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Quiz 9
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Q.1
The cell membranes of the adjacent cells are fused at the cell junction. [ AMU 2010]
0%
a) macula adherens
0%
b) Zonula occludens
0%
c) Zonula adherens
0%
d) Nexus
Explanation
The plasma membranes of adjacent cells essentially fuse together tightly in order to limit the leakage of various substances between the two cells. Tight junctions are also called zonula occludens. The word zonula comes from words that mean small zone or encircling belt, while occludens comes from the Latin word occludere, which means to close up. Answer : (b)
Q.2
The term plastid was coined by ... ... [ CET Chd. 2003 ]
0%
a) Haeckel
0%
b) Strasburger
0%
c) Virchow
0%
d) Flemming
Explanation
Plastids were discovered and named by Ernst Haeckel in the year 1886 Answer : (a)
Q.3
Nucleolus takes part in synthesis of ... ... [ RPMT 1994 ]
0%
a) rRNA
0%
b) tRNA
0%
c) mRNA
0%
d) DNA
Explanation
The most prominent substructure within the nucleus is the nucleolus , which is the site of rRNA transcription and processing, and of ribosome assembly. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Oxidative electron transport occurs in ... ... [ Pb PMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Chloroplast
0%
b) Outer membrane of mitochondria
0%
c) Cristae
0%
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation
Oxidative phosphorylation is a mechanism for ATP synthesis in both plant and animal cells. It involves the chemiosmotic coupling of electron transport and ATP synthesis. Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria , termed cristae. Answer : (c)
Q.5
In Ulothrix, the shape of chloroplast is .. ..... [ AMU 2005 ]
0%
a) Star - shaped
0%
b) Cup -shaped
0%
c) Girdle -shaped
0%
d) Diffused type
Explanation
Ulothrix. : a genus (the type of the family Ulotrichaceae) of green algae that are common in ponds and consist of simple filaments with girdle -shaped green chloroplasts. Answer : (c)
Q.6
Protoplasm forms percentage of total weight of the body ... ... {AMU 1999 ]
0%
a) 45%
0%
b) 70%
0%
c) 95%
0%
d) 15%
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.7
Polymorphic cell organelle is ... .. [ MPPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Glyoxysome
0%
b) Peroxisome
0%
c) Lysosome
0%
d) Golgi complex
Explanation
Polymorphism, i.e. existence of a structure in more than one form, is an important feature of lysosomes. Several different forms of lysosomes have been identified within the cell as primary lysosomes, secondary lysosomes, residual bodies and autophagic vacuoles. Answer : (c)
Q.8
rRNA occurs in ... ... [ MHT CET 2008 ]
0%
a) Lysosomes
0%
b) Cytosol
0%
c) Ribosomes
0%
d) Golgi apparatus
Explanation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), molecule in cells that forms part of the protein-synthesizing organelle known as a ribosome and that is exported to the cytoplasm to help translate the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) into protein Answer : (c)
Q.9
Which is common in plant and animal cells
0%
a) Plastids
0%
b) Centrioles
0%
c) Mitochondria
0%
d) Central vacuole
Explanation
Animal cells and plant cells share the common components of a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and a cell membrane. Answer : (c)
Q.10
Which ones have round and biconcave shape ... ... [ kerala 2011 ]
0%
a) White blood cells
0%
b) Red blood cells
0%
c) Columnar epithelial cells
0%
d) Nerve cells
Explanation
Erythrocytes (Red blood cells), biconcave disks packed with an oxygen-carrying compound called hemoglobin. Answer : (b)
Q.11
Protein synthesis occur in an animal cell in ... .. [ JIPMER1997 ]
0%
a) Cytoplasm
0%
b) Cytoplasm as well as mitochondria
0%
c) Ribosomes attached to nuclear envelope
0%
d) Nucleolus as well as cytoplasm
Explanation
