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Quiz 6
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Q.1
Auxin develops at the tip of the stem. Its movement is largely ... ... [ KCET 2007]
0%
a) Acropetal
0%
b) Centropetal
0%
c) Basipetal
0%
d) Acropetal and basipetal
Explanation
Basipetal transport: Transport of various compounds including auxin from the tip towards the basis of the particular organ (stem or root). Answer : (c)
Q.2
Gibberellin was first isolated from ... ... [ CPMT 1996]
0%
a) A bacterium
0%
b) A fungus
0%
c) An alga
0%
d) A virus
Explanation
Gibberellins were first isolated from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, the cause of the foolish seedling disease of rice Answer : (b)
Q.3
Phytochrome is involved in ... ... [ WB 2007]
0%
a) Seed germination
0%
b) Flowering
0%
c) Chloroplast orientation
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Phytochrome regulates the expression of many plant genes, and it may control plant development primarily through its role in regulating gene expression, light regulates the synthesis of RUBISCO, the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, and many other chloroplast proteins. Involved in Seed germination and flowering Answer : (d)
Q.4
Identify the physiological process induced by two phytohormones having a common precursor which is formed due to catalytic activity of pyruvic dehydrogenase complex ... ... [ EAMCET 20099] a) More female flowers in Cucumber b) α-amylase production in Barley gains c) Acceleration of fruit ripening in Tomato d) Delay in sprouting of Potato tubers
0%
a) a, b
0%
b) a, c
0%
c) c, d
0%
d) b, d
Explanation
Hormone
Precursor
Function
Auxin
Amino acids : Tryptophan
cell elongation, apical dominance, tropism, arrests lateral root
Ethylene
Amino acids : Methionine
Flowering/ fruit ripening; stress response, seed germination
Cytokinins
isoprenoid compounds: adenine (ADE)
Cell division, release lateral buds from apical dominance , root growth delays senescence
Gibberellins
isoprenoid compounds: gernaylgeranyl phosphate
Stem elongation, root growth, seed germination, flowering, floral development, fruit growth; stress
Abscisic acid
isoprenoid compounds: Phytoene
Stomatal closure, seed and bud dormancy, desiccation tolerance, root/shoot growth, leaf senescence
The α-Amylase Induction in Endosperm during Rice Seed Germination Is Caused by Gibberellin Synthesized in Epithelium. ABA suppress tuber sprouting; Both have same predicsesor Answer : (d)
Q.5
Short day plant is ... ... [ Odisha 2005]
0%
a) Xanthium
0%
b) Pisum
0%
c) Cucumis
0%
d) Avena
Explanation
Xanthium (cocklebur) is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family Xanthium is a short-day plant Answer : (a)
Q.6
An important finding in Went's experiment was ... .. [ Tamil Natu 2001]
0%
a) Unequal distribution of elongation promoting substance in Avena coleoptile
0%
b) Presence of elongation factor in all cells of root
0%
c) Curvature of coleoptile is proportional to auxin concentration
0%
d) Curvature occurred due to irregular elongation of cells
Explanation
Frits Warmolt Went (May 18, 1903 – May 1, 1990) was a Dutch biologist whose 1928 experiment demonstrated the existence of auxin in plants. The degree of inward curvature is proportional to the auxin concentration, and this phenomenon has been used as a bioassay for auxin in unknown solutions. Answer : (c)
Q.7
Development of fruit without fertilisation is .... ... [ Har PMT 2005]
0%
a) Parthenogenesis
0%
b) Parthenocarpy
0%
c) Apospory
0%
d) Apogamy
Explanation
Parthenocarpy the development of a fruit without prior fertilization. Parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction in which an egg can develop into an embryo without being fertilized by a sperm. Apospory is the development of 2n gametophytes, without meiosis and spores, from vegetative, or nonreproductive, cells of the sporophyte. Apogamy is the development of 1n sporophytes without gametes and syngamy from vegetative cells of the gametophyte. Answer : (b)
