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Q.1
Thigmotropism is best exhibited by ... ... [ AFMC 1998]
0%
a) Lamina
0%
b) Tendrils
0%
c) Root apex
0%
d) Thorns
Explanation
Thigmotropism is the directional response of a plant organ to touch or physical contact with a solid object. The tendrils actually "feel" the solid object, which results in the coiling response. Answer : (b)
Q.2
Negative phototropism occurs in ... .... [ Tamil Nadu 2001]
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a) Root
0%
b) Stem
0%
c) Leaf
0%
d) Flower
Explanation
Negative phototropism is growth away from light. Shoots, or above-ground parts of plants The root shows negative phototropism because the movement of root is in the direction opposite to that of light. Answer : (a)
Q.3
Which one is the test for gibberellin? ... ... [ AIIMS 1991 ]
0%
a) Bolting in Cabbage
0%
b) Morphogenesis in tobacco callus
0%
c) Rapid divisions in Carrot cells
0%
d) Elongation of Oat coleoptile
Explanation
Bolting is induced by plant hormones of the gibberellin family, and can occur as a result of several factors, including changes in day length, the prevalence of high temperatures at particular stages in a plant's growth cycle, and the existence of stresses such as insufficient water or minerals. Answer : (a)
Q.4
Ethylene is ... .. [ JIPMER 2000 ]
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a) A gaseous metabolite
0%
b) A gaseous enzyme
0%
c) A gaseous hormone
0%
d) A solid hormone
Explanation
Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that affects the ripening and flowering of many plants. It it widely used to control the freshness in horticulture and fruits. Answer : (c)
Q.5
Growth substance that stimulates nodule formation in leguminous plants is .... ..[ JIPMER 2000 ]
0%
a) NAA
0%
b) IAA
0%
c) IBA
0%
d) ABA
Explanation
Rhizobia respond by releasing nodulation factor (sometimes just called nod factor), which stimulates nodule formation in plant roots. The root nodules were found to contain more IAA Some plant-associated bacteria, including rhizobia, have the capacity to produce the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) Answer : (b)
Q.6
Artificial ripening of fruits/banana is accomplished by treatment with ... ... [ BHU 2001 ]
0%
a) Sodium chloride
0%
b) IAA
0%
c) Ethylene gas
0%
d) Kinetin
Explanation
Artificial ripening of fruits/banana is accomplished by treatment with ethylene gas Answer : (c)
Q.7
Which locomotory movement is not correct ... .... [ Guj CET 2010]
0%
a) Cyclosis and rotation of cytoplasm in Hydrilla
0%
b) Sucrose induced movement of sperms
0%
c) Flagellar movement of slime mould
0%
d) Chlamydomonas moves away from intense light
Explanation
The slime mold glides along, lifting and engulfing food particles, especially bacteria Answer : (c)
Q.8
Opening and closing of flowers represent a kind of ... ... [ MPPMT 1991]
0%
a) Nastic movements
0%
b) Tropic movements
0%
c) Nutation movements
0%
d) Autonomic movements
Explanation
Nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli, and are usually associated with plants. Opening and closing of flowers in response to light and darkness is called photonasty. Answer : (a)
Q.9
Parthenocarpy can be achieved by .... ... [ AIIMS 1990]
0%
a) Zeatin
0%
b) ABA
0%
c) Auxins
0%
d) Kinetin
Explanation
Auxin treatment of young, unpollinated ovaries in certain cultivars of strawberry, tomato, grape, and orange is known to cause production of parthenocarpic fruit. Answer : (c)
Q.10
Which hormone is responsible for apical growth? .... .. [ Bih PMT 2004]
0%
a) IAA
0%
b) Abscisic acid
0%
c) GA
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
IAA hormone is responsible for apical growth Answer : (a)
Q.11
The fungus associated with discovery and source of gibberellins is ... ..... [ MPPMT 1999 ]
0%
a) Fusarium oxysporum
0%
b) Fusarium solani
0%
c) Fusarium moniliforme
0%
d) Fusarium longipes
Explanation
