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Quiz 10
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Q.1
on 145 The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid Vector became possible with
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a) DNA ligase
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b) Exonuclease
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c) Endo nuclease
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d) DNA polymerase
Explanation
DNA ligase is used to seal the nicks that remain in recombinant DNA molecule. In fact, DNA ligase joins together the neighbouring nucleotides flanking a discontinuity in a DNA strand by forming a phosphodiester bond. A recombinant DNA molecules is a vector into which the desired DNA fragment has been inserted to enable its cloning in an appropriate host. Endonucleases are the enzymes that produce internal cuts called cleavage in DNA molecules. A class of endonucleases cleaves DNA only within or near those sites, which has specific base sequences, such endonucleases are known as restriction endonucleases. Exonucleases are enzymes that remove one or more nucleotide from the free ends. DNA polymerase is the enzyme, which causes polymerization of nucleotides during DNA replication. Answer:(a)
Q.2
on 146 The total number of nitrogenous bases in human genome is estimated to be about
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a) 35 million
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b) 3.1 million
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c) 3.5 million
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d) 3.5 thousand
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.3
on 147 Identify the Plasmid
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a) Alu I
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b) Hind III
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c) EcoRI
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d) PBR322
Explanation
pBR322 is a widely-used E. coli cloning vector. The p stands for " plasmid " and BR for "Bolivar " and " Rodriguez ", researchers who constructed it. AluI, HindIII, EcoRI all are restriction enzyme Answer:(d)
Q.4
on 148 Which of the following is a recombinant protein?
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a) β galactosidase in E.coli
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b) Insulin in humans
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c) Somatotropin in humans
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d) Interferon in E.coli
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.5
on 149 Identify the wrong statements regarding vectors: (i) Vectors include both cloning vectors and expression vectors. (ii) pBR 322, pUC 8 are all examples of cloning vectors. (iii) BAC and YAC are two expression vectors used in Human Genome Project. (iv) Plasmids are vectors which clone only for small fragments of DNA (10 – 50kb). (v) Cloning vectors are all artificial vectors. (vi) Expression vectors are used to make multiple copies of the foreign gene. (vii) Expression vectors are all natural vectors.
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a) (ii), (iii) and (vi) are wrong
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b) (iii), (iv) and (vi) are wrong
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c) (iii) and (vi) are wrong
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d) (ii) and (vi) are wrong
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.6
on 150 Why do bacterial cells contain restriction endonuclease?
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a) They help identify mutated regions in the chromosome and initiate the excision repair pathway
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b) By selectively binding to particular nucleotide sequences that may appear in viral DNA, the cell can protect itself from infection
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c) These help the bacterium open up the DNA in their chromosomes so that transcription is earlier
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d) They help the bacterium take up foreign DNA from their environment and combine it into their genome
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.7
on 151 A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a bacterial plasmid, and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria, is that
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a) prokaryotes use a different genetic code from that of eukaryotes
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b) Bacteria translate polycistronic messages only
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c) Bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
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d) Bacterial RNA polymerase cannot make RNA complementary to mammalian DNA
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.8
on 152 Repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase isolated from:
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a) Escherichia coli
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b) Bacillus thuringiensis
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c) Thermus aquaticus
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d) Salmonella typhimurium
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.9
on 153 The first hormone artificially produced by culturing bacteria is______
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a) Insulin
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b) thyroxine
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c) Testosterone
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d) Adrenaline
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.10
on 154 Plasmids are autonomously replicating mini chromosomes found in......
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a) Bacteriophage lambda
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b) Leishmania donovani
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c) Escherichia coli
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d) Paramecium caudatum
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.11
on 155 Which enzyme is used to break the membrane to release animal DNA?
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a) Lysozyme
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b) chitinase
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c) Cellulose
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d) All the above
Explanation
lysozyme is used in combination with detergents to break the cell wall and membrane Answer:(a)
Q.12
on 156 In AGE, A stands for:
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a) Accelerated
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b) Attenuated
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c) Agarose
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d) Agar-Agar
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.13
on 157 Which of the following is correct for molecular probes?
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a) Used to detect the complementary sequence in nucleic acid samples
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b) Used to introduce recombinant DNA into an animal cell
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c) Used to cut DNA at random positions
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d) Facilitate the multiplication of DNA
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.14
on 158 What will be the effect if pBR322, a cloning vector does not carry ‘Ori’ site?
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a) Sticky ends will not be produced
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b) Transformation will not take place
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c) The cell will transform into a tumour cell
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d) Replication will not take place
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.15
on 159 Restriction endonucleases are used in genetic engineering because -
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a) They can degrade harmful proteins
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b) They can join DNA fragments
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c) They can cut DNA at specific base sequences
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d) They can cut DNA at variable sites
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.16
on 160 EFB stands for........
