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Quiz 1
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Q.1
The process responsible for facilitating loss of water in liquid form from the tip of grass blades at night and in early morning is ... .. [NEET 2020]
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a) Imbibition
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b) Plasmolysis
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c) Transpiration
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d) Root pressure
Explanation
Answer : (d)
Q.2
What is the direction of movement of sugars in phloem? [NEET 2019]
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a) Non-multidirectional
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b) Upward
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c) Downward
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d) Bi-directional
Explanation
phloem transports organic materials from sites of production (called a source) to a site of need (called a sink). Thus, the typical direction of transport is downward from the primary source (leaves) to the major sink (roots). Answer : (a)
Q.3
Xylem translocates. ... [NEET 2019]
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a) Water only
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b) Water and mineral salts only
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c) Water, mineral salts and some organic nitrogen only
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d) Water, mineral salts, some organic nitrogen and hormones
Explanation
Xylem is associated with tanslocation of mainly water, mineral salts, some organic nitrogen and hormones. Answer : (d)
Q.4
Assertion Dried seeds of Pea are kept in tin, water is poured over them up to upper level. A lid is put tight over it. Within an hour the lid is blown off Reason Due to rapid cell division in Pea seeds ... ..... [ AIIMS 2007]
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a) If both the assertion and reason are true and reason explains the assertion.
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b) If both the assertion and reason are true but reason does not explain the assertion
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c) If assertion is true but reason is false
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d) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Explanation
When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, water enters into a cell by osmosis and as a result turgor pressure develops. The cell membrane becomes stretched and the osmotic pressure of the cell decreases Thus Osmosis is the reason for asswertion Answer : (c)
Q.5
Guttation is mainly due to ... .... [ AIIMS 1999 ]
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a) Root pressure
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b) Osmosis
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c) Transpiration
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d) Imbibition
Explanation
The process of guttation occurs when the roots of a plant absorb water from the soil. This creates a pressure inside the plant, and the water is forced out through the hydathodes. Answer : (a)
Q.6
Which one is not connected with transport across the cell membrane ... .....[ BHU 2003]
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a) Osmosis
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b) Active transport
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c) Diffusion
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d) Surface tension
Explanation
Surface tension, which occurs because hydrogen bonding between water molecules is stronger at the air-water interface than among molecules within the water. Surface tension not connected with transport across the cell membrane. Answer : (d)
Q.7
A semipermeable membrane allows the diffusion of ... .. [ CPMT 1991]
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a) Solutes
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b) Solvent
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c) Both solvent and solutes
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d) None of above
Explanation
Osmosis is the term used to refer specifically to the diffusion of water (solvent) across a differentially- or semi-permeable membrane. Osmosis occurs spontaneously in response to a driving force Answer : (b)
Q.8
Exchange of substances between a cell and its environment is due to ... ...[ BHU 2002]
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a) Osmosis
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b) Active transport
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c) Diffusion
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d) All the above
Explanation
Osmosis is how plants are able to absorb water from soil. Active transport is a mode of transportation in plants, which uses stored energy to move the particles against the concentration gradient.Uptake of mineral ions into root hair cells of plants. Diffusion is a very important process for photosynthesis where carbon dioxide from the stomata diffuses into the leaves and finally into the cells. Answer : (d)
Q.9
Loss of water from tips of leaves is .... ...[ AFMC 1998]
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a) Transpiration
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b) Guttation
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c) Bleeding
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d) Respiration
Explanation
Guttation is the exudation of drops of xylem sap on the tips or edges of leaves of some vascular plants, such as grasses, and a number of fungi. Answer : (b)
Q.10
Stomata open when guard cells swell due to ... .....[ Odisha 2011]
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a) Decreased water potential
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b) Increased water potential
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c) Endosmosis by efflux of K+ ions
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d) Endosmosis by influx of hydrogen ions
Explanation
When the potassium (K + ) concentration is high, water moves in, and the stoma opens. -When potassium leaves the guard cells, the stomata close. Pure water have the greatest water potential. and higher concentration of K+ reduces water potential Thus water will enter stomata due to decreased water potential in stomata Answer : (a)
Q.11
To initiate cell plasmolysis, salt solution should be ..... .... [ MPPMT 2002]
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a) Isotonic
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b) Hypotonic
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c) Hypertonic
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d) None of the above
Explanation
Plasmolysis is when plant cells lose water after being placed in a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell does. In the biological fields, hypertonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is greater outside the cell than inside it Thus when cell is keept in hypertonic solution water comes out by the process of osmosis Answer : (c)
Q.12
Stomatal opening is influenced by ... ..