Protein synthesis is a complex process, it essentially involves DNA for the synthesis of mRNA (transcription) which contains information for the synthesis of proteins (translation). The process of translation takes place on ribosomes which are found in cytoplasm (in attached form on ER) and in mitochondria (in the free form). Answer : (b)
Q.12
Which of the following is seen only in prokaryotic cell... ... [ kerala 2012 ]
0%
a) Dictyosome
0%
b) Ribosome
0%
c) Mesosome
0%
d) ER
Explanation
Mesosomes are areas in the cell membrane of prokaryotic (bacterial) cells that fold inward. They play a role in cellular respiration, the process that breaks down food to release energy. Answer : (c)
Q.13
Colour of Rose petals is due to water soluble pigment present in .. ... [ AMU 1998 ]
0%
a) Cytoplasm
0%
b) Intercellular spaces
0%
c) Nucleus
0%
d) Vacuoles
Explanation
Colour of rose petals is due to water-soluble pigment present in the vacuoles. The plant vacuoles consist of various water-soluble pigments such as carotenoids, anthocyanins and xanthophylls etc. Anthocyanins are also water-soluble pigments which are red, purple, or blue in colour depending on the pH (blueberry, raspberry etc). The colour of flower petals (red, pink, blue and purple) is mainly from the pigments called anthocyanins. the correct answer is 'Vacuoles'. Answer : (d)
Q.14
Which of the following statement about cilia is not correct? ... .. [ CBSE 2006 ]
0%
a) Organised beating of cilia is controlled by fluxes of Ca2+ across the membrane
0%
b) Cilia are hair-like cellular appendages
0%
c) Cilia contain an outer ring of nine doublet microtubules surrounding two singlet microtubules
0%
d) Microtubules of cilia are composed of tubulin
Explanation
Cilia are minute, hair like processes on the surface of protozoans or of metazoans cells each by their motion accomplish locomotion or produce a current. Although the mechanism of ciliary movement is not completely under stood. It is known that the microtubules behave as sliding filament that move past one another much like the sliding filaments of vertebrate skeletal muscle. The fluxes of Ca2+ across the membrane is not responsible for controlling the organized beating or cilia. Answer : (a)
Q.15
E.R. of rapid dividing cells is .... ... [ AMU 1998 ]
0%
a) Non-functional
0%
b) Poorly developed
0%
c) Absent
0%
d) Highly developed
Explanation
The endoplasmic reticulum is little or poorly developed in meristematic cells, young dividing cells etc. Membranes of Endoplasmic reticulum are thinner than most other cell membranes. Answer : (b)
Q.16
A thoroughly washed beet root slice kept in water at room temperature does not lose anthocyanin pigment because plasma membrane is ... ... [ CET Chd2002]
0%
a) Permeable to anthocyanin
0%
b) impermeable to anthocyanin
0%
c) Selectively permeable to anthocyanin
0%
d) Dead
Explanation
Anthocyanins are colored water-soluble pigments belonging to the phenolic group. The pigments are in glycosylated forms. Anthocyanins responsible for the colors, red, purple, and blue, are in fruits and vegetables A thoroughly washed beet root slice kept in water at room temperature does not lose anthocyanin pigment , does not come out.This indicates that most likely the plasma membrane is impermeable to anthocyanin Thin slices have a larger surface area and so leak more pigment; freezing the beetroot first bursts the cell membranes and kills the cells, thus allowing the pigment to be extracted much more quickly. Answer : (b)
Q.17
A chromosome with centromere in the middle is ... ... [ Odisha 2007 ]
0%
a) Metacentric
0%
b) Telocentric
0%
c) Acrocentric
0%
d) Dicentric
Explanation
A chromosome is metacentric if its two arms are roughly equal in length. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Smaller cells have ... ... [ DPMT 2011 ]
0%
a) Small surface area per volume ratio
0%
b) Large surface area per volume ratio
0%
c) Slow exchange rate of nutrients
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Or Surface area to the volume ratio gets larger as the cell gets smaller Answer : (b)
