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NEET Biology MCQ
Quiz 1
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Q.1
Which of the following gastric juice indirectly help in erythropoiesis
0%
Goblet cells
0%
Parietal cells
0%
Mucous cells
0%
Chief cells
Explanation
Parietal (oxyntic) cells secrete both HCl and intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is required for the absorption of vitamin B12, which in turn is essential for red blood cell formation (erythropoiesis) — so parietal cells support erythropoiesis indirectly, through intrinsic factor.
Q.2
Which hormone do stimulate the production of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate
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Angiotensin and epinephrine
0%
Gastrin and insulin
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Cholecystokinin and secretin
0%
Insulin and glucagon
Explanation
Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the pancreas to release digestive enzymes, and secretin stimulates the pancreas to release a bicarbonate-rich fluid that neutralises stomach acid entering the duodenum — together they drive both components of pancreatic secretion.
Q.3
A baby boy aged 2 years is admitted to play school and passes through a dental checkup the dentist observed that boy had 20 teeth. Which teeth are absent
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Incisors
0%
Canines
0%
Molars
0%
Premolars
Explanation
A full set of deciduous (milk) teeth has 20 teeth: incisors, canines, and (deciduous) molars — but no premolars. Premolars appear only later, in the permanent dentition, when they replace the deciduous molars. So a 2-year-old with 20 teeth is missing premolars simply because that tooth type hasn't erupted yet at this stage — it never existed as milk teeth to begin with.
Q.4
The enzyme that is not present in succus entericus is
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Nucleosidase
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Nucleases
0%
Maltase
0%
Lipases
Explanation
Succus entericus (intestinal juice) contains enzymes like nucleosidases, maltase and lipases, but nucleases (which break down DNA/RNA into nucleotides) are secreted by the pancreas, not the intestinal glands — the intestine's own nucleosidases act one step later, breaking those nucleotides down further into nucleosides.
Q.5
Which of the following guard the opening of hepato-pancreatic duct in duodenum
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Ileocaecal valve
0%
Pyloric sphincter
0%
Semilunar valve
0%
Sphincter of Oddi
Explanation
The hepato-pancreatic duct (formed by the union of the bile duct and pancreatic duct) opens into the duodenum through an opening guarded by the sphincter of Oddi.
Q.6
Which cells of crypts of Lieberkuhn secrete antibacterial lysosomes
0%
Zymogen cells
0%
Kupffer's cells
0%
Paneth cells
0%
Argentaffin cells
Explanation
Paneth cells, found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn, secrete the antibacterial enzyme lysozyme (which breaks down bacterial cell walls) as part of the intestine's innate defence.
Q.7
Symbiotic microorganism occur in
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Duodenum
0%
Vermiform appendix and ractum
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Caecum
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Oral lining and tongue surface
Explanation
The caecum harbours a population of symbiotic microorganisms in the human gut.
Q.8
Argentaffin cells are found in
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Liver
0%
Stomach
0%
Large intestine
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Oesophagus
Explanation
Argentaffin (enterochromaffin) cells, which secrete various hormones/signalling substances, are found in the mucosa of the stomach.
Q.9
Backflow of faecal matter from large intestine is prevented by
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Epiglottis
0%
Ileocecal valve
0%
Sphincter of oddi
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Pyloric sphincter
Explanation
The ileocecal valve, at the junction between the ileum (small intestine) and the caecum (large intestine), prevents the backflow of faecal matter from the large intestine into the small intestine.
Q.10
Gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates insulin secretion is
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GIP
0%
CCK
0%
Secretin
0%
Gastrin
Explanation
GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide / Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide), released from the intestine in response to food, stimulates the pancreas to release insulin — part of what's known as the "incretin effect".
Q.11
Aggregates of lymphoid tissue present in the distal portion of small intestine are known as
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Choroid plexus
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Rugae
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Peyer's Patches
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Villi
Explanation
Peyer's patches are aggregates of lymphoid tissue found in the wall of the distal part of the small intestine (the ileum), playing a role in immune surveillance of gut contents.
Q.12
Hormone that helps in secretion of HCl in stomach is
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Gastrin
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Renin
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Secretin
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Somatomedin
Explanation
Gastrin, secreted by G cells in the stomach lining, stimulates the parietal cells to secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Q.13
Glisson's capsule is associated with
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Pancreas
0%
Lung
0%
Kidney
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Liver
Explanation
Glisson's capsule is the fibrous connective-tissue covering that surrounds the liver.
Q.14
Angiotensinogen is secreted by
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Macula densa cell
0%
Juxtaglomerular cells
0%
Endothelial cells
0%
Liver cells
Explanation
Angiotensinogen — the inactive precursor that renin later converts into angiotensin I — is produced and secreted by liver cells.
Q.15
Vitamin essential for blood clotting is
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C
0%
D
0%
K
0%
A
Explanation
Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of several blood-clotting factors, making it necessary for normal blood clotting.
Q.16
One of the following is not a common disorders associated with digestive system
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Diarrhoea
0%
Jaundice
0%
Dysentery
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Tetanus
Explanation
Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani and affects the nervous/muscular system (causing muscle spasms) — it's not a disorder of the digestive system, unlike diarrhoea, jaundice, and dysentery, which are all genuine digestive-system disorders.
Q.17
Liver is the largest gland and is associated with various functions. Choose one which is not correct
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Metabolism of carbohydrate
0%
Digestion of fat
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Formation of bile
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Secretion of hormone called gastrin
Explanation
Gastrin is secreted by G cells in the stomach lining, not by the liver. The liver does carry out carbohydrate metabolism, aids fat digestion (via bile), and forms bile itself — but secreting gastrin is not one of its functions.
Q.18
Make the right statement among the following
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Trypsinogen is an inactive enzyme
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Trypsinogen is secreted by intestinal mucosa
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Enterokinase is secreted by pancreas
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Bile contains trypsin
Explanation
Trypsinogen is the inactive (zymogen) form of the enzyme trypsin — it must be activated (by enterokinase) before it can function. (Trypsinogen is actually secreted by the pancreas, not the intestinal mucosa; enterokinase is secreted by the intestinal mucosa, not the pancreas — the reverse of what those two other options claim; and bile contains no digestive enzymes like trypsin at all.)
Q.19
Human digestive juices lack
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Cellulase
0%
Sucrase
0%
Amylase
0%
Lactase
Explanation
Humans lack cellulase, the enzyme needed to break down cellulose — which is why plant cell-wall fibre passes through the human gut largely undigested. Sucrase, amylase and lactase, by contrast, are all normally present in human digestive secretions.
Q.20
Cobalmine is required for formation of
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Erythrocytes
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Platelets
0%
Leukocyte
0%
Lymph
Explanation
Cobalamin (vitamin B12) is essential for normal red blood cell (erythrocyte) formation — its deficiency leads to megaloblastic/pernicious anaemia due to impaired erythropoiesis.
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