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NEET Biology MCQ
Quiz 1
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Q.1
Scientific study of diversity and evolutionary relationships of organisms is called
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Systematics
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Anatomy
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Taxonomy
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Morphology
Explanation
Systematics is the branch of biology dealing with the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships through time — the study of how organisms are related to one another, not just how they're grouped. Taxonomy is the narrower process of identifying, naming and classifying organisms; anatomy and morphology deal only with internal/external structure, not evolutionary relationships.
Q.2
nigrum is one species of genus
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Mangifera
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Solanum
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Triticum
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Pisum
Explanation
Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) is the well-known species. "Solanum" is the genus name; "nigrum" is the species epithet.
Q.3
Taxon is a unit of
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Order
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Genus
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Species
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Taxonomy
Explanation
A taxon is any named group in the classification system — a species, genus, family, and so on, at any rank. It is therefore a unit of taxonomy (the science/process of classification itself), not of any one particular rank like Order, Genus or Species.
Q.4
Largest herbarium of India is at
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Lloyd Botanical Garden, Darjeeling
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Indian Botanical Garden ,Sibpur
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National Botanical Garden, Lucknow
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Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
Explanation
The largest herbarium in India is the Central National Herbarium at the Indian Botanic Garden, Sibpur (Howrah), maintained by the Botanical Survey of India.
Q.5
Which is the correct scientific name of wheat derived by Binomial Nomenclature
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Triticum vulgare
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Triticum aestivum
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Oryza sativa
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Zea mays
Explanation
The binomial (scientific) name of common bread wheat, following Linnaean nomenclature, is Triticum aestivum. "Triticum vulgare" is an older, now-superseded name for the same/related wheat.
Q.6
A group of related genera represent
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Species
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Texa
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Order
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Family
Explanation
In the taxonomic hierarchy (Species → Genus → Family → Order → Class → Phylum → Kingdom), a group of related, similar genera together constitute a Family.
Q.7
The basic unit of taxonomy is
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Class
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Order
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Genus
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Species
Explanation
Species is the smallest/basic unit of taxonomic classification — a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, and that is fundamentally distinguishable from other such groups.
Q.8
New systematic introduced by Sir Julius Huxley is also called
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Biosystematics
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Phenetics
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Cladistics
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Numerical taxonomy
Explanation
Julian Huxley (the source's "Julius Huxley" is a spelling slip for Julian Huxley) proposed the "New Systematics", which incorporates modern data (genetics, ecology, etc.) alongside classical taxonomy — this approach is also called Biosystematics.
Q.9
Which one has a real existence
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Kingdom
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Phylum
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Genus
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Species
Explanation
A species is considered to have real, tangible existence in nature — it's an actual, observable, breeding population. Higher categories (Genus, Phylum, Kingdom) are human-constructed groupings used for convenience in organizing species, without the same concrete, biological reality.
Q.10
Phenetic classification is based on
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Ancestral lineage
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Observable characteristics of existing organisms
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Sexual characteristics
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Dendrograms of DNA characteristics
Explanation
Phenetic classification groups organisms purely by their observable characteristics (morphological/measurable similarities) among organisms alive today, without regard to their evolutionary ancestry — unlike cladistic classification, which is built on evolutionary/ancestral lineage.
Q.11
Species as unit of classification was first employed by
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Huxley
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De Candolle
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John Ray
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Linnaeus
Explanation
The English naturalist John Ray was the first to employ "species" as the basic unit of classification, well before Linnaeus later formalised binomial nomenclature built on that unit.
Q.12
Descending arrangement of categories is called
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Key
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Hierarchy
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Taxonomy
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Classification
Explanation
A taxonomic hierarchy is the descending (or ascending) arrangement of categories — Kingdom down through Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, to Species — each level nested inside the one above it.
Q.13
Which one is taxonomic aid for identification of plants and animals based on similarities and dissimilarities?
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Flora
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Keys
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Monograph
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Catalogues
Explanation
Taxonomic keys are tools used to identify plants/animals by presenting a series of choices between contrasting characters (similarities and dissimilarities), leading step by step to the correct identification. (Flora, Monographs and Catalogues are other taxonomic aids, but they document/describe species rather than serve as identification tools built on contrasting characters.)
Q.14
As we go from species to Kingdom in a taxonomic hierarchy, the number of common characteristics
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Will decrease
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Will increase
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Remain Same
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May increase or decrease
Explanation
Moving UP the hierarchy from Species toward Kingdom, each successive category becomes broader and more inclusive, grouping together organisms that share fewer and fewer traits in common — so the number of shared characteristics decreases as you go from species to kingdom (and correspondingly increases as you move from kingdom down to species).
Q.15
The taxonomic unit Phylum in the classification of animals is equivalent to which hierarchical level in the classification of plants
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Class
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Order
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Division
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Family
Explanation
In plant classification, the rank equivalent to Phylum (used for animals) is called Division. Both sit at the same level in their respective hierarchies, directly below Kingdom.
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