Q.19
Average diameter of plastids is ... ... [ Odisha 2003 ]
0%
a) 0.2 - 1.0 mm
0%
b) 0.2 - 1.0 µm
0%
c) 0.2 - 1.0 nm
0%
d) 0.2 - 1.0 Å
Explanation
All plastids, including chloroplasts, develop from proplastids, small (0.2 to 1 μm in diameter) undifferentiated organelles present in the rapidly dividing cells of plant roots and shoots. Answer : (b)
Q.20
Rackr's/ Fernandez-Moran particles are found in ... ... [ Odisha 2012 ]
0%
a) Golgi bodies
0%
b) Chromosomes
0%
c) Mitochondria
0%
d) Nucleus
Explanation
Oxysomes refers to small round structures present within the folds of the cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are called elementary particles or Parson’s particle or Fernandez-Moran particle or F0F1-particles. Mitochondria consists of about 104 -105 oxysomes. Answer : (c)
Q.21
Chloroplasts of algae lack ... ... [ AMU 1998 ]
0%
a) Quantasomes
0%
b) Lamellae
0%
c) Pigments
0%
d) Grana
Explanation
The blue-green algae lack definite chloroplasts; instead they possess loosely arranged membranes in the cytoplasm on which the photosynthetic pigments are layered. The shape too vary considerably Answer : (d)
Q.22
Number of microtubules in a flagellum including those sharing three protofilaments with each other is .... .... [ CPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) 10
0%
b) 11
0%
c) 20
0%
d) 22
Explanation
Fibrillar arrangement of a flagella represents the arrangement of the microtubules in the flagella The fibrillar arrangement of eukaryotic flagella and cilia is 9+2 It means that the microtubules are arranged in a nine fold radial symmetry called the axoneme They consist of a total of 11 longitudinal fibrils of which 2 are present in the center and 9 on the periphery" Answer : (b)
Q.23
Series of reaction which can convert fatty acids to sugars in plant but not in animals is .... [ CBSE 1994 ]
0%
a) Krebs cycle
0%
b) Glyoxylate cycle
0%
c) Ornithine cycle
0%
d) Glycolysis
Explanation
The glyoxylate cycle, a variation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi. Net result of the glyoxylate cycle is therefore the production of glucose from fatty acids. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Chemical used most by plants is ... ... [ DPMT 1998 ]
0%
a) Carbon dioxide
0%
b) Oxygen
0%
c) Cytochrome
0%
d) Nitrogen
Explanation
Plants get carbon dioxide from the atmosphere which is released by animals and burning of fuels. With the help of carbon dioxide and water, plants synthesize its own food by photosynthesis. More carbon dioxide means more photosynthesis. Answer : (a)
Q.25
New cells generate from .. .... [ HPPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) Bacterial fermentation
0%
b) Regeneration of old cells
0%
c) Pre-existing cells
0%
d) Abiotic material
Explanation
According to the biogenic theory, new cells can only arise from pre-existing cells. Only complete cells, in favourable conditions, can give rise to new cells. Answer : (c)
Q.26
Which is not part of endomembrane system .... ... [ CBSE 2011 ]
0%
a) Golgi body
0%
b) Vacuole
0%
c) Peroxisome
0%
d) Lysosome
Explanation
peroxisomes are enclosed in membranes they are not considered part of the endomembrane system Answer : (c)
Q.27
Middle lamella is mainly composed of ... ... [ Odisha 2011]
0%
a) Hemicellulose
0%
b) Calcium pectate
0%
c) Muramic acid
0%
d) Phosphoglycerides
Explanation
The middle lamella is made up of calcium and magnesium pectates. In a mature plant cell it is the outermost layer of cell wall. Answer : (b)
Q.28
Mitochondria are absent in ... ... [ AMU 1998 ]
0%
a) Bacteria
0%
b) Red algae
0%
c) Green algae
0%
d) Brown algae
Explanation
Bacteria are prokaryotes and are primitive cell or organism, so they have simple organization and are deprived of membraned bounded organelles. Answer : (a)
Q.29
Cell organelle taking part in photorespiration is ... ... [ AIIMS 1991 ]
0%
a) Glyoxysome
0%
b) Peroxisome
0%
c) Dictyosome
0%
d) E.R.