Q.8
Which one induces flowering in short-day plants? ... ... [ AFMC 1997]
0%
a) Auxin
0%
b) Cytokinin
0%
c) Gibberellin
0%
d) Propylene
Explanation
Gibberellins function is stem elongation, root growth, seed germination, flowering, floral development, fruit growth; stress Answer : (b)
Q.9
Match the columns ... ..[ Kerala 2007]
Human urine
a) Cytokinin
Gibberella fujikuroi
b) Auxin
Herring fish DNA
c) Ethylene
Ripening fruit
d) Abscisic acid
Aged leaves of plants
e. Gibberellins
0%
a) 1 - b, 2 - e, 3 - a, 4 - c, 5 - d
0%
b) 1 - b, 2 - c, 3 - d, 4 - e, 5 - a
0%
c) 1 - a, 2 - e, 3 - b, 4 - d , 5 - c
0%
d) 1 - e, 2 - d, 3 - c, 4 - b, 5 - a
Explanation
Human urine shows common presence of Auxin ( indole-3-acetic acid) 1 - b, Gibberellins were first isolated from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi,2 - e, Kinetin ( type of cytokinin) was originally isolated by Miller and Skoog et al. as a compound from autoclaved herring sperm DNA that had cell division-promoting activity. 3 - a, Most fruits produce a gaseous compound called ethylene that starts the ripening process. 4 - c, Abscisic acid function Stomatal closure, seed maturation, germination, desiccation tolerance, root/shoot growth, leaf senescence 5 - d Answer : (a)
Q.10
Etiolation occurs when plants ... ... [ DPMT 2009]
0%
a) Are grown in dark
0%
b) Are grown in intense light
0%
c) Develop viral infection
0%
d) Develop mineral deficiency
Explanation
Etiolation is a process in flowering plants grown in partial or complete absence of light. Answer : (a)
Q.11
Sprouting of potato can be prevented in storage by ... ... [ CET Chd 2000 ]
0%
a) Maleic hydrazide
0%
b) Gibberellins
0%
c) Indole acetic acid
0%
d) Cytokinins
Explanation
Sprouting of potato can be prevented in storage by Maleic hydrazide. It acts by inhibiting cell division but not extension of existing cells Answer : (a)
Q.12
Match the following .... ..... [ Guj CET 2011]
I
II
III
a) Foolish Plant
p) Volatile hormone
x) Induces dormancy
b) Induces senescence
q) Abscisic acid
y) Ripens fruit
- - - -
r) Gibberella
z) Usually sterile plant
0%
a) a-p-y, b-r-x
0%
b) a-r-z, b-q-z
0%
c) a-r-z, b-p-y
0%
d) a-q-x, b-r-y
Explanation
Gibberella fujikuroi is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes "foolish seedling" (bakanae) disease in rice seedlings. This fungus causes to produce only partially filled or empty grains or it is unable to produce viable (sterile plant). a-r-z, Ethylene is a volatile hormone, has important roles in the ripening of many fruits, in the induction of senescence in leaves and flowers, and in the abscission of leaf petioles and flower peduncles. b-p-y Answer : (c)
Q.13
Pneumatophores show ... .... [ AMU 1999 ]
0%
a) Positive geotropism
0%
b) Negative geotropism
0%
c) Thigmotropism
0%
d) Negative phototropism
Explanation
Pneumatophores are small negatively geotropic vertical roots Answer : (b)
Q.14
Discovery of gibberellin is related to ... ... [ W.B. 2009]
0%
a) Blast disease of Rice
0%
b) Early blight of Potato
0%
c) Bakane disease of Rice
0%
d) Rust of Wheat
Explanation
Kurosawa, a Japanese botanist, discovered gibberellin while investigating the rice foolish seedling disease in which spindly seedlings are formed due to Gibberellic acid like compounds produced by the fungus ( Gibberella fujikuroi) infecting the plant. Answer : (c)
Q.15
Opening of floral buds is ... .... [ CBSE 2007]
0%
a) Autonomic movement of variation
0%
b) Paratonic movement of growth
0%
c) Autonomic movement of growth
0%
d) Autonomic movement of locomotion
Explanation