Gibberellins were first isolated from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, the cause of the foolish seedling disease of rice Answer : (c)
Q.12
Which of the following is used in root formation on stem cuttings? .... ... [ BHU 1991]
0%
a) Kinetin
0%
b) GA3
0%
c) ABA
0%
d) IBA/IAA
Explanation
Exogenously applied auxins were not crucial for root formation, however their application resulted in higher percent of more qualitative leafy cuttings. IBA proved as the most efficient treatment and it additionally induced earlier root formation Answer : (d)
Q.13
Which is not a natural plant hormone? .... .... [ AIIMS 1996]
0%
a) GA3
0%
b) GA2
0%
c) IAA
0%
d) 2, 4-D
Explanation
2,4-D, is a herbicide used to kill any dicot plant tissue. The substance is a synthetic auxin, which is a type of plant hormone that is absorbed by the leaves of a plant. Answer : (d)
Q.14
Which of the following is a cytokinin? ... .... [ HPPMT 2001]
0%
a) Phytochrome
0%
b) Leucine
0%
c) Ethylene
0%
d) Zeatin
Explanation
Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine, which occurs in the form of a cis- and a trans-isomer and conjugates. Leucine is an essential, branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) Phytochromes are a class of photoreceptor in plants Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. Answer : (d)
Q.15
A plant growing in complete darkness shows ... ...[ MHTCET 2010]
0%
a) Vernalisation
0%
b) Etiolation
0%
c) Chlorosis
0%
d) Wilting
Explanation
Etiolation is a process in flowering plants grown in partial or complete absence of light. It is characterized by long, weak stems; smaller leaves due to longer internodes; and a pale yellow color. Answer : (b)
Q.16
Flowering is influenced by ... ... [ BHU 1990]
0%
a) Soil water content
0%
b) Soil acidity
0%
c) Photoperiod
0%
d) Content of green pigment
Explanation
Many flowering plants (angiosperms) use a photoreceptor protein, such as phytochrome or cryptochrome, to sense seasonal changes in night length, or photoperiod, which they take as signals to flower. Answer : (c)
Q.17
Response of plants due to reversible turgor change in pulvinus as result of touch is ... ... [ Odisha 2010]
0%
a) Photonasty
0%
b) Thermonasty
0%
c) Seismonasty
0%
d) Chemonasty
Explanation
Turgor movements are reversible only if the osmotic pressure within the cells can decrease again after some time. Such changes can be observed in some petiole joints (pulvinus) that cause the circadian lifting and lowering of leaves. seismonasty is the nastic response of a plant or fungus to touch or vibration. Answer : (c)
Q.18
Thigmotropism is best seen in ... ... [ BHU 2005]
0%
a) Root apex
0%
b) Stem apex
0%
c) Leaf apex
0%
d) Tendrils
Explanation
Thigmotropism is the directional response of a plant organ to touch or physical contact with a solid object. The tendrils actually "feel" the solid object, which results in the coiling response. Answer : (d)
Q.19
Foolish seedling disease/bakane of Rice helped in discovery of hormone ... ... [ AIIMS 1992]
0%
a) Gibberellin
0%
b) IAA
0%
c) Ethylene
0%
d) Cytokinin
Explanation
Foolish seedling disease/bakane of Rice helped in discovery of hormone Gibberellin Answer : (a)
Q.20
Banana is seedless because ... ..... [ JIPMER 2004]
0%
a) It reproduces asexually
0%
b) It is sprayed by auxin
0%
c) Both a and b
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Banana is seedless because, it reproduces asexually The mature banana plant forms rhizomes that grow into little plants known as pups that can be removed and planted elsewhere Answer : (a)
Q.21
Development of shoot and root is determined by ... ..... [ BHU 1997 ]
0%
a) Cytokinin and auxin ratio
0%
b) Enzymes
0%
c) Temperature
0%
d) Plant nutrients
Explanation
A high ratio of cytokinin to auxin favours shoot production, whereas a high auxin to cytokinin ratio favours root production. Intermediate levels of both hormones enhance callus formation. Answer : (a)
Q.22
Antiauxin used in picking cotton balls is ... ...[ PB PMT 2002]
0%
a) 2,4-D
0%
