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Q.1
Glucose is ... ... [ Har PMT 1994]
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a) Pyranose pentose sugar
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b) Furanose pentose sugar
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c) Ketose hexose sugar
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d) Aldose hexose sugar
Explanation
Glucose, galactose, and fructose are all hexoses. They are structural isomers, meaning they have the same chemical formula (C6H12O6) but a different arrangement of atoms. Answer : (d)
Q.2
Mannitol is .... ... [ WB 2011]
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a) Amino acid
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b) Amino alcohol
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c) Sugar alcohol
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d) Sugar acid
Explanation
Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication. As a sweetener it is used in diabetic food as it is poorly absorbed by the intestines. Answer : (c)
Q.3
Enzymes functional in cells are called ... .... [ CPMT 1991]
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a) Endoenzymes
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b) Exoenzymes
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c) Apoenzymes
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d) Isoenzymes
Explanation
An endoenzyme, or intracellular enzyme, is an enzyme that functions within the cell in which it was produced. An exoenzyme, or extracellular enzyme, is an enzyme that is secreted by a cell and functions outside that cell. An apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme, activation of the enzyme occurs upon binding of an organic or inorganic cofactor. Isozymes in general can be used to meet the metabolic needs of different tissues and developmental stages. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Protein found in egg white is ... ... [ CMC 2003 ]
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a) Albumin
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b) Casein
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c) Globulin
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d) Vitelline
Explanation
Egg white consists primarily of about 90% water into which is dissolved about 10% proteins (including albumins, mucoproteins, and globulins). Answer : (a)
Q.5
The common feature amongst nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria is ... ... [ BHU 1990]
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a) Lamellae
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b) DNA
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c) Cristae
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d) All the above
Explanation
All of nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is known as mt-DNA and the chloroplast is known as ct-DNA. Answer : (b)
Q.6
The similarity between bacterial and eukaryotic DNA is that both are ... .... [ JIPMER 2004]
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a) Circular
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b) Single stranded
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c) Double stranded
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d) All the above
Explanation
The DNA is double stranded and helical in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Answer : (c)
Q.7
Cane sugar hydrolyses to form ... ... [ JIPMER 2003]
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a) Glucose + Fructose
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b) Glucose + Glucose
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c) Glucose + Galactose
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d) Glucose + Maltose
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.8
Which one is absent in protein? .... ... [ RPMT 1995]
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a) C
0%
b) N
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c) P
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d) S
Explanation
each amino acid contains four elements: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon. Some might also contain a fifth element, sulfur Answer : (c)
Q.9
Diameter of DNA is /Wilkin's X-ray diffraction showed DNA diameter to be ... ... [ BHU 1999 ]
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a) 200 Å
0%
b) 100 Å
0%
c) 20 Å
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d) 50 Å
Explanation
The diameter of the DNA helix is 2 nm or 20 Å and the vertical rise per base pair is 0.34 nm . Answer : (c)
Q.10
Bee's wax consists of .... ..
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a) Myricyl palmitate
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b) Myricyl stearate
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c) Cetyl palmitate
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d) Cetyl stearate
Explanation
Chemically, beeswax is largely myricyl palmitate — the ester of myricyl alcohol and palmitic acid, both long chainlike molecules that are large compared to the acids and alcohols that constitute the small esters with fruity smells. Answer : (a)
Q.11
Enzyme functional at pH - 2 is ... ... [ RPMT 1990]
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a) Trypsin
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b) Pepsin
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c) Lipase
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d) Ptyalin
Explanation
Pepsin is most active at pH 2, with its activity decreasing at higher pH and dropping off completely at pH 6.5 or above. Answer : (b)
Q.12
DNA occurs in ... .... [ MPPMT 1995]
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a) Nucleus
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b) Chloroplast
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c) Mitochondrion
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d) All the above
Explanation
DNA occurs in Nucleus, Chloroplast, Mitochondrion Answer : (d)
Q.13
Carbohydrate used in translocation in angiosperms is ... ......