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a) N2 concentration, CO2 concentration and light
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b) CO2 concentration, temperature and light
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c) N2 concentration, light and temperature
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d) CO2 concentration, N2 concentration and temperature
Explanation
Several environmental factors affect stomata opening, including hormone, light quality and intensity, air humidity, atmospheric CO2 concentration, biotic and abiotic stresses. Answer : (b)
Q.13
Adding solute to pure water will cause development of ... ... [ MPPMT 2001]
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a) Positive water potential
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b) More positive potential
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c) More negative water potential
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d) Negative water potential
Explanation
The measure of the relative tendency of water to move from one area to another, Adding solute lowers the water potential. Answer : (d)
Q.14
With rise in turgidity, wall pressure will ... .... [ CBSE 1997]
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a) Decrease
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b) Increase
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c) Fluctuate
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d) Remain unchanged
Explanation
Turgidity is the state of being turgid or swollen, especially due to high fluid content. Turgidity is essential in plant cells to make them keep standing upright. wall pressure is the mechanical pressure applied to the proptoplast and vacuole by the stretched cell wall. the pressure exerted on the contents of a plant cell by the cell wall that is equal in force and opposite in direction to the turgor pressure Thus if With rise in turgidity, wall pressure will increase Answer : (b)
Q.15
Water will enter a cell if it is placed in solution less concentrated than sap due to .... ... [ Manipur 2005]
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a) Endosmosis
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b) Diffusion
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c) Imbibition
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d) Plasmolysis
Explanation
Endosmosis osmosis toward the inside of a cell or vessel. Given that cell have more concentration of solute and less concentration of water option "a" correct Answer : (a)
Q.16
Rate of transpiration is dependent upon ... .... [ MPPMT 1990 ]
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a) Negative turgor pressure
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b) Temperature
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c) D.P.D
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d) Vapour pressure deficit
Explanation
Vapour-pressure deficit or VPD, is the difference (deficit) between the amount of moisture in the air and how much moisture the air can hold when it is saturated. as the VPD increases, the plant needs to draw more water from its roots Answer : (d)
Q.17
In pickles infection is rare due to .... .... [ JIPMER 2004]
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a) Plasmolysis
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b) Decrease in osmotic potential by salt
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c) Increase in osmotic potential by salt
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d) Decrease in temperature by salt
Explanation
In pickel comman salt is added. Thus concentration of solute is more than the concentration of solute in cell. Water comes out of cell Plasmolysis is when cells lose water after being placed in a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell does. Answer : (a)
Q.18
Guard cells differ from epidermal cells in having ... ...[ CBSE 2011]
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a) Mitochondria
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b) Vacuoles
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c) Cell wall
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d) Chloroplasts
Explanation
The guard cells contain chloroplasts, so they can manufacture food by photosynthesis (The epidermal cells do not contain chloroplasts) Guard cells are the only epidermal cells that can make sugar. Answer : (d)
Q.19
Turgor pressure develops in epiblema cells of root due to ... ...[ Tamilnadu 2002]
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a) High water potential of cortical cells
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b) Entry of water into root hairs and increase in volume of cell sap
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c) Filling of large vacuole in root hair with cell sap
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d) Osmotic diffusion of water into pericycle through passage cells
Explanation
Cell expansion and an increase in turgor pressure is due to inward diffusion of water into the cell, and turgor pressure increases due to the increasing volume of vacuolar sap. Answer : (b)
Q.20
The direction of water in Cycas leaflets is .... ..[ CPMT 1998]
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a) Upward
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b) Downward
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c) Lateral
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d) Both a and b
Explanation
Primary transfusion tissue present just on either side of the centrally located vascular bundle. Transfusion tissue is universal in leaves of gymnosperms. It is composed of three kinds of cells: thick walled tracheids, parenchyma and albuminous cells Answer : (c)
Q.21
Force of cohesion develops due to ... ...[ MHTCET 2009]
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a) Attraction between similar molecules
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b) Attraction between different molecules
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c) Surface tension at the interface
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d) All the above
Explanation
Cohesion refers to the attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind, Answer : (a)
Q.22
Temporary wilting is due to ... ... [ CPMT 1994]
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a) Photosynthesis
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b) Transpiration
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c) Respiration
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d) Absorption of water
Explanation