There are the following three types of autonomic movements:- Movements and locomotion: Example oscillatory movements of Oscillatoria, Motility of zoospores. Growth and curvature movement :These movements are brought about by unequal growth on different sides of an organ. Example Opening of floral buds and circinately coiled leaves are good examples of nastic movements. Variation movements: These movements occur due to periodic variations in the turgidity of cells of an organ. Leaflets periodically drop down and rise up Answer : (c)
Q.16
2, 4-D is .... .... [ AIIMS 1997]
0%
a) Weedicide
0%
b) Insecticide
0%
c) Rodenticide
0%
d) Nematicide
Explanation
2,4-D (synthetic auxin) is a widely used herbicide that controls broadleaf weeds Answer : (a)
Q.17
Pineapple can be made to produce fruits throughout the year by application of ... .... [ WB 2007]
0%
a) IAA, IBA
0%
b) NAA, 2,4-D
0%
c) Phenyl acetic acid
0%
d) Cytokinins
Explanation
Since pineapples flower erratically, induction of flowering is a common practice. This is done chemically by use of growth regulators which induces flowering and subsequent fruiting. Following growth regulators are recommended to induce flowering. NAA is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family; it is a rooting agent and used for the vegetative propagation of plants from stem and leaf cuttings. It is also used for plant tissue culture. Plant growth regulators such as 2,4-D induce pineapple flowering by increasing the content of ethylene in the meristematic zone of the plant when applied at low concentration. Answer : (b)
Q.18
Which of the following ion is pulled out in apoplast by auxin during growth? ... ... [ CPMT 1999]
0%
a) K+
0%
b) H+
0%
c) Na+
0%
d) Mg2+
Explanation
Answer : (b)
Q.19
Vernalization means..............
0%
a) Effect of light on growth
0%
b) Speedy flowering at low temperature
0%
c) Flowering at high temperature
0%
d) Growth Graph
Explanation
Answer:(b)
Q.20
Which type of movement is shown by Tulip and Sunflower respectively? .... .. [ Guj CET 2007]
0%
a) Thermonasty and photonasty
0%
b) Hydronasty and photonasty
0%
c) Thigmonasty and photonasty
0%
d) Hydronasty and thermonasty
Explanation
Tulip species is also known to be thermonastic. Thermonasty is the tendency in certain plant species to respond to temperature changes by developing a sufficient cellular force or growth on one side of an axis to change the form or position of the axis Sunflower shows photonastic movement. Photonasty is the tendency in certain plant species to respond to light by developing sufficient cellular force or growth on one side of an axis to change the form or position of the axis, as in the opening and closing of the flowers of four-o'clocks. Answer : (a)
Q.21
The term phytochrome was introduced by ... ... [ MPPMT 2001]
0%
a) Borthwick and Hendricks
0%
b) Borthwick
0%
c) Moore
0%
d) Garner and Allard
Explanation
The phytochrome pigment was discovered by Sterling Hendricks and Harry Borthwick The term phytochrome was introduced by the American botanist Harry A. Borthwick (1898-1974) and the biochemist Sterling B. Hendricks Answer : (a)
Q.22
Which synthetic growth regulator is used to promote synchronised flowering in Pine-apple ... ...[ KCET 2010]
0%
a) Indole butyric acid
0%
b) Phenyl mercuric acetate
0%
c) Benzyl aminopurine
0%
d) 2-Chloroethyl phosphonic acid
Explanation
The 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) and calcium carbide are used to induce and synchronize the flowering of pineapple crop Answer : (d)
Q.23
Hormones primarily connected with cell division is ... ... [ AFMC 2012]
0%
a) IAA
0%
b) NAA
0%
c) Cytokinin/Zeatin
0%
d) Gibberellic acid
Explanation