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a) Ribose
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b) Glucose
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c) Sucrose
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d) Fructose
Explanation
Translocation is the movement of solutes from the leaf to various parts of the body. Sucrose is actively participated from the sources to the sink. As the sucrose moves down from the source the water potential decreases and thus water from the xylem enters the phloem. Plants uses the sucrose as a mode of transfer as it is easily soluble in water. Answer : (c)
Q.14
Starch and cellulose are ... ... [ Odisha 2003]
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a) Branched polysaccharides
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b) Storage products
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c) Components of plant cell walls
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d) Composed of glucose
Explanation
Starch and cellulose are composed of glucose Answer : (d)
Q.15
Which are purines? ... ... [ RPMT 2006]
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a) Adenine and Guanine
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b) Adenine and Thymine
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c) Cytosine and Thymine
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d) Cytosine and Guanine
Explanation
Purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G) while pyrimidines are thymine (T) and cytosine (C) Answer : (a)
Q.16
Select the wrong statement ... .... [ kerala 2007]
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a) Majority of enzymes contain a non protein part called prosthetic group
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b) Thylakoid are arranged one above the other like stack of coins forming a granum
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c) Building blocks of lipid are amino acids
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d) Cross-over occurs at pachytene stage of meiosis I
Explanation
Cofactor: The first type of enzyme partner is a group called cofactors, or molecules that increase the rate of reaction or are required for enzyme function. Coenzymes A specific type of cofactor, coenzymes, are organic molecules that bind to enzymes and help them function. The key here is that they're organic. Prosthetic Groups: Prosthetic groups are cofactors that bind tightly to proteins or enzymes. As if holding on for dear life, they are not easily removed. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Which one contains maximum energy? ... ... [ AMU 2001]
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a) Cyclic AMP
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b) ADP
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c) AMP
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d) Adenosine
Explanation
Energy is also released when a phosphate is removed from ADP to form adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Answer : (b)
Q.18
Most common monosaccharaides found in nucleus are ... ... [ AIIMS 1996]
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a) Trioses
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b) Tetroses
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c) Pentoses
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d) Hexoses
Explanation
Monosaccharides are the simplest form of sugar. Pentose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) with five carbon atoms Pentose are found in nucleotides, deoxyribose (found in DNA) and ribose (found in RNA) Answer : (c)
Q.19
Peptide bond is formed between two amino acids through ... .... [ kerala 2001]
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a) Addition of water
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b) Loss of water
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c) Decarboxylation
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d) Deamination
Explanation
A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two molecules when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino group of the other molecule, releasing a molecule of water (H2O). Answer : (b)
Q.20
A non-protein organic part attached firmly by covalent linkage to apoenzymes .... ... [Odisha 2002]
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a) Cofactor
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b) Coenzyme
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c) Prosthetic group
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d) Activator
Explanation
Apoprotein is a protein which together with a prosthetic group forms a particular biochemical molecule such as a hormone or enzyme. Answer : (c)
Q.21
The four elements making 99% of living system are ... ... [ CBSE 1994]
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a) CHOS
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b) CHOP
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c) CHON
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d) CNOP
Explanation
The four elements making 99% of living system are elements— oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Answer : (c)
Q.22
Which is wrongly matched? ... ... [ kerala 2009]
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a) Fungi -Chitin
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b) Phospholipid - Plasma membrane
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c) Enzyme - Lipopolysaccharide
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d) ATP - Nucleotide derivative
Explanation
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as lipoglycans and endotoxins Answer : (c)
Q.23
Chemical reaction require energy for ... .... [ AIIMS 1993]
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a) Oxidation
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b) Entropy
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c) Activation
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d) Enthalpy
Explanation
All chemical reactions, including exothermic reactions, need activation energy to get started. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Match and choose the true option ... ... [ BHU 2003]
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a) NaCl - Inorganic micromolecule
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b) H2O - Organic micromolecule
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c) Starch - Organic micromolecule
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d) Glucose - Inorganic macromolecule
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.25
Glycogen is related to ... ... [ CPMT 1991]
