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Quiz 10
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Q.1
Which of the following is a purine ... .... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Cytosine
0%
b) Guanine
0%
c) Thymine
0%
d) Uracil
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.2
Which biomolecule is correctly characterized ... ... [ CBSE 2012]
0%
a) Lecithin - Phosphorylated glyceride found in cell membrane
0%
b) Palmitic acid - An unsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms
0%
c) Adenylic acid - Adenosine with glucose phosphate molecule
0%
d) Alanine amino acid - Contains an amino group and an acid group anywhere in the molecule
Explanation
Lecithins are composed of phosphoric acid, cholines, esters of glycerol (glyceride), and two fatty acids found in cell membrane. Option 'a' correct match Palmitic acid is saturated fatty acid Option 'b' NOT correct match Adenylic acid is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside adenosineOption 'c' NOT correct match. Alanine amino acid is amino acids are organic compounds that contain amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. option c is NOT correct match Answer : (a)
Q.3
Thermolabile protein part of enzyme is .... ... [ Odisha 2012]
0%
a) Apoenzyme
0%
b) Proenzyme
0%
c) Holoenzyme
0%
d) Isoenzyme
Explanation
Apoenzyme
Co-Enzyme
It is protein part of the holoenzyme or con¬jugate enzyme.
Coenzyme is the non-protein organic group which gets attached to the apoenzyme to form holoenzyme or conjugate enzyme.
It is large in size.
It is small in size.
An apoenzyme is specific for an enzyme.
A coenzyme can function as a cofactor for a number of enzymes carrying out that particular type of reaction.
It takes part in only catalytic activity of the enzyme.
It helps in removing a product of chemical reaction besides bringing contact between the substrate and the enzyme.
Apoenzyme does not help in group transfer.
Coenzyme takes part in group transfer.
Apoenzyme is thermolabile.
Coenzyme is heat stable.
Thermolabile refers to a substance which is subject to destruction, decomposition, or change in response to heat. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Blood clotting is helped by ... ... [ MPPMT 2010]
0%
a) Na+
0%
b) K+
0%
c) Ca2+
0%
d) Mg2+
Explanation
Calcium ions are known to be required for normal polymerisation of fibrin monomers. Answer : (c)
Q.5
Which one is polysaccharide .... ... [ WB 2011]
0%
a) Lactose
0%
b) Glycogen
0%
c) Sucrose
0%
d) Maltose
Explanation
Monosaccharides are glucose, galactose, ribose, and glyceraldehyde. Disaccharides are Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose Trisaccharide are Nigerotriose, Maltotriose, Melezitose, Maltotriulose, Raffinose, Kestose Polysaccharides are Starch,Cellulose, Glycogen Answer : (b)
Q.6
Formation of peptide and glycosidic bonds involves .... .... [ DPMT 2010]
0%
a) Esterification
0%
b) Hydration
0%
c) Dehydration
0%
d) Acidification
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.7
A peptide chain attains secondary structure through the formation of ... .... [ Odisha 2002]
0%
a) Peptide bonds
0%
b) Intrachain ionic bonds
0%
c) Intrachain hydrogen bonds
0%
d) Intrachain disulphide bonds
Explanation
All the peptide linkages of β-keratin participate in interchain hydrogen bonding. Answer : (c)
Q.8
An imino acid is .... ... [ WB 2011]
0%
a) Renin
0%
b) Pepsin
0%
c) Cysteine
0%
d) Proline
Explanation
Imino acids are a group of compounds that contain both an amide and a carboxyl group, bonded to the alpha carbon molecule. Proline contains a secondary amine group, called an imine, instead of a primary amine group. For this reason, proline is called an imino acid. Answer : (d)
Q.9
Cholesterol belongs to group ... .... [ JKCET 2012]
0%
a) Steroid
0%
b) Neutral fats
0%
c) Waxes
0%
d) Phospholipids
Explanation
Cholesterol belongs to the steroid family of lipid (fat) compounds. Answer : (a)
Q.10
Assertion: A coenzyme or metal ion tightly bound to enzyme protein is called prosthetic group Reason: A complete catalytically active enzyme together with its bound prosthetic group is called apoenzymes .... ... [ AIIMS 2007]