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a) European Foundation of Biotechnology
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b) European Foundation of Biology
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c) European Foundation of Biotechnology
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d) European Foundation of Biology
Explanation
The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) was established by European scientists in 1978, Purpose: promote biotechnology Formation: 1978, The EFB Central Office (ECO) is located in Barcelona, Spain. Answer:(c)
Q.17
on 161 A genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in bio mediation of oil spill is species of
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a) Trichoderma
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b) Xanthomonas
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c) Bacillus
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d) Pseudomonas
Explanation
Genetically engineered micro-organism called Pseudomonas putida is used in bioremediation of oil spills Answer:(d)
Q.18
on 162 Which of the following is not a component of vector pBR 322?
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a) Chloramphenicol selectable marker
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b) Replication of proteins
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c) Origin of replication
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d) Cloning site for Bam HI enzyme
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.19
on 163 Staggered cutting is done by:
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a) EcoRI
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b) Hae III
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c) Hind II
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d) Sma I
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.20
on 164 Select the incorrect statement about biotechnology:
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a) It means any technique application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use
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b) Biotechnology is an important tool used for the production of food crops, livestock management, human health care, chemical industries and environment management
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c) It is the study of use of living organisms and the substances produced due to their activities
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d) Biology of organism in relation to their interdependence
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.21
on 165 Two bacteria found to be very useful in genetic engineering experiments are......
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a) Nitrosomonas and Klebsiella
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b) Escherichia and Agrobacterium
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c) Nitrobacter and Azotobacter
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d) Rhizobium and Diplococcus
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.22
on 166 Which primers are used in annealing during amplification of gene ?
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a) Reverse primers
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b) Forward primers
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c) Oligo nucleotide primer
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d) Internal primers
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.23
on 169 Which of the following would you choose as the safest and the most cumbersome selectable marker?
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a) Ampicillin resistant gene
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b) Tetracycline resistant gene
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c) Kanamycin resistant gene
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d) β galactosidase gene
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.24
on 173 The organism whose gene have been artificially altered for desired effect is called as.......
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a) Genetically mutant organism
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b) gene transfer
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c) Genetically modified organism
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d) Genetically transferred organism
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.25
on 174 Name of the drug used in cancer treatment produced by using biotechnology is .....
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a) HGH
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b) TSH
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c) Insulin
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d) Interferon
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.26
on 175 A protein is not expressed properly in a diseased tissue. To find out whether the disease is at the level of translation or post translational modifications, which techniques would you choose?
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a) Southern blotting and South Western blotting
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b) Northern blotting and eastern blotting
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c) Western blotting and eastern blotting
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d) Southern blotting and northern blotting
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.27
on 176 If you discovered a bacterial cell that contained no restriction enzymes, which of the following would you expect to happen?
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a) The cell would be unable to replicate its DNA
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b) The cell would create incomplete plasmids
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c) The cell would be easily infected and lysed by bacteriophages
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d) The cell would become an obligate parasite
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.28
on 177 Ideal host for the amplification of DNA molecules is
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a) Viruses
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b) Plants
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c) Bacteria
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d) Animals
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.29
on 178 Which enzyme is used to break the membrane to release plant DNA ?
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a) Lysozyme
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b) Chitinase
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c) Cellulose
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d) All the above
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.30
on 179 Match the following and choose the correct combination from the option given ...
Column I
Column II
(a)
Escherichia coli
1 - nif gene
(b) Rhizobium meliloti
2 - digestion of hydrocarbons of crude oil
(c) Bacillus thuringiensis
3 - human insulin production
(d) Pseudomonas putida
4 - Biocontrol of fungal disease
-- --
5 - biodegradable insecticide
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a) A = 3, B = 1, C = 5, D = 4
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b) A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4,
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c) A = 2, B = 1, C = 3, D = 4
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d) A = 4, B = 3, C = 1, D = 2
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.31
on 180 Which of the following are true regarding r – DNA technology?
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a) r – DNA technology is used to obtain large number of copies of specific DNA fragments
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b) r – DNA technology is used to obtain large quantities of proteins produced by the concerned gene
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c) r – DNA technology is used to integrate gene of interest into chromosome where its expresses itself
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d) All of these
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.32
on 181 Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen genetically modified which bacterium:
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a) E coli
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b)Salmonella
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c) Agrobacterium
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d) Bacillus
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.33
on 182 The nuclease enzyme which begins its attack from Free end of a polynucleotide is
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a) Exonuclease
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b) Kinase
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c) Polymerase
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d) Endonuclease
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.34
on 183 Which one of the following pair is wrongly matched ?