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.30
Which is common between chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts? [ AIIMS 2006 ]
0%
a) Presence of pigments
0%
b) Presence of thylakoids and grana
0%
c) Storage of starch, proteins and lipids
0%
d) Ability to multiply by a fission-like process
Explanation
Plastids are semiautonomous cell organelles which are surrounded by double membrane envelope and are found only in plants cells and some unicellular organisms like Euglena. Plastids are of three main types - leucoplasts, chromoplasts and chloroplasts. The common among all the three organelles are that they have ability to multiply by a fission like process because these organelles contain their own genetic material and protein synthesizing machinery, i.e., DNA, RNA and ribosomes. Answer : (d)
Q.31
Lysosomes are formed from ... ... [ BHU 2007 ]
0%
a) E.R.
0%
b) Golgi bodies
0%
c) Mitochondria
0%
d) Both A and B
Explanation
Lysosomes are formed by the fusion of transport vesicles budded from the trans Golgi network with endosomes, which contain molecules taken up by endocytosis at the plasma membrane Answer : (b)
Q.32
Phagocytosis was first seen by ... ... [ BHU 1995 ]
0%
a) Huxley
0%
b) Straburger
0%
c) Haeckel
0%
d) Metchnikoff
Explanation
Elie Metchnikoff, a Russian scientist who was the first to discover phagocytosis Answer : (d)
Q.33
Pectin occurs in ... .. [ manipal 2005 ]
0%
a) Blood proteins
0%
b) Plant cell walls
0%
c) Milk protein
0%
d) Liver cells
Explanation
In a plant, pectin is present in the middle lamella, primary cell and secondary walls and is deposited in the early stages of growth during cell expansion Answer : (b)
Q.34
Eukaryotic ribosomes are ... ... [ kerala 2002 ]
0%
a) 30 S
0%
b) 50 S
0%
c) 80 S
0%
d) 70 S
Explanation
Eukaryotic ribosomes are also known as 80S ribosomes, referring to their sedimentation coefficients in Svedberg units Answer : (c)
Q.35
Which one is an organelle within an organelle .... ... [ CBSE 2012 ]
0%
a) ER
0%
b) Mesosome
0%
c) Peroxisome
0%
d) Ribosome
Explanation
Ribosome is also present in the organelles: chloroplast(in plant cells) and mitochondria. Thus ribosomes are called organelles within organelle. Answer : (d)
Q.36
According to cell theory ... ... [ BHU 1999 ]
0%
a) Cells are fundamental structural units of organisms
0%
b) Cells reproduce
0%
c) Cell are living
0%
d) Cell have nuclei
Explanation
According to cell theory, cells are fundamental structural units of organisms Answer : (a)
Q.37
Detoxification site in liver is ... ... [ DPMT 1997]
0%
a) Free ribosomes
0%
b) Golgi complex
0%
c) SER
0%
d) RER
Explanation
This detoxification process occurs in the liver, which contains an abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in detoxification of chemicals. Answer : (c)
Q.38
Choose the wrong statement regarding bacterial cell A) Glycocalyx is the outer most envelope in bacteria B) Glycocalyx could be a loose sheath called capsule C) Glycocalyx may be thick and tough called slime layer D) A special structure formed by the plasma membrane is called mesosome E) Small bristle-like fibres sprouting out of the cell are called fimbriae ... ... [ kerala 2012 ]
0%
a) A and C are wrong
0%
b) A and B are wrong
0%
c) B and C are wrong
0%
d) A and D are wrong
Explanation
Glycocalyx is the outermost layer of cell envelope. It is made up of mucopolysaccharides and it provides protection to bacterial cell. It also helps in adhesion. Glycocalyx is may be in the form of loose sheath ( Slime layer) or in the form of tough layer( Capsule) . Statement A is correct Statement B, C is wrong Mesosomes or chondrioids are folded invaginations in the plasma membrane of bacteria that are produced by the chemical fixation Statement D is correct Prokaryotic organism such as bacteria have hundreds of hair-like appendages or bristle like fibres sprouting out of cells called fimbriae, Statement E is correct Answer : (c)
Q.39
Which one is common amongst nucleus chloroplast and mitochondria? ... ... [ BHU 1990 ]
0%
a) Cristae
0%
b) Thylakoids
0%
c) Nucleic acid
0%
d) Carbohydrate metabolism
Explanation