0%
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
0%
b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
0%
c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
0%
d) Assertion and Reason both are false
Explanation
An apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme, activation of the enzyme occurs upon binding of an organic or inorganic cofactor. An inactive enzyme without the cofactor is called an apoenzyme, while the complete enzyme with cofactor is called a holoenzyme. Resaon is false Answer : (c)
Q.11
In a 50g living tissue, the amount of water would be ... .... [ AIIMS 2011]
0%
a) 15-25 g
0%
b) 25-30 g
0%
c) 35-45 g
0%
d) 70-90 g
Explanation
Human body contain 70%-90% of water In some organisms, up to 90% of their body weight comes from water. Up to 70% of the human adult body is water. Thus 50g living tissue will have about 35 g of water. The brain and heart are composed of 73% water, and the lungs are about 83% water. The skin contains 64% water, muscles and kidneys are 79%, and even the bones are watery: 31%. Answer : (c)
Q.12
Which is true about enzymes? .... ..... [ BHU 2007]
0%
a) All enzymes are not proteins
0%
b) All enzymes are vitamins
0%
c) All enzymes are proteins
0%
d) All proteins are enzymes
Explanation
Ribozymes are RNA molecules that can carry out enzymatic function by speeding up the rate of a chemical reaction. Answer : (a)
Q.13
Sugar found in DNA is ... .... [ AFMC 2004]
0%
a) Dextrose
0%
b) Levulose
0%
c) Glucose
0%
d) Deoxyribose
Explanation
The 5-carbon sugars ribose and deoxyribose are important components of nucleotides, and are found in RNA and DNA, respectively Answer : (a)
Q.14
Histones are rich in .... ....
0%
a) Alanine and glycine
0%
b) Serine
0%
c) Lysine and arginine
0%
d) Histidine
Explanation
Histones are best known as major components of the nucleosome structure in eukaryotic cells, contributing to gene transcription regulation. They are characteristically classified into two groups: lysine (Lys)-rich histones and arginine Histones are abundant in lysine and arginine. Answer : (c)
Q.15
Nitrogen base + Pentose sugar + Phosphate group is .... .... [ AMU 2012]
0%
a) Nucleoside
0%
b) Nucleic acid
0%
c) Pyrimidine
0%
d) Nucleotide
Explanation
RNA is made of monomers called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of three components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose (five-carbon) sugar called ribose, and a phosphate group. Each nitrogenous base in a nucleotide is attached to a sugar molecule, which is attached to one or more phosphate groups. Answer : (d)
Q.16
Number of carbons in a ring of deoxyribose sugar is ... .... [ Bih PMT 2004]
0%
a) Three
0%
b) Four
0%
c) Five
0%
d) Six
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.17
Enzyme amylase belongs to ... ..... [ AMU 2001]
0%
a) Transferases
0%
b) Hydrolases
0%
c) Isomerases
0%
d) Oxidoreductases
Explanation
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. using water. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Insulin produced by β-cells in our body contains amino acids .... ... [ Tamil Nadu 2001]
0%
a) 50
0%
b) 51
0%
c) 52
0%
d) 53
Explanation
Insulin is composed of two peptide chains referred to as the A chain and B chain. A and B chains are linked together by two disulfide bonds, and an additional disulfide is formed within the A chain. In most species, the A chain consists of 21 amino acids and the B chain of 30 amino acids. Answer : (b)
Q.19
Molecules functioning as biocatalysts in addition to enzymes are ... .... [ AFMC 2012]
0%
a) Polysaccharides
0%
b) RNAs
0%
c) Fatty acids
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
RNA can act as a catalyst, the RNase-P RNA subunit could catalyze the cleavage of precursor tRNA into active tRNA in the absence of any protein component. Answer : (b)
Q.20
Maltose is formed of .... ... [ Manipal 2005]
0%
a) α-glucopyranose and β-fructopyranose
0%
b) α-glucopyranose and α- glucopyranose
0%
c) β-galactopyranose and β-galactopyranose
0%
d) α-galactopyranose and α-galactopyranose
Explanation