Wilting that occurs in hot weather when the rate of transpiration exceeds the rate at which a plant can absorb moisture from the soil. Answer : (b)
Q.23
For a plasmolysed cell which equation is correct .... ... [ BHU 2012]
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a) DPD = OP + TP
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b) DPD = -TP
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c) DPD = OP
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d) DPD = OP - TP
Explanation
The correct option is (c) DPD =OP. When a cell is fully turgid, its OP is equal to TP and DPD is zero. Turgid cells cannot absorb any more water. DPD can be calculated as DPD = Osmotic Pressure - Turgor Pressure. In a plasmolysed cell, cell membrane shrinks away from the cell. Hence gradient develops between the cell and outer solution. Turgor pressure of cell becomes zero. Thus DPD equals to OP. Answer : (c)
Q.24
Water is absorbed from outside solution only when it is ... ..[ AFMC 1993]
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a) Isotonic
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b) Hypotonic
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c) Hypertonic
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d) None of these
Explanation
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than sap of cell. When cell is placed in hypotonic solution, solvant or water enters the cell Answer : (b)
Q.25
Which of the following statements are not true ... ...[ kerla 2008] a) In CAM plants, stomata open during dark and remain closed during day b) Role of Na+ in stomatal opening is now universally accepted c) Water potential of root cells is higher than water potential of soil d) Capillarity theory is most accepted theory of water movement through plants e) Wall of xylem vessels made up of lignocellulose has strong affinity for water molecules
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a) b, c and e
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b) b, c and d
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c) a, b and c
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d) b and c
Explanation
potassium is responsible for stomata opening statement b is not correct The internal water potential of a plant cell is more negative than pure water because of the cytoplasm's high solute content. Because of this difference in water potential, water will move from the soil into a plant's root cells via the process of osmosis. Statement "c" is not correct The cohesion – tension theory of sap ascent explains how how water is pulled up from the roots to the top of the plant.Statement "d" is not correct Answer : (b)
Q.26
Conversion of starch to organic acids is required for ... .... [ CBSE 1992]
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a) Stomatal opening
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b) Stomatal closing
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c) Stomatal formation
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d) Stomatal activity
Explanation
The mechanism of the closing and opening of the stomata depends upon the presence of sugar and starch in the guard cells. During day time or in the presence of light, the guard cells of the stomata contain sugar synthesized by their chloroplasts. The sugar is soluble and increases the concentration of the sap of guard cells. Due to higher concentration of the cytoplasm of guard cells, the water comes to them from the neighbouring cells by osmosis and they become turgid. With the result the stomata remain open In the night or in the absence of light the sugar present in guard cells converts into the starch. The starch is insoluble, and this way the cell sap of the guard cells remains of much lower concentration than those of neighbouring cells, and the neighbouring cells take out the water from the guard cells by osmosis making them flaccid and the stomata closed. Also when guard cells lose potassium ions, water diffuses out of the cells by osmosis. As water leaves the cells, they become flaccid and less bowed, which closes the stomata between them Answer : (a)
Q.27
A plant cell becomes turgid due to .... ...[ kerala 2004]
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a) Plasmolysis
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b) Exosmosis
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c) Endosmosis
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d) Electrolysis
Explanation
if solution is a very dilute solution, the cell will gain water by osmosis called endosmosis and cell becomes turgid. Answer : (c)
Q.28
Cell 'A' with O.P = 10 atm and T.P. = 5 atm is in contact with cell 'B' having O.P = 15 atm and T.P. = 12 atm. The flow of water will be ... ...[ AIIMS 1992]
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a) From A to B
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b) Equal flow
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c) From B to A
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d) No flow
Explanation
Diffusion pressure deficit (DPD) Osmotic pressure (OP) Turgor pressure (TP) DPD = O.P. - T.P If DPD of first cell is more , it has less water then second and, therefore, water would diffuse from cell Second into the cell First Cell A DPD = 10-5=5 Cell B DPD = 15-12 = 3 Since DPD of cell A is more less water than cell B Water will flow from Cell B to Cell A Answer : (c)
Q.29
If turgor pressure becomes equal to osmotic pressure ... ... [ AIIMS 2002]
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a) Water leaves the cells
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b) Water enter the cell
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c) No exchange of water takes place
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d) Solute pass out of the cell
Explanation
When water enters the cell of a plant, the cytoplasm exerts an outward pressure on the wall and that pressure is called turgor pressure. Cell wall is rigid and flexible therefore exerts an equal and opposite wall pressure against the expanding protoplasm. Thus, turgor pressure becomes equal to the wall pressure when no exchange of water takes place and equilibrium is established. Answer : (c)
Q.30
Dry seeds when placed in water swell up due to ... ... [ BHU 1999 ]
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a) Imbibition
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b) Absorption
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c) Diffusion
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d) Adsorption
Explanation
Dry seeds when placed in water swell up due to imbibition. Answer : (a)
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