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a) Glucose
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b) Starch
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c) Ribose sugar
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d) Lactose
Explanation
Glycogen is a readily mobilized storage form of glucose. It is a very large, branched polymer of glucose residues that can be broken down to yield glucose molecules when energy is needed. Answer : (a)
Q.26
Assertion: Arachidic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid Reason: There are present one or more double bonds between carbon atoms in unsaturated fatty acids ... ... [ AIIMA 2007]
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a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
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b) The Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
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c) Assertion is true but, Reason is false
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d) Assertion and Reason both are false
Explanation
Arachidic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 20-carbon backbone Unsaturated fat, a fatty acid in which the hydrocarbon molecules have two carbons that share double or triple bond(s) Answer : (d)
Q.27
Difference in amino acids are due to their .... .... [ AMU 2002 ]
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a) Carboxyl group
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b) Amino group
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c) Peptide bond
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d) R-Group
Explanation
R groups are the radical, meaning it is the variable part of amino acids. Amino acids have three main groups, the carboxyl groups, the amino group and a radical which can change. Answer : (d)
Q.28
Hydrolysis of starch occurs with the help of ... ..... [ CPMT 1994 ]
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a) Sucrase
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b) Amylase
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c) Peptidase
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d) Lipase
Explanation
Amylase Enzyme it catalyzes the breakdown of starch. When amylase reacts with starch, it cuts off the disaccharide maltose (two glucose molecules linked together). As the reaction progresses, less starch will be present and more sugar (maltose) will be present. The activity of amylase can be observed by using iodine Answer : (b)
Q.29
Which one yields protein on hydrolysis? ... .... [ Bih PMT 1996]
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a) Fatty acid
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b) Nucleic acid
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c) Amino acid
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.30
That an enzyme interacts with specific substrate is explained by .... .... [ DPMT 2010]
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a) Enzyme - substrate concept
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b) Destroyed and resynthesized concept
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c) Lock and key concept
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d) Activation energy concept
Explanation
Enzymes are highly specific. They must bind to a specific substrate before they can catalyze a chemical reaction. The specific action of an enzyme with a single substrate can be explained using a Lock and Key Answer : (c)
Q.31
Cellulose is homopolymer of ... ... [ MPPMT 2011]
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a) Fructose
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b) Mannose
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c) Galactose
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d) Glucose
Explanation
Cellulose is a linear polysaccharide polymer with many glucose monosaccharide units. The acetal linkage is beta which makes it different from starch. Answer : (d)
Q.32
Adenosine monophosphate is a .... .... [ KCET 2003]
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a) Nucleoside of DNA
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b) Nucleotide of DNA
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c) Nucleoside of RNA
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d) Nucleotide of RNA
Explanation
Nucleoside have Sugar + Base RNA nucleotides differ from DNA nucleotides by the presence of a hydroxyl group linked to the #2 carbon of the sugar. Example the four major 2-deoxyribose nucleosides are 2-deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyguanosine, 2-deoxycytidine, and 2-deoxythymine Nucleotide have Sugar + Base + Phosphate. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and one to three phosphate groups Adenosine monophosphate : The four bases found in DNA are adenine (abbreviated A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). These four bases are attached to the sugar/phosphate to form the complete nucleotide, as shown for adenosine monophosphate Answer : (b)
Q.33
Enzymes are basically made of .. ...[ BHU 1997]
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a) Nucleic acids
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b) Proteins
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c) Fats
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d) Vitamins
Explanation
Enzymes are proteins consisting of one or more polypeptide chains. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules Answer : (b)
Q.34
Kuhn ... .. [ CPMT 2004]
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a) Discovered enzymes
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b) Coined the term enzyme
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c) Coined the term gene
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d) Discovered parathyroid
Explanation
In 1878 German physiologist Wilhelm Kühne (1837–1900) coined the term enzyme, Answer : (b)
Q.35
Water protects organisms from thermal shock due to its high ... ... [ AMU 1991]
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a) Thermal conductivity
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b) Latent heat
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c) Dielectric constant
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d) All the above
Explanation
Water protects organisms from thermal shock due to its high Latent heat Answer : (b)
Q.36
Richest source of protein is ... ...
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a) Wheat
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b) Sago
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c) Soybean