maltose is composed of two α-D-glucose units in which C1 of one glucose (I) is linked to C4 of another glucose unit (II) The free aldehyde group can be produced at C1 of second glucose in solution and it shows reducing properties so it is a reducing sugar Answer : (b)
Q.21
Enormous diversity of protein molecules is due to .... ..... [ CBSE 1998]
0%
a) Sequence of amino acids
0%
b) R- groups of amino acids
0%
c) Amino groups of amino acids
0%
d) peptide bonds
Explanation
Proteins are built from a set of twenty amino acids, each of which has a unique side chain. Proteins consist of one or more chains of amino acids called polypeptides. These can be arranged in different order in the polypeptide chain to form a diverse array of proteins. Answer : (a)
Q.22
ATP is ... ..... [ Odisha 2002]
0%
a) Adenosine D-ribose triphosphate
0%
b) Adenosine L-ribose triphosphate
0%
c) Adenine D-ribose triphosphate
0%
d) Adenine L-ribose triphosphate
Explanation
ATP = Adenosine triphosphate, Ribose (d-ribose) is a type of simple sugar, or carbohydrate, that our bodies make. Adenine is one of the four nucleobases. It form the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) It is an essential component of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which supplies energy to our cells. Answer : (a)
Q.23
Steroids are .... ... [ CET Chd 2011]
0%
a) Lipids
0%
b) Proteins
0%
c) Vitamins
0%
d) Carbohydrates
Explanation
Steroids are lipids because they are hydrophobic and insoluble in water, but they do not resemble lipids since they have a structure composed of four fused rings. Answer : (a)
Q.24
The most diverse chemical are ... ... [ AMU 1992]
0%
a) Polysaccharides
0%
b) Lipids
0%
c) Proteins
0%
d) Sugars
Explanation
The most diverse chemical are Proteins Answer : (c)
Q.25
DNA is very long. It is accommodated in small size nucleus by .... ... [ CBSE 2004]
0%
a) DNAase digestion
0%
b) Super coiling
0%
c) Elimination of repetitive DNA
0%
d) Deletion of non-essential genes
Explanation
Supercoiling of DNA reduces the space and allows for DNA to be packaged Answer : (b)
Q.26
Arrange the steps of catalytic action of an enzyme in order and choose the right option ... ..[ kerala 2010] i) Enzyme releases products of reaction and the enzyme is free to bind to another substrate ii) Active site of enzyme is in close proximity of substrate and breaks the chemical bond of substrate iii) Binding of substrate induces enzyme to alter its shape fitting more tightly around substrate iv) Substrate binds to active site of enzyme fitting into active site
0%
a) iv, iii, ii, i
0%
b) iii, ii, i, iv
0%
c) iv, ii, i, iii
0%
d) iii, iv, i, ii
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.27
The two strands of DNA are held together by bonds of ...... [ BHU 1991]
0%
a) Nitrogen
0%
b) Oxygen
0%
c) Hydrogen
0%
d) Carbon
Explanation
The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine forming a base pair with thymine, and cytosine forming a base pair with guanine. Answer : (c)
Q.28
A hexose sugar is ... ... [ Bihr PMT 2001]
0%
a) Arabinose
0%
b) Galactose
0%
c) Mannose
0%
d) Both b and c
Explanation
a hexose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) with six carbon atoms Answer : (d)
Q.29
Which is true about enzyme ... ..... [ KCET 2011]
0%
a) Apoenzyme = Holoenzyme + Coenzyme
0%
b) Holoenzyme = Apoenzyme + Coenzyme
0%
c) Coenzyme = Apoenzyme + Holoenzyme
0%
d) Holoenzyme = Coenzyme - Apoenzyme
Explanation
Holoenzyme a biochemically active compound formed by the combination of an enzyme with a coenzyme. Answer : (b)
Q.30
The most abundant element in living beings is ... ... [ Har PMT 1994]
0%
a) Oxygen
0%
b) Nitrogen
0%
c) Carbon
0%
d) Hydrogen
Explanation
60-70% of human adult body is water Water is the most abundant molecule in cells, accounting for 70% or more of total cell mass. Water have 88.88% of oxygen in H2O Answer : (a)
Q.31
Amylopectin starches are soluble in both hot and cold water and they have
0%
a) branched chains
0%
b) unbranched chains
0%
c) glycosidic linkage
0%
d) ring corners
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.32
Protein quality depends upon .... ....
