : 1. Dihybrid test cross ratio is 1 : 1 : 1 : 1. Answer:(a)
Q.43
ion Q65) Today ________ are extensively used as a _______ point in the sequencing of whole genome
0%
a) Pedigree charts, conclusive
0%
b) Genetic maps, starting
0%
c) Pedigree charts, starting
0%
d) Genetic maps, conclusive
Explanation
Whole genome sequencing (WGS), also known as full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is the process of determining the entirety, or nearly the entirety, of the DNA sequence of an organism's genome at a single time. The genetic maps are used as a starting point in the sequencing of whole genomes Answer:(b)
Q.44
Dominate epistasis ratio is ... [ kerala 2009 ]
0%
a) 9:7
0%
b) 9:3:3:1
0%
c) 9:3:4
0%
d) 12:3:1
Explanation
Epistasis occurs when one gene is able to mask the phenotype of another gene. Dominant epistasis is when only one allele of the gene that shows epistasis can mask alleles of the other gene. Recessive epistasis is where two alleles have to be inherited in order for the phenotype of the second gene to be masked. a dominant allele at one locus may mask the phenotype of a second locus. This is called dominant epistasis, which produces a segregation ratio such as 12:3:1, which can be viewed as a modification of the 9:3:3:1 ratio in which the A_B_ class is combined with one of the other genotypic classes that contains a dominant allele. One of the best known examples of a 12:3:1 segregation ratio is fruit color in some types of squash . Alleles of a locus that we will call B produce either yellow (B_) or green (bb) fruit. However, in the presence of a dominant allele at a second locus that we call A, no pigment is produced at all, and fruit are white. The dominant A allele is therefore epistatic to both B and bb combinations as shown in figure. One possible biological interpretation of this segregation pattern is that the function of the A allele somehow blocks an early stage of pigment synthesis, before neither yellow or green pigments are produced. Ration 9:3:4 is for Recessive epistasis Answer : (d)
Q.45
Source of mendelian recombination is .... .. [ DPMT 2001 ]
0%
a) linkage
0%
b) independent assortment
0%
c) mutations
0%
d) Dominant traits
Explanation
T.H. Morgan discovered linkage. Cross of parent and pure recessive plant is called test cross. It is done to determine whether the individual exhibiting dominant character is homozygous or herterozygous. G. Mendel is regarded as father of genetics and his three laws is well known. A ribozyme is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction. They are RNA molecules able to break and form covalent bonds within a nucleic acid molecule. Answer : (b)
Q.46
In sickle cell anaemia, there is change in amino acid in β chain at position .... .. [ Har PMT 2001 ]
0%
a) VI
0%
b) VII
0%
c) IX
0%
d) X
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.47
RrTy yield gamete types .... [ MPPMT 1993 ]
0%
a) One
0%
b) Two
0%
c) three
0%
d) Four
Explanation
Please note given is "RrTy" Now there are three genes R, T, y Now R is in pair, But T and y are not T and y has to appear in all combinations thus Gamete type 1. RTy 2.rTy Answer : (b)
Q.48
Incase of incomplete dominance, F2 generation has .. ... [ BHU 1995 ]
0%
a) Genotypic ratio equal to phenotypic ratio
0%
b) Genotypic ratio is 3:1
0%
c) Phenotypic ratio is 3:1
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
For example, in the snapdragon, Antirrhinum majus, a cross between a homozygous white-flowered plant (CWCW) and a homozygous red-flowered plant (CR CR) will produce offspring with pink flowers (CRCW) This type of relationship between alleles, with a heterozygote phenotype intermediate between the two homozygote phenotypes, is called incomplete dominance. self-fertilization of a pink plant would produce a genotype ratio of 1:2:1 and phenotype ratio of 1:2:1 red:pink:white Answer : (a)
Q.49
tion Q1) Coloured endosperm (C) is dominant to colourless endosperm (c) while smooth seeds (S) are dominant to wrinkled seed (s) and Waxy endosperm (W) is dominant to starchy endosperm (w). What is the genotype of Homozygous colourless, smooth and waxy endosperm and homozygous coloured, wrinkled and starchy endosperm?
0%
a) ccSSWW and CCssWW
0%
b) ccSSWW and CCssww
0%
c) CCSSWW and CCssww
0%
d) ccSSWW and CCSSww
Explanation
Recessive trait are expressed when recessive allele are in homozygous. First seedn is colourless expressed as cc, smooth (SS) and waxy (WW). Genotype will be ccSSWW. Similarly second is coloured (CC), wrinkled (ss) and starchy (ww). Genotype will be CCssww. Answer:(b)
Q.50
tion Q2) Select the incorrect statement. ... [NEET 2019]
0%
a) Male fruit fly is heterogametic
0%
b) In male grasshoppers 50% of sperms have no sex-chromosome
0%
c) In domesticated fowls, sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg
0%
d) Human males have one of their sexchromosome much shorter than the other
Explanation
The ZW sex-determination system is a chromosomal system that determines the sex of offspring in birds, The sex of birds is determined by the inheritance of sex chromosomes (ZZ male and ZW female). Genes carried on one or both of these sex chromosomes control sexual differentiation during embryonic life, producing testes in males (ZZ) and ovaries in females (ZW) Answer:(c)
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