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d) Rice
Explanation
Soybeans are considered a whole source of protein, they provide the body with the essential amino acid it needs Answer : (c)
Q.37
Ribose is differentiable from deoxyribose in having ... .... [ Har PMT 2002]
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a) Two extra oxygen
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b) No oxygen
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c) Hydroxyl group
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d) One extra hydrogen
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.38
Double helical structure of DNA was proposed by... ... [ RPMT 1996 ]
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a) Kornberg
0%
b) Nirenberg
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c) Watson and Crick
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d) Wilkins and Franklin
Explanation
The 3-dimensional double helix structure of DNA, correctly elucidated by James Watson and Francis Crick. Answer : (c)
Q.39
Amino acid that carries that carries ammonia from skeletal muscle to liver is ... ... [ DPMT 2010]
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a) Alanine
0%
b) Arginine
0%
c) Methionine
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d) Glutamate
Explanation
Alanine plays a key role in glucose–alanine cycle between tissues and liver Answer : (a)
Q.40
Number of amino acids in adrenocorticotrophic hormone is .... ... [ kerala 2000 ]
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a) 19
0%
b) 29
0%
c) 39
0%
d) 49
Explanation
Adrenocorticotropic hormone is a 39-amino-acid peptide hormone produced by cells of the anterior pituitary gland Answer : (c)
Q.41
In a dead or killed animal, glycogen of liver disintegrates enzymatically to form ... .... [ Har PMT 2002]
0%
a) Lactose
0%
b) Fructose
0%
c) Glucose
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
In a dead animal, the metabolism stops and the enzyme required for the degradation of glycogen stops. So the process like glycogenesis and glycogenolysis do not take place Answer : (d)
Q.42
In isolated DNA kept at 82-90°C ... ... [ CPMT 1991]
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a) The two strands uncoil and separate
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b) Fragmentation occurs
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c) Thymine is replaced by uracil
0%
d) The structure is stabilized
Explanation
when isolated DNA is exposed to a temperature range of 82-90° C, the hydrogen bonds break and all the base pairs in a DNA double helix melt, thus uncoiling the helix and separating the stands. Answer : (a)
Q.43
Which one is a reducing sugar? ... .. [ CBSE 2002]
0%
a) Galactose
0%
b) Gluconic acid
0%
c) Sucrose
0%
d) β-methyl galactoside
Explanation
All monosaccharides are reducing sugars because all monosaccharides have an aldehyde group (if they are aldoses) or can tautomerize in solution to form an aldehyde group (if they are ketoses). This includes common monosaccharides like galactose, glucose, glyceraldehyde, fructose, ribose, and xylose. Answer : (a)
Q.44
A protein conjugated to carbohydrates is .... .... [ CBSE 2000 ]
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a) Lecithoprotein
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b) Glycoprotein
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c) Lipoprotein
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d) Metalloprotein
Explanation
Glycoproteins are compounds are conjugated proteins in which the prosthetic groups are carbohydrates; they also include proteoglycans. Glycoproteins differ from proteoglycans because their carbohydrate chains are shorter (oligosaccharides) and branched. Answer : (b)
Q.45
On hydrolysis a nucleoside would not yield ... ... [ DPMT 1996]
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a) Purine
0%
b) Pyrimidine
0%
c) Pentose sugar
0%
d) Phosphoric acid
Explanation
Nucleosides are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group. Hydrolysis of the nucleosides present in nucleic acids yields a heterocyclic (pyrimidine or purine) base and pentose. Thus phosphoric acid can not be yield Answer : (d)
Q.46
An example of conjugated protein is .... .... [ AMU 2002]
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a) Haemoglobin/Flavoprotein
0%
b) Globulin
0%
c) Albumin
0%
d) Peptone
Explanation
Hemoglobin is a conjugated protein. Conjugated proteins refer to complex proteins that are combined with other non-protein substances. Hemoglobin contains the prosthetic group known as heme. Some more examples of conjugated proteins are lipoproteins, glycoproteins, phosphoproteins, hemoproteins, flavoproteins, metalloproteins, phytochromes, cytochromes, opsins and chromoproteins Answer : (a)
Q.47
Class of enzymes contained in lysosome ... ... [ AFMC 2010]
0%
a) Lyase
0%
b) Ligases
0%
c) Hydrolases
0%
d) Transferases
Explanation
Lysosome contain about 40 types of hydrolytic enzymes, including proteases, nucleases, glycosidases, lipases, phospholipases, phosphatases, and sulfatases. All are acid hydrolases. Answer : (c)
Q.48
The enzyme purified and crystallized for the first time was ... ... [ BHU 1990]
0%
a) Urease
0%
b) Insulin
0%
c) Diastase
0%
d) Zymase
Explanation
James Batcheller Sumner (November 19, 1887 – August 12, 1955) was an American chemist. He discovered that enzymes can be crystallized. He demonstrated that urease could be isolated and crystallized Answer : (a)
Q.49
Collagen is ... ... [ CBSE 2002]
0%
a) Carbohydrate
0%
b) Lipid
0%
c) Fibrous or sclero-protein
0%
d) Globular protein
Explanation
Collagen is the major insoluble fibrous protein in the extracellular matrix. Fibrous proteins and globular proteins differ in size, shape, solubility, appearance as well as in function. Fibrous proteins consist of repetition of a single unit to form chains that act as connective tissues and give strength and joint mobility. Examples of fibrous proteins are collagen, elastin, keratin, silk, etc. Globular proteins are spherical in shape and consist of long chains with numerous branches and offshoots which make them great as transport proteins. Examples of globular protein are myoglobin, hemoglobin, casein, insulin, etc Answer : (d)
Q.50
Polymer of α-D glucose is ... ..... [ AMU 1997]
0%
a) Glycogen
0%
b) Cellulose
0%
c) Inulin
0%
d) Callose
Explanation
Glycogen is a branched chain polymer of α-D glucose units in which chain is formed by C1-C4 glycosidic linkage whereas branchin occurs by the formation of C1-C6 glycosidic linkage. Answer : (a)
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