0%
a) Essential amino acids
0%
b) Isoelectric point
0%
c) Coagulability
0%
d) Quaternary structure
Explanation
Protein quality depends upon essential amino acid composition and the digestibility and bioavailability of its amino acids. Answer : (a)
Q.33
Nucleotide constituents/nitrogen bases of RNA are ... ... [ MHTCET 2009]
0%
a) AGCU
0%
b) TCXU
0%
c) AGCT
0%
d) CTAU
Explanation
The nitrogen bases in RNA include adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U). Answer : (a)
Q.34
The most abundant protein in the animal world is ... .... [ CBSE 2012]
0%
a) Trypsin
0%
b) Haemoglobin
0%
c) Collagen
0%
d) Insulin
Explanation
Most abundant protein in animal is collagen. However, the world's most abundant protein is RuBisCO, an enzyme that catalyzes the first step in carbon fixation Answer : (c)
Q.35
Match the columns ... ...[kerala 2006]
a)Triglyceride
1) Animal Hormone
b) Membrane lipid
2) Feather and leaves
c) Steroid
3) Phospholipids
d) Wax
4) cholesterol, and glycolipids
0%
a) a - 4, b - 3, c - 1, d - 2
0%
b) a - 2, b - 3, c - 4, d - 1
0%
c) a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2
0%
d) a - 4, b - 1, c - 2, d - 3
Explanation
The phospholipid is similar to the triglyceride Triglycerides are completely insoluble in water. However, due to the ionic organic phosphate group, phospholipids demonstrate properties because the ionic group is attracted to water. a - 3 The membrane lipid molecules are amphipathic. membrane lipid molecules—phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids.b - 4 Steroid hormone, any of a group of hormones that belong to the class of chemical compounds known as steroids; these hormones in animals reach their target organs to stimulate or inhibit specific physiological processes.c - 1 Many plants have leaves and fruits with wax coatings to help prevent water loss. Some animals also have wax-coated fur or feathers to repel water. d - 2 Answer : (c)
Q.36
Structural lipids of cell membrane are ... ... [ WB 2011]
0%
a) Simple lipid
0%
b) Chromolipid
0%
c) Phospholipid
0%
d) Steroid
Explanation
The three major classes of membrane lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol. Answer : (c)
Q.37
Organic compound found in most cells is ... ... [ DPMT 2009]
0%
a) Water
0%
b) Glucose
0%
c) Oxygen
0%
d) Sodium chloride
Explanation
Most cells have proteins, a organic molecule Answer : (b)
Q.38
An example of feedback inhibition is ... ... [ Pb. PMT 2005]
0%
a) Allosteric inhibition of hexokinase by glucose 6-phosphate
0%
b) Cyanide action of cytochrome
0%
c) Sulpha drug on folic acid synthesis in bacteria
0%
d) Reaction between succinic dehydrogenase and succinic acid
Explanation
Feedback inhibition is a cellular control mechanism in which an enzyme's activity is inhibited by the enzyme's end product. Hexokinase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step of glycolysis, is inhibited by its product, glucose 6-phosphate. In turn, the level of glucose 6-phosphate rises because it is in equilibrium with fructose 6-phosphate. Hence, the inhibition of phosphofructokinase leads to the inhibition of hexokinase. Answer : (a)
Q.39
According to induced fit theory of enzyme action .... ...