Cytokinins (CK) and Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine, are a class of plant growth substances that promote cell division, or cytokinesis, in plant roots and shoots. They are involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation, but also affect apical dominance, axillary bud growth, and leaf senescence. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Plant hormone controlling fruit ripening is ... .. [ BHU 1995]
0%
a) IAA
0%
b) GA
0%
c) Ethylene
0%
d) Kinetin
Explanation
Ethene is a volatile hormone that controls numerous aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit ripening, seed germination, flowering, and senescence Answer : (c)
Q.25
Which hormone is not translocated ... ... [ AMU 2005]
0%
a) Auxin
0%
b) Gibberellins
0%
c) Ethylen
0%
d) Cytokinin
Explanation
Ethylene moves within the plant by diffusion and is thought to be synthesized at or near its site of action, Ethylene can diffuse across membranes into nearby cells, there is no requirement for transporter proteins to deliver ethylene to target cells Long distance translocation has been demonstrated for many plant hormones, including auxins, abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins, gibberellins (GAs), strigolactones, and salicylic acid. Hormones translocated with the transpiration stream have to be loaded into the xylem and unloaded at the target cells Answer : (c)
Q.26
Gibberellin takes part in ... ... [ CMC 2002]
0%
a) Breaking of seed dormancy
0%
b) Internode elongation in dwarf plants
0%
c) Seed germination and flowering
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that are essential for many developmental processes in plants, including seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, trichome development, pollen maturation and the induction of flowering Answer : (d)
Q.27
Exponential growth occurs in ... .... [ Odisha 2009]
0%
a) Yeast
0%
b) Bacteria
0%
c) Asexual reproduction
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Exponential growth may occur in environments where there are few individuals and plentiful resources, but when the number of individuals becomes large enough, resources will be depleted, slowing the growth rate. Bacterial, Yeast and Asexual reproduction shows exponential growth. Answer : (d)
Q.28
Herbicides kill plants by inhibiting ... .... [ AMU 2003]
0%
a) PS I
0%
b) PS II
0%
c) Translocation
0%
d) Both and b
Explanation
Under moderate light conditions herbicides reduce primary productivity, and under higher light, blockage of the electron transport system results in the build-up of reactive oxygen species that damage PSII . These herbicides have been designed to prevent germination, reduce growth and kill weeds. Answer : (b)
Q.29
Common biosynthetic inhibitor of GA is ... ... [ Odisha 2006]
0%
a) CCC
0%
b) Jasmonic acid
0%
c) Citric acid
0%
d) Lactic acid
Explanation
Dwarfing agents (gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors) are frequently used to manipulate plant size. This is done through interference with the biosynthetic process. There are three major groups of inhibitors of GA-biosynthesis. onium-type compounds chlormequat chloride (CCC), compounds with N-containing heterocycle and cyclohexane-triones Answer : (a)
Q.30
Natural hormone isolated from coconut milk and corn kernels is ... ... [ HPPMT 2012]
0%
a) Florigen
0%
b) GA3
0%
c) Auxins
0%
d) Zeatin
Explanation
Zeatin and its derivatives occur in many plant extracts and are the active ingredient in coconut milk and immature corn kernels, which causes plant growth. Answer : (d)
Q.31
Growth hormone responsible for apical dominance is ... ... [ BHU 2000 ]
0%
a) Auxin
0%
b) Cytokinin
0%
c) Gibberellin
0%
d) Ethylene
Explanation
Growth hormone responsible for apical dominance is Auxin Answer : (a)
Q.32
Which is incorrectly matched .... ... [ kerala 2011]
0%
a) Adenine derivative -Kinetin
0%
b) Terpenes - IAA
0%
c) Carotenoid derivative - ABA