b) TIBA
0%
c) NAA
0%
d) Both a and b
Explanation
Antiauxin a plant substance that opposes or suppresses the natural effect of an auxin Triidobenzoic Acid is an inhibitor of polar auxin transport and more commonly known as TIBA. It is Used as a plant growth regulator and controller. It suppresses somatic embryo formation and postembryonic shoot / root development TIBA is sprayed on the cotton plants to defoliate. This will help in machine picking of cotton balls. Answer : (b)
Q.23
What is a stress hormone? or The hormone produced during adverse environmental conditions is .... ... [ BHU 1998]
0%
a) Benzyl aminopurine
0%
b) Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
0%
c) Ethylene
0%
d) Abscisic acid
Explanation
Abscisic acid is called stress hormones as it induces various responses in plants against stress conditions. It increases the tolerance of plants toward various stresses. It induces the closure of the stomata during water stress. It promotes seed dormancy and ensures seed germination during favourable conditions. It helps seeds withstand desiccation. It also helps in inducing dormancy in plants at the end of the growing season and promotes abscission of leaves, fruits, and flowers. Answer : (d)
Q.24
Flowering in short day plants is induced by ... ... [ BHU 2001]
0%
a) Short days and interrupted long nights
0%
b) Short days and uninterrupted long nights
0%
c) Short nights
0%
d) Long day with interrupted night
Explanation
Flowering in short day plants is induced by Short days and uninterrupted long nights Answer : (b)
Q.25
First chemical identification of auxin, indole 3-acetic acid, was carried out by .... ... [ JKCMEE 2000 ]
0%
a) Went
0%
b) Thimann
0%
c) Darwin
0%
d) Paal
Explanation
Kenneth V. Thimann (1904-1997) became the first to isolate one of these phytohormones and to determine its chemical structure as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s. Answer : (b)
Q.26
First natural cytokinin was discovered by ... ... [ JKCMEE 2002]
0%
a) Skoog and Miller
0%
b) Letham
0%
c) Benson and Calvin
0%
d) Thimann and Went
Explanation
Cytokinins were discovered by F. Skoog, C. Miller and co-workers during the 1950s as factors that promote cell division (cytokinesis). Answer : (a)
Q.27
Plants requiring exposure to light for less than the critical photoperiod for flowering are ... ... [ HPPMT 2007]
0%
a) LDP
0%
b) DN
0%
c) IDP
0%
d) SDP
Explanation
Short-day plants (SDP) form flowers only when day length is less than about 12 hours. Many spring and fall flowering plants are short day plants, Short-day plants flower if light period is less than critical period. Answer : (d)
Q.28
What causes a green plant to bend towards light as it grows? ... ...[ CET Chd 2009]
0%
a) Because green plants need light to carry on photosynthesis
0%
b) Because green plants are phototropic
0%
c) Light stimulates plant cells on the lighted side to grow faster
0%
d) Auxin accumulates on shaded side stimulating greater cell elongation
Explanation
Auxin is a plant hormone produced in the stem tip that promotes cell elongation. Auxin moves to the darker side of the plant, causing the cells there to grow larger than corresponding cells on the lighter side of the plant. Answer : (d)
Q.29
Removal of apical bud results in ... ... [ AFMC 2007]
0%
a) Formation of new apical bud
0%
b) Elongation of main stem
0%
c) Death of plant
0%
d) Formation of lateral branching
Explanation
When the apical bud is removed, the lowered IAA concentration allows the lateral buds to grow and produce new shoots, which compete to become the lead growth. Answer : (d)
Q.30
Period of suspended growth due to exogenous condition is termed as .... ... [ JKCMEE 2005]
0%
a) Quiescence is the reversible state of a cell in which it does not divide but retains the ability to re-enter cell proliferation. Some adult stem cells are maintained in a quiescent state and can be rapidly activated when stimulated, for example by injury to the tissue in which they reside.