All of nucleus, chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA. Nucleic acid is a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain Answer : (c)
Q.40
Streaming of cytoplasm within a living cell is ... ... [ CET Chd 2011 ]
0%
a) Homoeostasis
0%
b) Cyclosis
0%
c) Diffusion
0%
d) Osmoregulation
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.41
Polytene chromosomes occur in cells of salivary glands of ... ... [ JIPMER 1998 ]
0%
a) Some insects
0%
b) Rabbit
0%
c) Humans
0%
d) Mice
Explanation
Polytene chromosomes are present in secretory tissues of dipteran insects such as the Malpighian tubules of Sciara and also in protists, plants, mammals, or in cells from other insects. Some of the largest polytene chromosomes described thus far occur in larval salivary gland cells of the chironomid genus Axarus. Answer : (a)
Q.42
F1 particles occur in ... .... [ Odisha 2004 ]
0%
a) Mitochondria
0%
b) Chloroplasts
0%
c) Ribosomes
0%
d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation
F0 and F1 (oxysomes) particles are found in the inner mitochondrial region and are attached to the cristae and help in ATP production and oxidation Answer : (a)
Q.43
Who first saw and described a live cell.. .... [ HPPMT 2010 ]
0%
a) Matthias Schleiden
0%
b) Theodore Schwann
0%
c) Anton von Leeuwenhoek
0%
d) Rudolf Virchow
Explanation
The first cells from an organism (cork) were observed by Hooke in the 1600s. Soon after, microscopist van Leeuwenhoek observed many other living cells. Answer : (c)
Q.44
Plasmodesmata are .... ... [ CBSE 2009 ]
0%
a) Locomotory structures
0%
b) Lignified cement between cells
0%
c) Connection between adjacent cells
0%
d) Membranes connecting nucleus and plasmalemma
Explanation
Plasmodesmata is a narrow thread of cytoplasm that passes through the cell walls of adjacent plant cells and allows communication between them. Answer : (c)
Q.45
Which one is non-living cell inclusion? [ Odisha 1997 ]
0%
a) Golgi complex
0%
b) Centrosome
0%
c) Vacuole
0%
d) Ribosome
Explanation
Vacuoles are non-living cell inclusions present in the cytoplasm which contain inorganic and organic molecules. Vacuoles are non-living as it does not have the parts to sustain life as itself, as without a nucleus and its own organelles Answer : (c)
Q.46
Function of lysosome is ... ... [ MPPMT 2002 ]
0%
a) Breakdown of cell substances
0%
b) Synthesis of proteins
0%
c) Photosynthesis
0%
d) Breakdown of water
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.47
Cuticle occurs over ... ... [ Odisha 2007 ]
0%
a) Virus
0%
b) Human cell
0%
c) Plant cell
0%
d) Bacterium
Explanation
Answer : (c)
Q.48
Water soluble materials pass through .... .. [ Kerala 2003 ]
0%
a) Extrinsic proteins
0%
b) Channel proteins
0%
c) Spectrin
0%
d) Glycoprotein
Explanation
A channel protein is a special arrangement of amino acids which embeds in the cell membrane, providing a hydrophilic passageway for water and small, polar ions. Like all transport proteins, each channel protein has a size and shape which excludes all but the most specific molecules Answer : (b)
Q.49
Cytoskeleton is made of ... .. [ DPMT 1997 ]
0%
a) Microtubules and E.R.
0%
b) Microtubules and microfilaments
0%
c) Cytoplasm
0%
d) Cytoplasm with network of microtubules and microfilaments
Explanation
The cytoskeleton of a cell is made up of microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments. These structures give the cell its shape and help organize the cell's parts. In addition, they provide a basis for movement and cell division. Answer : (b)
Q.50
Which statement is not correct with reference to mitochondria? [ KCET 2009 ]
0%
a) They divide in synchrony with cell cycle.
0%
b) They contain DNA
0%
c) They contain cristae
0%
d) They provide chemical energy
Explanation
Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by fission, much like bacteria. When the cell divides, the Mitochondria and chloroplasts are distributed to the daughter cells. Most of the proteins in the mito and chloro are encoded by the nuclear genome and they are imported, Mitochondria divide and are split amongst the daughter cells during cell proliferation Answer : (a)
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