0%
d) Indole compounds - IBA
Explanation
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the main auxin produced by plants Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the main auxin produced by plants, is known to be synthesized de novo using tryptophan (Trp) as a precursor. Thus 'b' is incorrectly matched Answer : (b)
Q.33
On touching, the leaves of Mimosa pudica droop down because of ... .... [ AFMC 1999 ]
0%
a) Seismonasty
0%
b) Myctinasty
0%
c) Chemonasty
0%
d) Thigmotropism
Explanation
Seismonasty is a nastic movement. When any organ of Mimosa pudica is touched, the stimulus reaches the base of the leaf. Owing to this stimulus, the turgor of lower half of pulvinus is lost and the leaf droops down. Answer : (a)
Q.34
Food can be preserved by ... ... [ MPPMT 1997]
0%
a) Low temperature
0%
b) High temperature
0%
c) Osmotic pressure
0%
d) All the above
Explanation
Freezing prevents the growth of most foodborne microorganisms and refrigeration temperatures slow down the growth of microorganisms. Refrigeration below 5°C effectively retards the growth of many foodborne pathogens. The cooling rate is important in controlling the growth of microorganisms. Answer : (a)
Q.35
α-amylase synthesis is promoted by ... .. [ Bih PMT 2006]
0%
a) IAA
0%
b) GA
0%
c) Cytokinin
0%
d) NAA
Explanation
Gibberellins (GAs) break seed dormancy and promote germination Alpha-amylase is synthesized de novo during seed germination Answer : (b)
Q.36
In bryophytes and algae, Lunularic acid replaces ... .... [ AMU 2003]
0%
a) Auxin
0%
b) Gibberellin
0%
c) Cytokinin
0%
d) Abscisic acid
Explanation
The role of lunularic acid in bryophytes and algae similar to abscisic acid (ABA), growth inhibition and dormancy induction Answer : (d)
Q.37
Which one prevents premature fall of fruit? ... ... [ CBSE 2001]
0%
a) NAA
0%
b) Ethylene
0%
c)cytokinins
0%
d) Zeatin
Explanation
Fruit drop can be controlled by the exogenous application of plant growth regulators such as auxins and gibberillins(GA3). These plant growth regulators tend to delay the senescence and reduce unwanted fruit abscision. NAA is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family Answer : (a)
Q.38
Which does not take place in short day plants? ... .. [ BHU 1994]
0%
a) An interrupted critical dark period
0%
b) Critical period is interrupted by light
0%
c) Dark period is interrupted by red light followed by infrared light
0%
d) Critical period is not interrupted by white or red light
Explanation
When the length of night is longer than the critical dark period, short-day plants are induced to flower. If there is an interruption to the darkness, such as a brief period of light, the plant will not flower, even though the continuous period of light—day—is still short Answer : (b)
Q.39
Hormones used to speed up malting in Barley, promote flowering in Pineapple and delaying leaf senescence are respectively ... ... [kerala 2012]
0%
a) Auxin, Gibberellin and Cytokinin
0%
b) Gibberellin, Cytokinin, Auxin
0%
c) Gibberellin, Auxin, Cytokinin
0%
d) Cytokinin, Auxin, Gibberellin
Explanation
Gibberellin is used to speed up the malting process in barley. Auxins could cause flowering of pineapple. Cytokinin production slows down the process of senescence. Answer : (c)
Q.40
Natural plant hormone isolated from corn kernels and coconut milk is ... ... [ kerala 2007]
0%
a) Florigen
0%
b) GA3
0%
c) Free auxins
0%
d) Zeatin
Explanation
Zeatin is natural plant hormone isolated from corn kernels and coconut milk Answer : (d)
Q.41
A ageing of plant leaves and shoots is called ... ..... [ MHT CET 2010]
0%
a) Chlorosis
0%
b) Wilting
0%
c) Senescence
0%
d) Necrosis
Explanation
Plant senescence is the process of aging in plants. Plants have both stress-induced and age-related developmental aging. Answer : (c)