0%
b) Dormancy
0%
c) Perennation
0%
d) Hibernation
Explanation
Quiescence is the reversible state of a cell in which it does not divide but retains the ability to re-enter cell proliferation. Some adult stem cells are maintained in a quiescent state and can be rapidly activated when stimulated reside. Answer : (a)
Q.31
Florigen is produced in the region of ... ... [ RPMT 1996]
0%
a) Leaves
0%
b) Fruit
0%
c) Root
0%
d) Trunk
Explanation
Florigen is produced in the leaves, and acts in the shoot apical meristem of buds and growing tips. It is known to be graft-transmissible, and even functions between species. Florigen (or flowering hormone) is the hypothesized hormone-like molecule responsible for controlling and/or triggering flowering in plants. Answer : (a)
Q.32
Match the column ... .... [ kerala 2008]
a) Auxin
Herring sperm DNA
b) Cytokinin
Inhibitor of growth
c) Gibberellin
Apical dominance
d) Ethylene
Epinasty
e) Abscisic acid
Induces amylase synthesis
0%
a) a- 3, b - 1, c - 5, d - 4, e - 2
0%
b) a - 4, b - 5, c - 1, d - 3, e - 2
0%
c) a - 2, b - 1, c - 5, d- 3, e - 4
0%
d) a - 3, b - 1, c- 5, d- 2, e - 4
Explanation
The apical bud produces a hormone, auxin, (IAA) that inhibits growth of the lateral buds further down on the stem towards the axillary bud. plant hormone auxin likely regulates apical dominance. a- 3, Kinetin is a type of cytokinin, a class of plant hormone that promotes cell division. Kinetin isolated as a compound from autoclaved herring sperm DNA that had cell division-promoting activity. b - 1, inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis indicate that gibberellin synthesis is required in this tissue for the induction of α-amylase. c - 5, Ethylene was the intermediate which caused epinasty or seed germination. Auxin and gibberellin primarily induced their response by stimulating ethylene production. d - 4, Abscisic acid inhibits stimulatory effects of other hormones. Inhibits shoot growth but will not have as much affect on roots or may even promote growth of roots. It inhibits cell division in the vascular cambium. e - 2 Answer : (a)
Q.33
Which of the following hormones can replace vernalisation? ... ... [ CPMT 2007]
0%
a) Auxin
0%
b) Cytokinins
0%
c) Gibberellins
0%
d) Ethylene
Explanation
Vernalization the cooling of seed during germination in order to accelerate flowering when it is planted. The gibberellin class of plant hormones has been implicated in the control of flowering in several species. In Arabidopsis, severe reduction of endogenous gibberellins delays flowering in long days and prevents flowering in short days. Answer : (b)
Q.34
Typical growth curve in plants is : …[AIPMT 2015]
0%
a) Parabolic
0%
b) Sigmoid
0%
c) Linear
0%
d) Stair-steps shaped
Explanation
Typical growth curve in plants is Sigmoid Answer:(b)
Q.35
Photoperiodic stimulus is perceived by ... ... [ MPPMT 1999]
0%
a) Leaves
0%
b) Flowers
0%
c) Buds
0%
d) Meristem
Explanation
Perception of Photoperiodic Stimulus and Presence of a Floral Hormone. It is now well established that the photoperiodic stimulus is perceived by the leaves. Answer : (a)
Q.36
Vernalisation stimulates flowering in ... ... [ CBSE 2012]
0%
a) Ginger
0%
b) Turmeric
0%
c) Zamikand
0%
d) Carrot
Explanation
Vernalization is the subjection of seeds or seedlings to low temperature in order to hasten plant development and flowering Biennial plants, such as carrot (Daucus carota), will remain in their non-flowering rosette form until subjected to cold treatment. Answer : (d)
Q.37
Auxin suppresses growth of ... .... [CPMT 1990]
0%
a) Lateral axillary buds
0%
b) Apical buds
0%
c) Roots on stem cuttings
0%
d) Parthenocarpy
Explanation
Auxin, derived from the terminal bud, inhibits the growth of axillary buds, Answer : (a)
Q.38
Pr state of phytochrome absorbs light wavelength of ... ..... [ CBSE 2007]
0%
a) 660 nm
0%
b) 640 nm
0%
c) 620 nm
0%
d) 720 nm
Explanation
Pr absorbs red light (~667 nm) and is immediately converted to Pfr. Answer : (a)
Q.39
Avena curvature test was first of all done by ... ... [ BHU 1996]
0%
a) J.C. Bose
0%
b) F.W. Went
0%
c) Thimann
0%
d) Skoog
Explanation
In 1928, Went developed a method of quantifying this plant growth substance. His results suggested that the curvatures of stems were proportional to the amount of growth substance in the agar. The Avena (oat) coleoptile curvature test for auxin was established by pioneers in phytohormone determination. In this test, the coleoptile stump of a decapitated seedling will curve in darkness after a small gelatin block containing auxin is placed on one side of a straight coleoptile stump. This test was called the avena curvature test. Answer : (b)
Q.40
Richmond-Lang effect is due to ... ... [ MPPMT 1993]
0%
a) Gibberellins
0%
b) Auxin
0%
c) Ethylene
0%
d) Kinetin
Explanation
In 1957, Richmond and Lang showed that this senescence could be postponed to several days in detached Xanthium leaves by kinetin treatment. This effect of kinetin in delaying the senescence is called as Richmond-Lang effect. Answer : (d)
Q.41
Gibberellic acid induces flowering in ... ... [ AMU 1991]
0%
a) Some plants only
0%
b) Long day plants under short day conditions
0%
c) Short day plants under long day conditions
0%
d) Day neutral plants
Explanation
Gibberellins are biochemically described as tetracyclic diterpene acids and are associated with flowering induction in several species. When exogenously applied, these plant growth regulators lead to petal growth and flowering induction in long-day plants under conditions of short days. Answer : (b)
Q.42
Movement of plant part in response to touch is ... ... [ EAMCET 1999]
0%
a) Seismonasty
0%
b) Thigmonasty
0%
c) Nutation
0%
d) None of the above
Explanation
Thigmonasty or seismonasty is the nastic response of a plant or fungus to touch or vibration. Answer : (b)
Q.43
Abscisic acid promotes ... ....