0%
a) Substrate induces conformation change in enzyme
0%
b) Substrate changes it shape after binding
0%
c) Conformational change takes place in substrate
0%
d) There is no conformation change in enzyme
Explanation
The induced fit model is a model for enzyme-substrate interaction. According to the induced fit model, both enzyme and substrate undergo dynamic conformational changes upon binding. The enzyme contorts the substrate into its transition state, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. Answer : (a)
Q.40
Storage protein that coagulates on heating but remains soluble in dilute solution is ... .... [ WB 2012]
0%
a) Globulin
0%
b) Albumin
0%
c) Histone
0%
d) Collagen
Explanation
Albumin on heating coagulates, heat denatures the albumin protein Albumin is water soluble Answer : (b)
Q.41
Excess carbohydrates and proteins are stored in body as ... ... [ DPMT 2010]
0%
a) Amino acids
0%
b) Fats
0%
c) Monosaccharaides
0%
d) Starch
Explanation
Body stores some of carbohydrates within cells (as glycogen) and converts the rest to fat. The body can't store protein, so once needs are met, any extra is used for energy or stored as fat Answer : (b)
Q.42
Which two groups of the following formula are involved in peptide linkage between different amino acids
0%
a) 2 and 3
0%
b) 1 and 4
0%
c) 1 and 3
0%
d) 2 and 4
Explanation
A peptide linkage is a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O). Answer : (c)
Q.43
Which is not true about coenzyme and prosthetic group ... .... [ AMU 2011]
0%
d) Both are not polypeptides
0%
a) Both are required for enzyme action
0%
b) Both are separated from enzymes
0%
c) Both are organic compounds
Explanation
prosthetic group emphasizes the nature of the binding of a cofactor to a protein (tight or covalent) and, thus, refers to a structural property. Answer : (b)
Q.44
Which secondary metabolite is a drug ... ..... [ kerala 2012]
0%
a) Vinblastine
0%
b) Abrin
0%
c) Ricin
0%
d) Carotenoids
Explanation
Secondary metabolites (SMs) are generally defined as small organic molecules produced by an organism that are not essential for their growth, development and reproduction. Vinblastine is a chemical analogue of vincristine, an alkaloid derived from the Madagascar periwinkle plant Vinca rosea (Catharanthus roseus), from which it derives its name. Vinblastine and vincristine are secondary metabolites from Madagascar periwinkles that have a very high economic value as chemotherapy drugs. These compounds are naturally produced in a very low quantity in planta. Answer : (a)
Q.45
Nitrogen is an important component of ... ... [ CPMT 1994]
0%
a) Lipids
0%
b) Carbohydrates
0%
c) Polyphosphates
0%
d) Proteins
Explanation
Nitrogen is a component of amino acids and urea. Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins. All lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Some of them also contain nitrogen and phosphorus. The four main classes of lipids are fats, waxes, sterols, and phospholipids Answer : (d)
Q.46
Inulin is a .... .... [ WB 2012]
0%
a) Lipid
0%
b) Carbohydrate
0%
c) Protein
0%
d) Nucleic acid
Explanation
Inulin is a mixture of linear fructose polymers with different chain length and a glucose molecule at each C2 end. Inulin belongs to the fructan group of polysaccharides and serves as a carbohydrate storage in many plant species. Answer : (b)
Q.47
Heme-protein complex acting as oxidising agent is ... .... [ kerala 2009]
0%
a) Haemoglobin
0%
b) Myoglobin
0%
c) Chlorophyll
0%
d) Cytochrome
Explanation
Cytochrome is any of a number of compounds consisting of haem bonded to a protein. Cytochromes function as electron transfer agents in many metabolic pathways, Answer : (d)
Q.48
In which form is food transported in plants ... ...[ CPMT 2008]
0%
a) Fructose
0%
b) Glucose
0%
c) Sucrose
0%
d) Lactose
Explanation
Sucrose is formed in the cytosol of photosynthesizing cells from fructose and glucose and is then transported to other parts of the plant. This process is favorable for two reasons: Sucrose contains more energy than a monosaccharide, so it is more energy efficient, both in transport as in storage. Secondly, sucrose is a so called non-reducing sugar. This means that it is not oxidized i.e. no intermediate reactions with other molecules occur. This in contrast to glucose that is reactive and can form other products during transport. Answer : (c)
Q.49
Endoenzymes generally act at ... ... [ Pb PMT 2000 ]
0%
a) Acidic pH
0%
b) Alkaline pH
0%
c) Neutral pH
0%
d) Any pH
Explanation
An endoenzyme, or intracellular enzyme, is an enzyme that functions within the cell in which it was produced. Physiologically normal intracellular pH is most commonly between 7.0 and 7.4, Answer : (c)
Q.50
Which of the following sugars cannot split into further groups by hydrolysis ... ....[ CET Chd. 2011]
0%
a) Glucose
0%
b) Sucrose
0%
c) Lactose
0%
d) Maltose
Explanation
Answer : (a)
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