Q.42
Fruit drop is prevented by spraying ... ... [ CPMT 2008]
0%
a) Cytokinin
0%
b) Florigen
0%
c) Auxin
0%
d) IAA
Explanation
Fruit drop can be controlled by the exogenous application of plant growth regulators such as auxins and gibberillins(GA3). These plant growth regulators tend to delay the senescence and reduce unwanted fruit abscisio Answer : (c)
Q.43
One of the following is a growth retardant .... ... [MPPMT 1996]
0%
a) Morphactin
0%
b) Zeatin
0%
c) Adenine
0%
d) Ascorbic acid
Explanation
Morphactin is synthetic fluorine-containing compounds that tend to produce morphological changes and suppress growth in plants. Answer : (a)
Q.44
Which one of the following is a short day plant? ... .. [ HPPMT 2005]
0%
a) Wheat
0%
b) Barley
0%
c) Larkspur
0%
d) Dahlia/xanthium
Explanation
Dahlia/xanthium short-day plants develop flowers in autumn-spring period Autumn in India September end to November Spring in India Feburary to March Answer : (d)
Q.45
Cytokinins ... ... [ JKCMEE 2003]
0%
a) Cause leaf abscission
0%
b) Delay leaf abscission
0%
c) Promote stomatal closing
0%
d) Promote seed dormancy
Explanation
Cytokinin production slows down the process of senescence. Answer : (b)
Q.46
An example of short day plant is ... .... [ JKCMEE 2008]
0%
a) Maize
0%
b) Radish
0%
c) Chrysanthemum
0%
d) Wheat
Explanation
Dahlia/xanthium short-day plants develop flowers in autumn-spring period Autumn in India September end to November Spring in India Feburary to March Answer : (c)
Q.47
Induction of cell division and delay in senescence are due to ... .. [ BHU 2007]
0%
a) Gibberellin
0%
b) Auxin
0%
c) Cytokinin
0%
d) Ethylene
Explanation
Cytokinins are the plant hormones which has manifold effects on plants. It includes delaying of senescence, active cell division and so on. Cytokinins increase cell division by stimulating proteins needed for mitosis. Answer : (c)
Q.48
Period between formative phase and maturation phase of plant growth is ... ...[ HPPMT 2007]
0%
a) Lag phase
0%
b) Phase of elongation
0%
c) Stationary phase
0%
d) Grand period of growth
Explanation
The intermediate phase between the formative phase and the maturation phase is the phase of elongation. Answer : (b)
Q.49
Plant hormone causing abscission of leaves, senescence, bud dormancy and inhibition of cell division is ... ... [ AFMC 2004]
0%
a) IAA
0%
b) Ethylene
0%
c) Cytokinins
0%
d) ABA
Explanation
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) was first discovered as the agent that causes the abscission. The hormones abscisic acid is promoters of senescence Abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in responses to environmental stresses, such as cold, salt stress, osmotic stress, and pathogen attack, which trigger various biological processes such as stomatal closure, inhibition of fruit ripening, seed dormancy, and inhibition of cell division senescence, bud dormancy and inhibition of cell division Answer : (d)
Q.50
Match the column ... ... [ KCET 1999 ]
a)Auxin
p)GA
3
b)Gibberellin
q) Indole Acetic Acid
c)Cytokinin
r)Abscisic Acid
d) Dormin
s) Acetic acid
- - - -
t) Zeatin
0%
a) a - q, b - r, c - p, d - t
0%
b) a - q, b - s, c - p, d - t
0%
c) a - q, b - p, c - t, d - r
0%
d) a - q, b - t, c - p, d - r
Explanation
IAA (Indole-3-Acetic Acid) is the abundant and well known plant hormone of the auxin class. a - q, Gibberellic acid is also called gibberellin A3, GA, and GA3 is a hormone found in plants and fungi. b - p, Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine, which occurs in the form of a cis- and a trans-isomer and conjugates. c - t, Abscisic acid (ABA) is identical with a substance that causes bud dormancy in wooden perennial plants. It was therefore at first also called dormin. d - r Answer : (c)
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