0%
a) Flower initiation
0%
b) Triple response
0%
c) Stem elongation
0%
d) Detachment of leaf, flower and fruit
Explanation
Wilting is an effect of the plant growth-inhibiting hormone, abscisic acid. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the control of organ size and stomatal closure Ethylene causes what is known as the "triple response" in plants: it causes plants to have short shoots, fat shoots, and increased lateral root growth. In seedlings, ethylene also stimulates root hair production by the radicle. Answer : (d)
Q.44
Fruit ripening is accelerated by .... .... [ BHU 1990]
0%
a) Warm surroundings
0%
b) Increased nitrogen supply
0%
c) Reduced water supply
0%
d) Ethylene rich atmosphere
Explanation
Fruit ripening is accelerated by 80%Ethylene and 20%CO2 Answer : (d)
Q.45
Hormone responsible for ageing is ... ... [ CBSE 2001]
0%
a) GA
0%
b) IAA
0%
c) ABA
0%
d) Cytokinin
Explanation
Plant senescence is the process of aging in plants. ABA causes oxidative stress to promote the senescence Answer : (c)
Q.46
In short day plants, flowering is inhibited by ... .... [ BHU 2000 ]
0%
a) Interruption of dark by white or red light
0%
b) Dark interruption by far red light
0%
c) Dark interruption by red light followed
0%
d) Not possible
Explanation
Answer : (a)
Q.47
A long day plant is ... ... [ AFMC 2010]
0%
a) Wheat/Spinach
0%
b) Soybean
0%
c) Tobacco
0%
d) Xanthium
Explanation
Long-day plants flower and grow when the daylight they obtain is more than their critical (required) photoperiod, like in summer season. Examples of long day plants are wheat, spinach, lettuce, radish, sugar beet Answer : (a)
Q.48
How does pruning help in making hedge dense? .... ... [ AFMC 2008]
0%
a) It releases wound hormones
0%
b) Apical shoot grows faster after pruning
0%
c) It frees axillary buds from apical dominance
0%
d) It induces differentiation of new shoots from rootstock
Explanation
Pruning temporarily destroys apical dominance and stimulates the growth of lateral bud (orlateral buds) into shoots. Answer : (c)
Q.49
Which of the following movement is not related to auxin level .... .. [ CBSE 1990]
0%
a) Bending of shoot towards light
0%
b) Movement of root towards soil
0%
c) Nyctinastic leaf movements
0%
d) Movement of sunflower head tracking the sun
Explanation
Nyctinastic leaf movements is due to photoreceptor in plants is phytochrome, a pigmented protein. Thus option "c" is NOT related to auxin level Eastern side of the sunflower stem elongates more than the western side during the day, turning the stem and flower westward to track the transiting sun. At night, the western side grows faster, turning the flower head back east in time to capture the rays of the rising sun. Thus option "d" is related to auxin level Answer : (c)
Q.50
Closure of lid in Pitcher Plant is a ... ... [ CBSE 1995]
0%
a) Tropic movement
0%
b) Turgor movement
0%
c) Paratonic movement
0%
d) Autonomic movement
Explanation
Closure of lid in Pitcher Plant is NOT related to growth and whole of plant does not move. The paratonic (induced) movement of growth is called tropic movements. Here the stimuli are external and unidirectional. Tropic movement is the movement of the plant in response to the stimulus present in the environment, this movement is in response to root and shoot growth. Turgor movement is due to the difference of turgidity of the cells in the lower half and upper half of pulvinus (petiole of leaf). Hence, leaf droops down for a short time. Autonomic movement is the spontaneous movement of the protoplasm seen in aquatic plants due to internal stimulus.. Answer : (c)
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