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a) methanogens - Gobargas
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b) Yeast - Ethanol
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c) Streptomycetes - Antibiotic
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d) Coliforms - vinegar
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.35
on 184 Match the columns:
Column I
Column II
a. EcoRI
Chromogenic substrate
b. PEG
Restriction endonuclease
c. X – Gal
Gene transfer
d. Retrovirus
Virus vector
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a) a=2, b=4, c=1, d=3
0%
b) a=2, b=3, c=1, d=4
0%
c) a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4
0%
d) a=2, b=1, c=3, d=4
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.36
on 185 Introduction of foreign genes into plant or animal cells using micropipettes is
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a) Electroporation
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b) Chemical - mediated gene transfer
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c) Microinjection
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d) Particle gun
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.37
on 186 Particle bombardment technique is also known as .....
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a) Lipofection
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b) Electroporation
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c) Biolistic
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d) Micro injection
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.38
on 187 Given below is a sample of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands, what is so special shown in it ? 5' __________ GAATTC ________ 3' 3' __________ CTTAAG ________ 5'
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a) Replication Completed
0%
b) Deletion mutation
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c) start codon at 5' end
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d) Palindromic sequence of base pairs
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.39
on 188 pBR 322 has restriction sites for:
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a) Sal I and Cla I
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b) Hind III and Pvu II
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c) Pst I and Sal IV
0%
d) EcoRI and Bam HI
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.40
on 189 Ti Plasmid is useful in
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a) bringing new genes into animal cells
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b) bringing new genes into plant cells
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c) to nearly any sites on a chromosome
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d) bringing tumour cells into plant cells
Explanation
Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid refers to the plasmid, which is a component of genetic equipment, that is used by Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transform their genetic material into plants Answer:(b)
Q.41
on 190 c DNA Probes are copied from messenger RNA molecule with the help of __
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a) Restriction enzyme
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b) Reverse transcriptase
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c) DNA Polymerase
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d) Adenosine deaminase
Explanation
A restriction enzyme is a protein that recognizes a specific, short nucleotide sequence and cuts the DNA only at that specific site, which is known as restriction site or target sequence. A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription. DNA polymerases are enzymes that play a key role in DNA replication. The function of the adenosine deaminase enzyme is to eliminate a molecule called deoxyadenosine, which is generated when DNA is broken down. Answer:(d)
Q.42
on 191 Which of the following statements are true regarding EcoRI? (i) The enzyme name has the first letter from bacterial genes. (ii) The second letter comes from the species. (iii) The forth letter derived from the name of strain. (iv) Roman number indicated the order in which the enzymes were isolated from that strain of bacteria.
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a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
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b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
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c) (i) and (ii)
0%
d) (iii) and (iv)
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.43
on 192 Genes which helps in the growth of transformants are .....
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a) orgin of replication
0%
b) cloning site
0%
c) origin of restriction
0%
d) selectable marker
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.44
on 193 Which of the following statements is not correct regarding EcoRI restriction endonuclease enzyme?
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a) It is isolated from Escherichia coli RY 13
0%
b) Its recognition sequence is
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c) It produces complementary blunt ends
0%
d) EcoRI can produce maximum activity in conditions including low salt concentration, high glycerol concentration, excessive amounts of enzyme present in the reaction, high pH and contamination with certain organic solvents
Explanation
Answer:(c)
Q.45
on 194 In bacteria, genes for antibiotic resistance are usually located in
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a) Plasmids
0%
b) Cytoplasm
0%
c) Mitochondria
0%
d) Nucleus
Explanation
Bacteria develop resistance mechanisms by using instructions provided by their DNA. Often, resistance genes are found within plasmids, small pieces of DNA that carry genetic instructions from one germ to another. This means that some bacteria can share their DNA and make other germs become resistant Answer:(a)
Q.46
on 195 The enzymes that cuts specifically recognition sites in the DNA is known as
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a) DNA ligase
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b) DNA Polymerase
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c) Reverse transcriptase
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d) Restriction endonuclease
Explanation
Answer:(d)
Q.47
on 196 Plasmids are the suitable vectors for genetic cloning as.....
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a) They are indispensable
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b) They are self-replicating units
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c) They are essential for bacterial reproduction
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.48
on 197 Ti Plasmid naturally occurs in
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a) Agro bacterium
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b) Corynebacterium
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c) Staphylococcus
0%
d) Vibrio
Explanation
Answer:(a)
Q.49
on 198 The sequence of DNA that reads the same backward and forward across the double strand is........
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a) Recipient sequence
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b) palindromic sequence
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c) Replicate sequence
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d) origin sequence
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.50
on 199 What is C - DNA ?
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a) circular DNA
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b) Cloned DNA
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c) DNA produced from reverse transcription of RNA
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d) Cytoplasmic DNA
Explanation
Answer:(c)
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